scholarly journals Dietary reference intakes: aplicabilidade das tabelas em estudos nutricionais

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 741-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Maria Padovani ◽  
Jaime Amaya-Farfán ◽  
Fernando Antonio Basile Colugnati ◽  
Semíramis Martins Álvares Domene
Keyword(s):  
Recommended Dietary Allowance ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Adequate Intake ◽  
Dietary Reference Intakes ◽  
Dietary Allowance ◽  
Intake Level ◽  
Health Canada

As avaliações de dietas e o planejamento de consumo são atividades tradicionalmente realizadas por meio da comparação de médias de ingestão contra valores de referência de energia e nutrientes, seja para indivíduos ou grupos. Limitações de ordem técnica devem ser levadas em conta, sem as quais se pode chegar a conclusões equivocadas quanto ao atendimento das necessidades nutricionais. As Recomendações Nutricionais propostas pelo Institute of Medicine dos Estados Unidos, em conjunto com a agência Health Canada, a partir de 1997, conhecidas como Dietary Reference Intakes, representam um novo paradigma para o estabelecimento de indicadores nutricionais de consumo, ao aperfeiçoarem o uso do conceito de risco na avaliação de dietas. Fontes de erro intra ou interindividuais, devidas à variabilidade de padrão de consumo e decorrentes da distribuição das necessidades na população, aliadas a um pequeno número de dias de observação, têm grande impacto sobre a confiabilidade da análise. Por esta razão devem orientar a utilização dos valores, que foram organizados em tabelas com as quatro categorias de nutrientes, publicadas entre 1997 e 2005. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo destacar algumas características de aplicação e consolidar os valores diários de Tolerable Upper Intake Level, Adequate Intake e Recommended Dietary Allowance, facilitando a consulta por parte de profissionais e estudantes da área de nutrição.

Vitamin D: Recommendations during Pregnancy, Lactation and Early Infancy

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Carol L. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Early Infancy ◽  
Recommended Dietary Allowance ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Dietary Allowance ◽  
Intake Level ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Current Guidelines

Vitamin D recommendations are shifting. The Institute of Medicine recently revised the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) from 200 to 400 international units (IU), the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) from 400 to 600 international units (IU), and increased the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) from 2,000 to 4,000 IU per day. What does this mean for the pregnant and lactating woman? To answer this question, current guidelines are described and adapted excerpts from a recent book on the subject are provided.

scholarly journals Mineral Composition of Lentils: Physiological Functions, Antinutritional Effects, and Bioavailability Enhancement

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Asmaa Benayad ◽  
Youssef Aboussaleh
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Antinutritional Factors ◽  
Recommended Dietary Allowance ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Adequate Intake ◽  
Bioavailability Enhancement ◽  
Dietary Allowance

Lentil (Lens culinaris) is an important nutritious crop, grown and consumed throughout the world due to its high macro- and micronutrients contents, including minerals. Minerals have several beneficial influences on human health. Thus, lentils play a major role in food security, particularly among low-income countries. The current review aims to highlight the present knowledge on the mineral composition of lentils, compare it with the recommended dietary allowance and adequate intake of minerals, investigate the literature regarding its physiological role, give detailed information on different antinutritional factors preventing its bioavailability, and present adopted solutions to enhance the bioavailability of minerals in lentil seeds. Thereby, a literature search was conducted using reliable sources: Elsevier, Springer, PubMed, and CrossRef. Based on the previous studies, 100 g of cooked lentils, for example, may be enough to cover the recommended dietary allowance/adequate intake of iron in infants under six months and children aged one to three years. One hundred grams of cooked lentils may also cover the recommended dietary allowance/adequate intake of zinc and magnesium in infants and children aged one to three years. Hence, it is imperative that the scientists continue to show the significance of pulses as a mineral source and their effects on human health. Indeed, lentils should be exploited for a variety of purposes, mainly towards eliminating malnutrition, on the condition of being well-balanced. Lentils should be incorporated either in snacks or while preparing household, school, or hospital meals, particularly in developing countries.

scholarly journals Dietary Reference Intakes: summary of applications in dietary assessment

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (6a) ◽  
pp. 843-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne P Murphy ◽  
Mary I Poos
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Adequate Intake ◽  
Appropriate Use ◽  
Nutrient Adequacy ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Dietary Reference Intakes ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Research Professionals

AbstractObjective:To summarise the applications and appropriate use of Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) as guidance for nutrition and health research professionals in the dietary assessment of groups and individuals.Design:Key points from the Institute of Medicine report, Dietary Reference Intakes: Applications in Dietary Assessment, are summarised in this paper. The different approaches for using DRIs to evaluate the intakes of groups vs. the intakes of individuals are highlighted.Results:Each of the new DRIs is defined and its role in the dietary assessment of groups and individuals is described. Two methods of group assessment and a new method for quantitative assessment of individuals are described. Illustrations are provided on appropriate use of the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR), the Adequate Intake (AI) and the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) in dietary assessment.Conclusions:Dietary assessment of groups or individuals must be based on estimates of usual (long-term) intake. The EAR is the appropriate DRI to use in assessing groups and individuals. The AI is of limited value in assessing nutrient adequacy, and cannot be used to assess the prevalence of inadequacy. The UL is the appropriate DRI to use in assessing the proportion of a group at risk of adverse health effects. It is inappropriate to use the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) or a group mean intake to assess the nutrient adequacy of groups.

Introduction to Dietary Reference Intakes

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan I Barr
Keyword(s):  
Life Stage ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reference Standards ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Gender Group ◽  
Dietary Reference Intakes ◽  
Intake Level ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Almost All

Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are nutrient reference standards used for planning and assessing the diets of apparently healthy Canadians and Americans. The development of DRIs reflects a joint initiative by the United States and Canada to update, expand on, and replace the former Recommended Nutrient Intakes for Canadians and Recommended Dietary Allowances for Americans. DRIs include the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR), Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA), Adequate Intake (AI), and Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL). The EAR is the average daily intake level that meets the requirement of 50% of healthy individuals in a life stage and gender group, whereas the RDA is set at a level that will meet the requirements of almost all (97%-98%) individuals in that life stage and gender group. An AI is a recommended intake level that is thought to meet the needs of almost all healthy individuals, and is set when there are insufficient data to establish an EAR (and therefore an RDA). The UL represents a threshold above which adverse effects of excessive intake may increase. In addition to these DRIs, macro nutrients have an Acceptable Macro nutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) and, for energy, an Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) is described.Key words: nutrient reference standards, nutrient requirements, nutrient toxicity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Contribution of Cassava Staple to the Recommended Dietary Allowance of Selected Nutrients Among the under Five Children in Mtwara Rural District, Tanzania

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-201
Author(s):  
DIANA NICODEMAS ◽  
LEONARD WILLIAM TUNGARAZA FWEJA ◽  
HAPPY STEVEN MAGOHA
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Rural District ◽  
Recommended Dietary Allowance ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Dietary Allowance

This study aimed at evaluating the contribution of cassava recipe in meeting Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of the under five children for the selected nutrients (protein, fat, iron and zinc) in Mtwara rural district. This was achieved by identifying the common cassava recipes and the consumption pattern by using a 24h dietary recall and Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Proximate composition, mineral contents and anti-nutrients (cyanide and phytate contents) were also determined. The rate of consumption of a child was computed based on food portion and consumption frequency in a day. The sufficiency of nutrient of cassava recipes was determined on the basis of the quantity of food eaten per day. Computed nutrient intake was evaluated against the RDA of respective nutrient for respective age category. The findings indicate that the contribution of cassava to the RDAs of the respective nutrients were 19.4% for iron, 21% for zinc, 0.527% for fat and 4.26% for protein among the under five children which is extremely low. The anti-nutrient (phytate) content was far above the tolerable level of 25 mg/100g but cyanide was within the acceptable level. The computed Individual Dietary Diversity Score (IDDS) of 2.5 was similarly far below the target IDDS of 5. This implies an extremely poor dietary diversity indicative of very low consumption of food varieties including those of animal origin. It is thus important to develop strategies which encourage and make easy for dietary diversification among community members in order to complement cassava based recipes with readily available foods rich in macro and micronutrients. The strategy should also consider dietary practices such as control of intake of inhibitors e.g. of iron absorption and increase intake of enhancers of absorption in a given meal. These strategies can also include cassava recipe supplementation and fortification.

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