scholarly journals Single-parenting: a case of class division on ideas of marriage and motherhood

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-216
Author(s):  
Maria Carolina Tomás
1967 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Haviland

AbstractThis paper presents an analysis of stature of the prehistoric population from the Maya site of Tikal, Guatemala. From this analysis, based on 55 skeletons from the Tikal burial series, three important conclusions emerge with respect to ancient Maya demography and social organization. (1) Tikal was settled by people of moderate stature, and this remained relatively stable over several centuries. A marked reduction in male stature in Late Classic times may be indicative of a situation of nutritional stress, which may have had something to do with the collapse of Classic Maya civilization. (2) Stature differences between those buried in tombs and others at Tikal suggest that, in the last century B.C., a distinct ruling class developed at Tikal. This simple class division of rulers and commoners may have become more complex in Late Classic times. (3) There was a marked sexual dimorphism in stature between males and females at Tikal. This is probably partially genetic and partially a reflection of relatively lower status for women as opposed to men in Maya society.


1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Lill

Estimated expenditures on brood-care by unassisted female superb lyrebirds, obtained through time-energy budgeting, were compared with published values for other bird species. With the exception of nestbuilding, estimated daily expenditures were relatively low, due mainly to the small brood size and low level of parental attentiveness. It is suggested that the traits which reduce daily brood-care expenditures, particularly the small brood size and extremely slow growth rate, may have evolved as adaptations which enabled deserted females operating close to maximal capacity to cope with single-parenting. Male parental involvement could probably increase the growth rate of the young, but not brood size; moreover, egg- laying was sufficiently asynchronous to afford multiple mating opportunities to parentally emancipated males. However, the slow growth rate of the young results in relatively large overall brood-care expenditures for females. Investments by males of up to 50% of daylight hours and 45% of BMR on singing at the height of the mating season were comparable with those of partially emancipated, polygynous males of other species. They probably reflect the high level of competition to control good display areas and to advertise status and quality to widely spaced females.


1995 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sridhar Ramaswamy ◽  
Paris C. Kanellakis
Keyword(s):  

Upravlenie ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. N. Sakulyeva ◽  
S. Trombetta

Any interaction between two or more actors always involves different factors: economic, social, cultural, political and o ther. Studying the history of the service concept is impossible in the break from the study of the concept of trade. These two concepts in an inseparable bundle to more accurately reflect the importance of service both in small trade transactions and for the work of transport industry leaders, – have been considered in the article.The trade and economic breakthrough in the development of international trade relations, which dates back to the XIII century. The most important period for studying the history of the service concept as a key aspect of trade. The XX century has become really important for customer service. Created prerequisites, development of production, qualitative change in the life of the population – all it allowed both Russia and Europe to step far forward in terms of the service concept. If up to this point, the world has been convinced, that supply creates demand, then with the development of supply, with the expansion of services, with the advent of new modes of transport, namely, with the emergence of alternatives in any sphere of society, there is a new task – to attract customer to its product.The result of changes in the service sector in the XX century was a reorientation from production to customer, despite the uneven development of the countries of Europe and Russia, in the XXI century the countries rose about one step of service development. The only thing, that has become the strongest difference are the mental values of the people of Europe and Russia. Customer orientation prevails over one’s own interests, as the moral satisfaction of the process of interaction with the client is on a par with the material. Lack of class division of customers, and understanding the importance of separating needs according to opportunities is the basis for the development of service on transport.


Author(s):  
Neville Kirk

This chapter investigates Mann’s and Ross’s attitudes towards race, class and gender. The aim is to shed new light upon the widely debated and topical issues of racism, whiteness and anti-racism. This is done by means of an investigation of the interplay between race and class, division and solidarity, inclusion and exclusion and internationalism and national ‘exceptions’ and ‘peculiarities’. The chapter contrasts the exclusionary, nationally-rooted whiteness of Ross (despite his class-based socialist internationalism) with the inclusive, class-based anti-racism of Mann. It offers the conclusion that whiteness was probably more variable, contingent and contested than suggested in most of the recent and current literature. It also demonstrates that ‘whiteness’ and ‘race’ were highly gendered categories.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document