Serum levels of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls among inhabitants of Greater Metropolitan Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Levels of persistent organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were determined in the blood serum of people living and working in the urban area of greater Rio de Janeiro city. Blood samples from 33 volunteers (16 males, 17 females, 19-63 years old) were taken in January 1999. OCP residues (op'DDT, pp'DDT, pp'DDD, pp'DDE, Aldrin, Dieldrin, Endrin, Heptachlor, Heptachlor-epoxide, alpha-, beta- and gamma-Hexachlorocyclo-hexane, Hexachlorobenzene) and PCBs (congeners: 28, 52, 101, 138, 153, 180) were extracted with n-hexane and analyzed by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Except for pp'DDE (detection limit = 1.4µg/L) no other OCP residue was found in the samples. No PCB congener (detection limit = 2.0µg/L) was detected either. pp'DDE was found in 17 out of 33 samples in concentrations that ranged from 1.4 to 8.4 µg/L of serum or, on a fat basis, from 0.200 to 3.452 µg/g of serum lipids. Percentage of positive samples (%) and levels of pp'DDE (range of positive samples) increased from the youngest to the oldest group (<=29 yrs: 10%, 0.278µg/g; 30-39 yrs: 60%, 0.200-0.765µg/g; > or = 40 yrs: 77%, 0.257-3.452µg/g).

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Levels of organochlorine pesticides in the blood serum of agricultural workers from Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x1998000700005 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 14 (suppl 3) ◽

pp. S33-S39 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Francisco José Roma Paumgartten ◽

Isabella Fernandes Delgado ◽

Elba Santos Oliveira ◽

Irene Baptista Alleluia ◽

Heloisa H.C. Barretto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organochlorine Pesticides ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Agricultural Workers ◽

Age Group ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

Exposed Population ◽

Occupationally Exposed ◽

Alpha Beta ◽

Janeiro State

Serum levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCP) were measured in agricultural workers from Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Blood samples from 26 volunteers (24 males, 02 females, 17-60 years old) were taken in October 1997. OCP residues (op'DDT pp'DDT, pp'DDD, pp'DDE, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor, heptachlor-epoxide, alpha-, beta- and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane, and hexachlorobenzene) were analyzed by gas chromatography with an electron capture detector. Tests detected pp'DDE in 16 out of 26 samples, but pp'DDE concentration exceeded 1.4 µg/L (i.e. 1.8, 2.4 and 4.4 µg/L) in only 3 of these. beta-HCH was found in 6 (23.1%) out of 26 samples. In one sample beta-HCH did not exceed 1.4 µg/L, but in the remaining samples concentrations ranged from 1.4 to 5.3 µg/L. The percentage of positive pp'DDE samples increased from the youngest (£29 yrs: 30.0%) to the oldest age group (³ 40 yrs: 100%). A similar trend was found for beta-HCH contamination (£ 29 yrs: 0%; 30-39 yrs: 20.0%; ³40 yrs: 66.7%). Dieldrin (3.7 µg/L) was found in only one sample. No other OCP residue was found in the samples. Serum concentrations of OCPs found in this study are comparable to levels reported for the non-occupationally exposed population in Brazil and elsewhere.

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Determination of polychlorinated biphenyls, selected persistent organochlorine pesticides, and polybrominated flame retardants in fillets of fishes from the 2007 Missouri Department of Conservation Monitoring Program

Open-File Report ◽

10.3133/ofr20091053 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Robert W. Gale ◽

Carl E. Orazio ◽

Michael J. McKee

Keyword(s):

Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽

Organochlorine Pesticides ◽

Flame Retardants ◽

Monitoring Program ◽

Persistent Organochlorine

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Multiresidue Determination of Organochlorine Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Milk by Gas Chromatography with Electron-Capture Detection after Extraction by Matrix Solid-Phase Dispersion

Journal of AOAC International ◽

10.1093/jaoac/84.5.1561 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 84 (5) ◽

pp. 1561-1568 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Cristina Yagüe ◽

Susana Bayarri ◽

Regina Lázaro ◽

Pilar Conchello ◽

Agustín Ariño ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽

Organochlorine Pesticides ◽

Electron Capture ◽

Analytical Method ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Electron Capture Detection ◽

Matrix Solid Phase Dispersion ◽

Phase Dispersion ◽

Repeatability And Reproducibility

Abstract A multiresidue analytical method based on matrix solid-phase dispersion was developed to analyze liquid milk for 22 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and 6 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Initial extraction is performed by loading 3 mL milk onto a 2.0 g octadecyl (C18)-bonded silica cartridge with n-hexane as the eluant. Neutral alumina column chromatography with sodium sulfate as the drying agent is used for further cleanup. The eluate is concentrated to 0.5 mL, and target analytes are determined by capillary gas chromatography with electron-capture detection. The optimized method was validated by determining accuracy (recovery percentages), precision (repeatability and reproducibility), and sensitivity (detection and quantitation limits) from analyses of milk samples fortified at 10 and 1 μg/L levels. Average recoveries were between 74 and 106% for all residues except β-HCH, β-endosulfan, and endosulfan sulfate. Both repeatability and reproducibility relative standard deviation values were < 22% for all residues. Detection limits ranged from 0.02 to 0.12 μg/L and quantitation limits were between 0.02 and 0.62 μg/L. The proposed analytical method may be used as a fast and simple procedure in routine determinations of OCPs and PCBs in milk.

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Sulfuric Acid Cleanup and KOH-Ethanol Treatment for Confirmation of Organochlorine Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls: Application to Wastewater Samples

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/70.4.727 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 70 (4) ◽

pp. 727-733

Author(s):

Felix HernÁndez HernÁndez ◽

Francisco J.López Benet ◽

Julio Medina Escriche ◽

Juan C.Barberá Ubeda

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Sulfuric Acid ◽

Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽

Organochlorine Pesticides ◽

Electron Capture ◽

Diethyl Ether ◽

Organochlorine Compounds ◽

Electron Capture Detection ◽

Ethanol Treatment ◽

Wastewater Samples

Abstract The efficacy of sulfuric acid cleanup and KOH-ethanol hydrolysis confirmation was studied for 22 organochlorine pesticides and 2 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Mean recoveries for different treatment times are given. The method was applied to analysis of several wastewater samples by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Organochlorine compounds were extracted by using separatory funnels and 15% diethyl ether in hexane as extractant. All the compounds studied could be analyzed except trifluralin, dichloran, dieldrin, and endrin, which were destroyed after treatment with concentrated H2S04. The pesticides found most commonly in the samples analyzed were fenson, tetradifon, lindane, methoxychlor, and dicofol.

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Determination of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in human serum using headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-electron capture detection

Journal of Chromatography B ◽

10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.09.009 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 846 (1-2) ◽

pp. 298-305 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Raul López ◽

Fernando Goñi ◽

Arsenio Etxandia ◽

Esmeralda Millán

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽

Human Serum ◽

Organochlorine Pesticides ◽

Electron Capture ◽

Solid Phase Microextraction ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Electron Capture Detection ◽

Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction

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Determination of Organochlorine Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls Residues in Municipal Solid Waste Compost by Gas Chromatography with Electron?Capture Detection

Chromatographia ◽

10.1365/s10337-004-0304-y ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 59 (11-12) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

C. Lourencetti ◽

S. Navickiene ◽

M. L. Ribeiro ◽

M. Santiago?Silva

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Organochlorine Pesticides ◽

Electron Capture ◽

Electron Capture Detection ◽

Municipal Solid Waste Compost

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Persistent organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers in fish from coastal waters off Savannah, GA, USA

Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry ◽

10.1080/02772240701270047 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 90 (1) ◽

pp. 81-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Kenneth S. Sajwan ◽

Kurunthachalam Senthil Kumar ◽

Suresh Nune ◽

Annette Fowler ◽

Joseph P. Richardson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽

Organochlorine Pesticides ◽

Coastal Waters ◽

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers ◽

Persistent Organochlorine ◽

Diphenyl Ethers

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Rapid Method for Trace Determination of Organochlorine Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Yogurt

Journal of AOAC International ◽

10.1093/jaoac/85.5.1181 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 85 (5) ◽

pp. 1181-1186 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Cristina Yagüe ◽

Antonio Herrera ◽

Agustín Ariño ◽

Regina Lázaro ◽

Susana Bayarri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽

Organochlorine Pesticides ◽

Reversed Phase ◽

Electron Capture Detection ◽

Trace Determination ◽

Neutral Alumina ◽

Relative Standard ◽

Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽

Concentration Levels

Abstract A new multiresidue method was developed for the analysis of 19 organochlorine pesticides and 6 polychlorinated biphenyls in yogurt. The sample was extracted twice with acetone by homogenization with an Ultra-Turrax dispersing unit, and the combined extracts were filtered. The extract was then purified by reversed-phase C18 columns and subjected to further cleanup with neutral alumina columns. The residues were determined by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. After the method was optimized, it was validated by determination of recovery percentages, precision (repeatability and reproducibility), and sensitivity (detection and quantitation limits) with yogurt samples fortified at 10 and 1 μg/kg concentration levels. The recovery of 23 organochlorine residues ranged from 77 to 95% at a level of 10 μg/kg, from 74 to 102% at a level of 1 μg/kg, and between 54 and 61% for dieldrin and α-endosulfan. The method is repeatable and reproducible, with relative standard deviation values <19% for all residues except dieldrin. Detection and quantitation limits were between 0.02 and 0.62 μg/kg. The analytical method proposed was quick, accurate, repeatable, and reproducible for the determination of organochlorine residues in yogurt samples.

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