scholarly journals Dermoscopic findings in female androgenetic alopecia

2012 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 691-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lya Duarte Ramos ◽  
Maria Cândida Nahás Santili ◽  
Fabiane Castilho Bezerra ◽  
Maria de Fátima Maklouf Amorim Ruiz ◽  
Valeria Petri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Androgenetic Alopecia ◽  
Excellent Tool

BACKGROUND: Androgenetic alopecia is the most common form of hair loss. It is a clinical entity of relevant interest and presents a significant psychosocial impact as it undermines self-esteem and quality of life in female patients due to the importance of the hair for people's facial balance. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study is to evaluate dermoscopic signs in women clinically diagnosed with androgenetic alopecia. METHOD: Observational study with 34 women between 17 and 68 years old who were diagnosed with androgenetic alopecia. All of them underwent photographic sessions with a 10x magnification dermoscope and a digital camera zoom set to 20x magnification and 40x magnification on the scalp frontal midline. RESULTS: All patients showed miniaturization. A peripilar brown halo was found in 22 patients, honeycomb-like scalp pigmentation was found in 14 and yellow dots in only 1 patient. Recent studies show dermoscopy as the new tool for diagnosis assistance and treatment follow up in scalp disorders. Our study used an ordinary dermoscope and we evaluated several findings reported in the literature with significant clarity and easiness. CONCLUSION: The dermoscope, which is used by dermatologists on a daily basis, is an excellent tool to assist in early diagnosis and assessment of therapeutic response in androgenetic alopecia.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a positive psychotherapy group intervention for people with psychosis: pilot randomised controlled trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beate Schrank ◽  
Tamsin Brownell ◽  
Zivile Jakaite ◽  
Charley Larkin ◽  
Francesca Pesola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Group Intervention ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Positive Psychotherapy ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Aims.Third-wave psychological interventions have gained relevance in mental health service provision but their application to people with psychosis is in its infancy and interventions targeting wellbeing in psychosis are scarce. This study tested the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of positive psychotherapy adapted for people with psychosis (WELLFOCUS PPT) to improve wellbeing.Methods.WELLFOCUS PPT was tested as an 11-week group intervention in a convenience sample of people with psychosis in a single centre randomised controlled trial (ISRCTN04199273) involving 94 people with psychosis. Patients were individually randomised in blocks to receive either WELLFOCUS PPT in addition to treatment as usual (TAU), or TAU only. Assessments took place before randomisation and after the therapy. The primary outcome was wellbeing (Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale, WEMWBS). Secondary outcomes included symptoms (Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale), depression (Short Depression-Happiness Scale), self-esteem, empowerment, hope, sense of coherence, savouring beliefs and functioning, as well as two alternative measures of wellbeing (the Positive Psychotherapy Inventory and Quality of Life). Intention-to-treat analysis was performed. This involved calculating crude changes and paired-sample t-tests for all variables, as well as ANCOVA and Complier Average Causal Effect (CACE) Analysis to estimate the main effect of group on all outcomes.Results.The intervention and trial procedures proved feasible and well accepted. Crude changes between baseline and follow-up showed a significant improvement in the intervention group for wellbeing according to all three concepts assessed (i.e., WEMWBS, Positive Psychotherapy Inventory and Quality of Life), as well as for symptoms, depression, hope, self-esteem and sense of coherence. No significant changes were observed in the control group. ANCOVA showed no main effect on wellbeing according to the primary outcome scale (WEMWBS) but significant effects on symptoms (p = 0.006, ES = 0.42), depression (p = 0.03, ES = 0.38) and wellbeing according to the Positive Psychotherapy Inventory (p = 0.02, ES = 0.30). Secondary analysis adapting for therapy group further improved the results for symptom reduction (p = 0.004, ES = 0.43) and depression (p = 0.03, ES = 0.41) but did not lead to any more outcomes falling below the p = 0.05 significance level. CACE analysis showed a non-significant positive association between the intervention and WEMWBS scores at follow-up (b = 0.21, z = 0.9, p = 0.4).Conclusions.This study provides initial evidence on the feasibility of WELLFOCUS PPT in people with psychosis, positively affecting symptoms and depression. However, more work is needed to optimise its effectiveness. Future research might evaluate positive psychotherapy as a treatment for comorbid depression in psychosis, and consider alternative measurements of wellbeing.

Occupational Performance, Self-Esteem, and Quality of Life in Substance Addictions Recovery

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda M. Martin ◽  
Michelle Bliven ◽  
Rosemary Boisvert
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Therapy Services ◽  
Version 2.0 ◽  
Recovery Program

A non-randomized pretest—posttest design was used to evaluate changes in occupational performance, self-esteem, and quality of life among clients completing a substance abuse recovery program that included occupational therapy services addressing life skills. Seventy-five clients participated in intake and discharge assessment (4- to 6-month interval) that used the Occupational Performance History Interview (Version 2.0), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Quality of Life Rating scale. A limited number of follow-up interviews at 3 and 6 months were also conducted. Marked improvement with significant differences and large effect sizes were found between intake and discharge scores for all measures. Most clients scored in the range of moderate occupational dysfunction at discharge, when their highest performance level was seen. Follow-up data revealed that occupational performance declined at 3 months and improved again at 6 months. Change in occupational performance is clearly reflected in the recovery process, but recovery is challenged when clients leave the supportive halfway house environment.

scholarly journals The role of family functioning and self-esteem in the quality of life of adolescents referred for psychiatric services: a 3-year follow-up

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 2443-2452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Jozefiak ◽  
Hanne K. Greger ◽  
Hans M. Koot ◽  
Christian A. Klöckner ◽  
Jan L. Wallander
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Family Functioning ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Psychiatric Services

Internet-based Interpretation Bias Modification for body dissatisfaction: A three-armed randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanny Alexandra Dietel ◽  
Carina Zache ◽  
Paul - Christian Bürkner ◽  
Johanna Schulte ◽  
Martin Möbius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Stress Reactivity ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Interpretation Bias ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Bias Modification

Objective: Appearance-related interpretation bias is postulated to play a role in the maintenance of body dissatisfaction, a risk factor for body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and eating disorders (ED). Cognitive Bias Modification for Interpretation (CBM-I) has been shown to reduce interpretation bias and symptoms in emotional disorders. This study investigated the acceptability and efficacy of web-based, appearance-related CBM-I for body dissatisfaction in a three-armed randomized controlled trial.Methods: Participants with high body dissatisfaction (N = 318) were randomized to multi-session CBM-I (Sentence Word Association Paradigm, SWAP, with feedback) vs. control (SWAP without feedback) vs. waitlist condition. Body dissatisfaction, BDD symptoms, self-esteem, depression and quality of life were assessed at baseline and post-intervention. Symptoms were monitored up to one-week and four-week follow up. We further investigated video-based stress reactivity at post-intervention.Results: CBM-I led to a differential pre-post increase in adaptive interpretation patterns, particularly for appearance-related and social situations (d = 0.65-1.18). Both CBM-I and control training reduced body dissatisfaction, BDD symptom severity and depression. However, CBM-I (vs. control and waitlist) improved appearance-related quality of life (d = 0.51), self-esteem (d = 0.52), and maladaptive appearance-related beliefs (d = 0.47). State stress reactivity was overall reduced in the CBM-I group (vs. waitlist). Intervention effects largely held stable up to follow-up. Treatment satisfaction for appearance-related CBM-I was comparable to other CBM-I studies, with overall low rates of adverse reactions. Discussion: These findings support assumptions of cognitive-behavioral models for body dissatisfaction, BDD and ED, and suggest that CBM-I is an efficacious and acceptable intervention.

scholarly journals Daganatos betegekben kialakult másodlagos nyiroködéma ellátása

2016 ◽  
Vol 157 (13) ◽  
pp. 488-494
Author(s):  
Enikő Wenczl
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Oncological Patients

Due to the increased number of cancer patients and the progress in cancer treatment, there are more cases with cancer-related lymphedema. Lymphedema treatment became part of oncological patients’ care. Basic therapy for lymphedema is the complex decongestive therapy, which should be embedded into the patient’s comprehensive medical care and should always be determined individually. Results of therapy are influenced by the experience of the doctor and the physiotherapist in lymphedema care, patient’s complience, tumor behavior and the accompanying diseases. Lymphedema is a chronic disease, requires lifelong follow-up and treatment. For prevention and better care, it would be important to inform patients about lymphedema risk and appropriate life-style (e.g. weight control) preoperatively and during oncological follow-up. Early diagnosis is important. Lymphedema treatment should be integrated into palliative programmes. If therapy is started in time, complications may be avoided, healthcare costs may be reduced and better quality of life may be achieved. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(13), 488–494.

scholarly journals A new paradigm of screening and early diagnosis: assessment of benefits and harms

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 589-602
Author(s):  
Давид Заридзе ◽  
Dmitry Maksimovich ◽  
Ivan Stilidi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
New Paradigm

Abstract The article presents scientific evidence that confirms the new paradigm that  “early” diagnosis is not always beneficial, and that screening and early diagnosis can do more harm than good. As a result, of screening, in a number of cases, lesions are diagnosed that, although have histological patterns of cancer, are often clinically insignificant, indolent i.e. overdiagnosis takes place. Such lesions primarily include latent cancers of the prostate and thyroid gland. An increase in the incidence of certain types of cancers in the United States and other developed countries, as a result, of the introduction of PSA screening, mammography, ultrasound examination of the neck and other highly sensitive diagnostic methods, with stable or decreasing mortality, is a sign of overdiagnosis. In Russia, there is also a marked increase in the incidence of cancer of the prostate, breast, thyroid, kidney and melanoma, while mortality from these forms of cancer is stable or decreasing. The increase in the incidence of all malignant formations in Russian, as in American men, is determined by the increase in the incidence of prostate cancer. In randomized clinical trials of the efficacy of screening for prostate and breast cancer, an excess of the detected cases of cancer in the screening group compared with the control group indicates overdiagnosis. With an increase in follow-up (10-15 years), the number of excess cases in the screening group decreases. However, in some studies even after 10-15 years of follow-up, the excess of cancer cases in the screening group persisted, i.e. overdiagnosis was confirmed. Thus, the problem of overdiagnosis is also relevant to controlled clinical trials, despite a well-verified protocol and strict adherence to it. The danger of overdiagnosis in real life, daily practice, and especially with opportunistic screening, which, by definition, is carried out without quality control, is much higher. Overdiagnosis often leads to unnecessary, sometimes excessive treatment and a deterioration in the quality of life of patients who are not cancer patients. Refusal of aggressive therapy and active follow-up should be the method of choice for the management of patients with asymptomatic neoplasms identified at the screening. Such tactics will avoid unnecessary and excessive interventions, which, in turn, will prevent a deterioration in the quality of life of patients and, in addition, will reduce the cost of treatment. Key words: overdiagnosis, screening, early diagnosis, trends in incidence and mortality, prostate cancer, breast cancer, thyroid cancer

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