scholarly journals History of origin and development of customer service

Upravlenie ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. N. Sakulyeva ◽  
S. Trombetta
Keyword(s):  
Customer Service ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Customer Orientation ◽  
Qualitative Change ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Class Division ◽  
Service Concept ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of

Any interaction between two or more actors always involves different factors: economic, social, cultural, political and o ther. Studying the history of the service concept is impossible in the break from the study of the concept of trade. These two concepts in an inseparable bundle to more accurately reflect the importance of service both in small trade transactions and for the work of transport industry leaders, – have been considered in the article.The trade and economic breakthrough in the development of international trade relations, which dates back to the XIII century. The most important period for studying the history of the service concept as a key aspect of trade. The XX century has become really important for customer service. Created prerequisites, development of production, qualitative change in the life of the population – all it allowed both Russia and Europe to step far forward in terms of the service concept. If up to this point, the world has been convinced, that supply creates demand, then with the development of supply, with the expansion of services, with the advent of new modes of transport, namely, with the emergence of alternatives in any sphere of society, there is a new task – to attract customer to its product.The result of changes in the service sector in the XX century was a reorientation from production to customer, despite the uneven development of the countries of Europe and Russia, in the XXI century the countries rose about one step of service development. The only thing, that has become the strongest difference are the mental values of the people of Europe and Russia. Customer orientation prevails over one’s own interests, as the moral satisfaction of the process of interaction with the client is on a par with the material. Lack of class division of customers, and understanding the importance of separating needs according to opportunities is the basis for the development of service on transport.

scholarly journals The North-South Divide, And Northernness in Road to Wigan Pier from George Orwell, A Novelist and Outsider’s View

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyi Wang ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Research ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
George Orwell ◽  
Class Division ◽  
The North ◽  
Research Orientation ◽  
The People ◽  
Political Views ◽  
History Of

During the time that George Orwell lived, the Britain society was on the edge of development and fluctuation, the north-south divide was an issue discussed by journalists and politics, nationally and regionally. George Orwell, by traveling up and down in the whole English territory, wrote down what exactly he saw and experienced in 1930s. In Road to Wigan Pier, he depicted the unemployment and living conditions in North of England, as well as the class division and his potential political views. Road to Wigan Pier influences historical and literature scholars and triggers huge amount of debates on the politics, economy and history of England. Most importantly, it is both a mirror of England in 1930s and a future-teller of the modern society that we are living in. As Benjamin Jonson has claimed, “ He was not of an age, but for all time!”. Most scholars consider the novel is in two parts: the first is the people he met and his physical experience in Wigan, Barnsley and Sheffield (the north). The second is his critical view on socialism in England and the middle class. In Road to Wigan Pier, and contemplating his personal background, what we can conclude is that George Orwell is a novelist, and he is neither a “north” nor a “south”. We have no persuading reasons of his work is not as the same value as those first-hand such as scientific data and photography. However, it is worth analysing his work with the record of the broad social condition in England. As a novelist and an outsider, we can see from the whole novel Road to Wigan Pier that he has his own perspectives on “northernness” from the aspects of employment, working-class and class difference. All these comments of George Orwell, since subjective and personal, especially trigger the politics’ thinking and the improve the social research orientation.

FROM THE HISTORY OF COMMERCIAL RELATIONS IN THE STATE OF AMIR TEMUR AND THE CHINESE (MIN) EMPIRE

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Sardor N. Kenzhaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
World Trade ◽  
The State ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Historical Literature ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Trade Route

This article discusses trade relations with China during the reign of Amir Temur, a blow to the northern trade route bypassing the people of the Chigatay ulus and the wider participation of southern cities in world trade and economic relations between the state of Amir Temur and the Chinese (Minsk) dynasty, relations were carried out in mainly through East Turkestan, the trade routes passing through this region and the characteristics of the roads were analyzed. Also, a comparative analysis of historical literature data highlights the main trade products related to the value of silk, tea, porcelain in the state of Amir Temur's horses in China

Sahadi's: A Family Affair

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
jason leahey
Keyword(s):  
Customer Service ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Customer Base ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Business Philosophy

This story details the history, wares, and business philosophy of the Sahadi Importing Company, a third-generation Lebanese-American family food business in Brooklyn. It begins by noting the ways Brooklyn's commercial and cultural landscapes have drastically changed over the past few years, positioning Sahadi's as a local throwback to the borough of yore still thriving next to the powerful and national businesses that are now its neighbors. It then relates the history of the store and the family, starting in 1895 up until 2012, relating the growth from small ethnic importer on the Lower East Side of Manhattan to the successful importer/manufacturer with a broad customer base that it is today. The essay attributes credit for the health of the business to the owner's emphasis on the personal touch in customer service, noting that he considers his business’ character as a family institution, not its financial success, his proudest accomplishment. Lastly, the essay relates the owner's pride in having an ethnically diverse staff and his belief that the people who comprise a family need not necessarily be related by blood, positing that Sahadi's family business may more accurately be considered business-as-family, and that such a warm attitude that emphasizes the individual is a small taste of the locally oriented America of the past.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Leadership Style of the Head of the Library (Case Study of UPT Bung Karno Library Blitar)

AL Maktabah ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Suci Nurrahma Kuswati
Keyword(s):  
Customer Service ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Democratic Leadership ◽  
The People ◽  
The Public Sphere

The issue of leadership today is an interesting one to discuss in management. Leadership in organizations / agencies in the public sphere is more widely discussed, because it is directly related to the surrounding community. The library is one of the institutions in the service and service sector that is directly related to the community. Libraries are then divided into two, namely public libraries and special libraries. The UPT of Bung Krno's Proclamator Library is a special plus library managed by the National Library of Indonesia (PNRI) for the people of Blitar City in particular and in general Indonesian people, tasked with improving Indonesian culture and civilization through the thoughts and actions of great people. This research uses a case study research method with a qualitative design. Data obtained from observations, interviews and literature studies, constrained access to and from outside the city due to the Covid-19 pandemic, this paper conducts interviews via online media with assistance from customer service. Interviews were replaced by filling out closed questionnaires to 10 (ten) employees in the UPT Bung Karno Library. The result of this research is that the head of Bung Karno Library's UPT uses democratic leadership in leading agencies.Key words: leadership, special library, UPT Bung Karno Library, democratic leadership.

Impact of Garrison and Base on the City

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon James
Keyword(s):  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Qualitative Change ◽  
Second Century ◽  
Incremental Change ◽  
The People ◽  
Military Camp ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Boom ◽  
The Military ◽  
The City

What effect did the military base and the people who occupied it have on Dura-Europos, as both civil community and urban landscape? It was clearly profound, seen in the military transfiguration of so much of the city’s fabric. But was it as traumatic and negative as Rostovtzeff and his colleagues envisaged, with a once-proud Greek polis reduced to a diminished, cowed, and brutalized satellite village of a Roman military camp? Or was it indeed more benign or even positive, seeing cordial shared urban prosperity based on a military-pay-induced economic boom, as more recent commentators like Stoll, Reeve, Sommer, and Ruffing have variously sketched? What does the new study of the archaeological evidence indicate? In some ways, it is now clear that impact of the military was even greater than the Yale expedition realized. As we have seen, the base area included the Citadel and most or even all of the N branch of the inner wadi, and so was significantly larger than hitherto thought. On the other hand, far from being the result of a sudden, short, massively disruptive episode of appropriation, conversion, demolition, and building c.210 as envisaged by Rostovtzeff, the base evolved incrementally over half a century, apparently beginning with the Palmyrene archers’ cantonment of the later 160s. This reflected a history of residence of substantial Roman regular forces in the city starting considerably earlier than previously envisaged, correspondingly characterized by incremental change. On present evidence, instead of massively expanding c.210, resident troop numbers may have peaked c.190, with little or no increase when the garrison was reshaped c.210, which episode saw qualitative change (replacement of some auxilia by legionaries), rather than quantitative. We have no clear evidence of significant subsequent variation in troop levels between the 210s and 250, although these cannot be ruled out. There was, then, a large presence of Roman troops inside the walls during the last decades of the second century, as well as the first half of the third. This has significant implications for wider political history, as well as local affairs.

Digging the history. Absolute chronology of the settlement complex at Czermno-Cherven’ (eastern Poland). Research status and perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Dzieńkowski ◽  
Marcin Wołoszyn ◽  
Iwona Florkiewicz ◽  
Radosław Dobrowolski ◽  
Jan Rodzik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Qualitative Change ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Research Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Absolute Dating ◽  
First Time ◽  
Radiocarbon Datings

The article discusses the results of the latest interdisciplinary research of Czermno stronghold and its immediate surroundings. The site is mentioned in chroniclers’ entries referring to the stronghold Cherven’ (Tale of Bygone Years, first mention under the year 981) and the so-called Cherven’ Towns. Given the scarcity of written records regarding the history of today’s Eastern Poland, Ukraine, and Belarus in the 10th and 11th centuries, recent archaeological research, supported by geoenvironmental analyses and absolute dating, brought a significant qualitative change. In 2014 and 2015, the remains of the oldest rampart of the stronghold were uncovered for the first time. A series of radiocarbon datings allows us to refer the erection of the stronghold to the second half/late 10th century. The results of several years’ interdisciplinary research (2012-2020) introduce qualitatively new data to the issue of the Cherven’ Towns, which both change current considerations and confirm the extraordinary research potential in the archeology of the discussed region.

“The Fumes of Polonism and the Stench of Herzenism”: “Vestnik Zapadnoy Rossii” Against Class Revolution and Clas Reaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 118-134
Author(s):  
Aleksandr E. Kotov
Keyword(s):  
Short History ◽  
South West ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Stereotypical Image

The journal of Ksenofont A. Govorsky “Vestnik Yugo-Zapadnoy I Zapadnoy Rossii” (“South-West and West Russia Herald”) is known in the history of pubic thought as odious and reactionary. However, this stereotypical image needs some revision: the anti-Polish discourse on the pages of the magazine was not so much nationalistic as anti-aristocratic in nature. Considering the “Poles” primarily as carriers of the aristocratic principles, the editorial board of the magazine claimed to protect the broad masses of the people. Throughout its short history, the magazine consistently opposed both revolutionary and aristocratic propaganda. However, the regional limitations of the problems covered in the magazine did not give it the opportunity to reflect on the essential closeness of the revolutionary and reactionary principles. Yu.F. Samarin and I.S. Aksakov – whose conservative-democratic views, on the whole, were close to “Western Russianism”, promoted by the authors of “Vestnik Yugo-Zapadnoy I Zapadnoy Rossii”, managed to reach that goal.

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