scholarly journals Thyroid uptake and scintigraphy using 99mTc pertechnetate: standardization in normal individuals

2002 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celso Darío Ramos ◽  
Denise Engelbrecht Zantut Wittmann ◽  
Elba Cristina Sá de Camargo Etchebehere ◽  
Marcos Antonio Tambascia ◽  
Cleide Aparecida Moreira Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Scintillation Camera ◽  
Laboratory Assessment ◽  
99Mtc Pertechnetate ◽  
Lower Radiation Dose ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Thyroid Uptake ◽  
Parallel Hole Collimator ◽  
And Function

CONTEXT: Thyroid uptake and scintigraphy using 99mTc-pertechnetate has proven to be more advantageous than with 131I-iodide, since the images have better quality, the procedure is faster and the patient is submitted to a lower radiation dose. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to standardize a simple and fast methodology for performing thyroid uptake and scintigraphy and to determine the normal values for 99mTc- pertechnetate uptake. TYPE OF STUDY: Prospective, non-randomized. SETTING: Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, School of Medical Sciences, Campinas State University. PARTICIPANTS: The study consisted of 47 normal individuals, 30 women and 17 men, with ages ranging from 19 to 61 years (mean of 33 years). PROCEDURES: The laboratory assessment of thyroid function consisted of serum dosages of ultra-sensitive thyroxin and thyrotrophin. Twenty minutes after an intravenous injection of 10 mCi (370 MBq) of 99mTc-pertechnetate, the images were obtained on a computerized scintillation camera equipped with a low-energy high-resolution parallel hole collimator. RESULTS: All the individuals were euthyroid both on clinical and laboratory evaluation. The baseline thyroid 99mTc-pertechnetate uptake ranged from 0.4 to 1.7%. The uptake values obtained in these normal individuals showed that 95% presented a thyroid uptake that ranged from 0.4 to 1.5% of the injected dose. CONCLUSION: The assessment of thyroid structure and function using 99mTc-pertechnetate is a simple, fast and efficient method, which could easily become a part of the routine studies in nuclear medicine laboratories.

Tc-99m Labeled Complexes of Aldehydes and Glutamate as Cholescintigraphic Agents

1975 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 330-338
Author(s):  
L. G. Colombetti ◽  
J. S. Arnold ◽  
W. E. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Rose Bengal ◽  
Valence State ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Scintillation Camera ◽  
Blood Clearance ◽  
Lower Valence ◽  
Wire Basket

SummaryTc-99m pyridoxylidene glutamate has proven to be an excellent biliary scanning agent, far superior in many respect to the commonly used 1-131 rose bengal. The preparation of the compound as previously reported by Baker et al is too time consuming and requires the use of an autoclave which is not available in most nuclear medicine departments. In our facility, we have been preparing similar compounds using several aldehydes and monosodium glutamate to make labeled complexes having the same pharmacological characteristics. The mixture of monosodium glutamate, aldehyde, and Tc-99m pertechnetate is made slightly alkaline, purged with helium, and placed in a sealed vial. The vial, which is protected by a wire basket, is then heated in a laboratory oven at 130° C for a period of 15 to 20 minutes. During this time, the technetium is reduced to a lower valence state and bound to the complex formed. Chromatographic data show that these compounds are chemically similar to that previously reported. The compounds prepared concentrate in the gall bladder of the rabbit in less than 10 minutes. Kinetic studies have been performed on dogs with a scintillation camera and small digital computer to measure rates of blood clearance, liver and gall bladder uptake, and excretion into the intestine. The aldehyde — glutamate complex promises to be a useful scanning agent for the diagnosis of biliary and hepatocellular diseases.

The Study on the Clinical Phenotype and Function of HPRT1 Gene

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Guo ◽  
Yucai Chen ◽  
Longlong Lin ◽  
Yilin Wang ◽  
Anqi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Protein Translation ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Second Generation Sequencing ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
And Function ◽  
Neurogenetic Disease ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Abstract Background: Lesch-Nyhan disease (LND) is a rare x-linked purine metabolic neurogenetic disease caused by enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoriribosyltransferase(HGprt) deficiency, also known as self-destructive appearance syndrome. A series of manifestations are caused by abnormal purine metabolism. The typical clinical manifestations are hyperuricemia, growth retardation, mental retardation, short stature, dance-like athetosis, aggressive behavior, and compulsive self-harm.. Results: we identified a point mutation c.151C > T (p. Arg51*) in a pedigree. We analyzed the clinical characteristics of children in a family, and obtained the blood of their parents and siblings for second-generation sequencing. At the same time, we also analyzed and compared the expression of HPRT1 gene and predicted the three-dimensional structure of the protein. And we analyzed the clinical manifestations caused by the defect of the HPRT1 genethe mutation led to the termination of transcription at the 51st arginine, resulting in the production of truncated protein, and the relative expression of HPRT1 gene in patients was significantly lower than other family members and 10 normal individuals. Conclusion: this mutation leads to the early termination of protein translation and the formation of a truncated HPRT protein, which affects the function of the protein and generates corresponding clinical manifestations.

Defining a Strategy for Laboratory Evaluation with Expectant Management of Preeclampsia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella D. Cozzi ◽  
Christina T. Blanchard ◽  
Aalok R. Sanjanwala ◽  
Margaret R. Page ◽  
Dhong-Jin Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expectant Management ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Testing Time ◽  
Laboratory Assessment ◽  
Laboratory Abnormality ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves ◽  
Testing Strategies ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Tertiary Center

Objective The objective of this study was to compare the frequency and timing of laboratory abnormalities and evaluate optimal laboratory testing strategies in women with preeclampsia (PE) undergoing expectant management. Study Design Retrospective cohort study of women with inpatient expectant management of PE at ≥23 weeks at a tertiary center from 2015 to 2018 was conducted. Women ineligible for expectant management or with less than two laboratory sets (platelets, aspartate aminotransferase, and serum creatinine) before the decision to deliver were excluded. Women were categorized as per the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists' definitions by initial diagnosis: PE without severe features, superimposed preeclampsia (SiPE) without severe features, and their forms with severe features. The frequency and timing of laboratory abnormalities were compared across the four PE categories. Kaplan–Meier curves modeled time to a laboratory abnormality (event) with censoring for delivery and were compared using log-rank tests. Logistic regression analysis modeled the development of a laboratory abnormality as a function of testing time intervals (days) for each PE type. Receiver operating characteristic curves and areas under the curve (AUC) were calculated; optimal cut points were determined using the Liu method. Results Among 636 women who met inclusion criteria, laboratory abnormalities were uncommon (6.3%). The median time to a laboratory abnormality among all women was ≤10 days, time being shortest in women with PE with severe features. Time to laboratory abnormality development did not differ significantly between the four PE groups (p = 0.36). Laboratory assessment intervals were most predictive for PE and SiPE with severe features (AUC = 0.87, AUC = 0.72). Optimal cutoffs were every 4 days for PE without severe features, 2 days for PE with severe features, 8 days for SiPE without severe features, and 3 days for SiPE with severe features. Conclusion Most laboratory abnormalities in PE occur earlier and more frequently in those with severe features. Individual phenotypes should undergo serial evaluation based on this risk stratification. Key Points

PLATELET ALPHA2-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR ABNORMALITIES IN PATIENTS WITH IDIOPATHK: SCOLIOSIS

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanina T Wachtfogel ◽  
Yizhar Floman ◽  
Meir Liebergall ◽  
Robert W Colman ◽  
Amiram Eldor
Keyword(s):  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Adrenergic Receptors ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Adenosine Diphosphate ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
Muscle Physiology ◽  
Multisystem Disease ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
And Function ◽  
Induced Aggregation

Idiopathic scoliosis is a genetic multisystem disease involving skeletal, biochemical, central nervous svstem, muscle and blood platelet abnormalities. Platelets of patients with idiopathic scoliosis have been shown to have decreased adenosine diphosphate and epinephrine-induced aggregation. Similarities between the contractile protein system of platelets and muscle have made the platelet a popular model for certain aspects of muscle physiology. This study confirmed that 64% of the patient platelets tested exhibited a significantly decreased sensitivity to aggregation bv epinephrine. In seven of the eleven patients studied, epinephrine induced aggregation was markedly decreased, i.e., the threshold of agonist was markedly elevated ≥11 uM). The geometric mean concentration of epinephrine required to produce complete second-wave aggregation in idiopathic scoliosis patients was 8μM. as compared to a control concentration of luM. We therefore examined the platelet alpha2-adrenergic receptors of 17 patients with idiopathic scoliosis bv measuring ligand binding using the selective antagonist, methyl yohimbine. Platelets from healthv individuals had 185 ± 16 sites per platelet with a Kd of 1.90 ± 0.32 nM, while patients with idiopathic scoliosis had 54 ± 22 sites per platelet with a of 1.02 ± 0.03 nM. The number of binding sites per platelet in idiopathic scoliosis patients were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) as compared to controls , while the was not significantly different (p > 0.05) between the two groups. Seven of these patients exhibited a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the number of alpha2-adrenergic receptors on their platelets while the binding in 7 additional patients was undetectable.Three patients exhibited normal receptor number and affinity as compared to normal individuals. This study indicates a profound alteration in the number and function of the alpha2-adrenergic receptors in platelets of patients with idiopathic scoliosis and indicates the functional heterogeneity of the receptor disorder. Further investigation of platelet abnormalities may give insight into the putative muscle defects.

scholarly journals Laboratory Assessment of HDL Heterogeneity and Function

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 788-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Movva ◽  
Daniel J Rader
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Major Protein ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Laboratory Assessment ◽  
Macrophage Cholesterol Efflux ◽  
And Function

Abstract Background: Plasma concentrations of HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) and its major protein component apolipoprotein (apo) A-I are strongly inversely associated with cardiovascular risk, leading to the concept that therapy to increase HDL-C and apoA-I concentrations would be antiatherosclerotic and protective against cardiovascular events. The recent failure of the drug torcetrapib, a cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitor that substantially increased HDL-C concentrations, has brought focus on the issues of HDL heterogeneity and function as distinct from HDL-C concentrations. Content: This review addresses the current state of knowledge regarding assays of HDL heterogeneity and function and their relationship to cardiovascular disease. HDL is highly heterogeneous, with subfractions that can be identified on the basis of density, size, charge, and protein composition, and the concept that certain subfractions of HDL may be better predictors of cardiovascular risk is attractive. In addition, HDL has been shown to have a variety of functions that may contribute to its cardiovascular protective effects, including promotion of macrophage cholesterol efflux and reverse cholesterol transport and antiinflammatory and nitric oxide–promoting effects. Summary: Robust laboratory assays of HDL subfractions and functions and validation of the usefulness of these assays for predicting cardiovascular risk and assessing response to therapeutic interventions are critically important and of great interest to cardiovascular clinicians and investigators and clinical chemists.

scholarly journals FEMALE INFERTILITY

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 276-285
Author(s):  
KALSOOM AKHTAR ◽  
Mohammad Iftikhar Alam ◽  
MOHAMMAD ANEES ◽  
Farzana Kousar ◽  
NAEEM AHMED LAGHARI
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Supine Position ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Unexplained Infertility ◽  
Imaging Procedures ◽  
Routine Basis ◽  
Tubal Factor ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
And Function ◽  
Work Up

Objective: The main objective of this study was to see the role ofHysterosalpingoscintigraphy (HSSG) in the evaluation of fallopian tube patency and function and its comparison withLaparoscopy. Design: Comparative Study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at BahawalpurInstitute of Nuclear Medicine and Radiotherapy, Bahawalpur during a period of 6 months from 1st March to 31st August2005. Material and Methods: Static HSSG was performed after instillation of 4mCi 99mTc-MAA in posterior vaginalfornix in 40 patients. Images were taken at an interval of 1hr, 2hrs, 3hrs anteriorly in supine position. Results: Out of40 patients, 20 patients had bilateral blocked tubes, 13 patients had bilateral patent tubes, 4 patients had blocked lefttube and 3 patients had blocked right tube. The calculated Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV and NPV for HSSG was 90%,85%, 90% and 90%. The agreement between Laparoscopy and HSSG was found in 36 out of 40 patients.Conclusions: This simple procedure can play an important role in the evaluation of infertility, especially in patients whosuffer from unexplained infertility due to a tubal factor. It was also concluded that HSSG be accepted with the othercorrelative imaging procedures, on a routine basis in work up of infertile females.

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