scholarly journals Sudden infant death syndrome in Brazil: fact or fancy?

2008 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Maia Woida ◽  
Fabiano Pinto Saggioro ◽  
Maria Alice Rossato Ferro ◽  
Luiz Cesar Peres
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Brazilian Literature ◽  
True Incidence ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Live Births ◽  
The City

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The true incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in Brazil is unknown. The aim here was to identify SIDS cases in the city of Ribeirão Preto, State of São Paulo, between 2000 and 2005, in order to estimate its incidence. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective analysis of data on live births and infant deaths in Ribeirão Preto and from autopsies of infants performed at the Death Verification Service of the Interior (SVOI) between 2000 and 2005. RESULTS: There were 47,356 live births and 537 deaths, with infant mortality rates ranging from 12.9‰ to 10.9‰ of live births. Among the 24 infants who died possibly due to SIDS and who were autopsied at the SVOI, six were from families living in the municipality (0.13‰ of live births): three (50%) were diagnosed as SIDS, and one each (16.66%) as indeterminate cause, bronchoaspiration and cerebral edema. Two deaths occurred in the first month of life (33.33%) and one each (16.66%) at two, four, six and eight months. Two deaths each (33.33%) occurred in the months of February and December, one each in August and October (16.66%). Four cases (66.7%) occurred in the summer and one each (16.66%) in winter and spring. There was 5:1 predominance of males over females. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of SIDS was lower than what has been reported worldwide and in the Brazilian literature, thus suggesting underdiagnosis, indicating the lack of any specific postmortem protocol for SIDS identification and showing the need to implement this.

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) in Denmark: Evaluation of the Increasing Incidence of Registered SIDS in the Period 1972 to 1983 and Results of a Prospective Study in 1987 through 1988

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 855-859
Author(s):  
Karin Helweg-Larsen ◽  
Lisbeth B. Knudsen ◽  
Markil Gregersen ◽  
Jørn Simonsen
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
National Board ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Live Births

To investigate a reported increase, from 0.4 to 1.3 per thousand live births, in the Danish incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), a retrospective analysis of SIDS in Denmark from 1972 to 1983 was carried out. Based on data registered with the National Board of Health, a notable regional difference in SIDS rate between the western and eastern parts of Denmark was found. This difference did not correlate with the overall postneonatal mortality by region. Danish law requires medicolegal investigation in all cases of sudden unexpected death. Medicolegal autopsies are performed only in the three forensic institutes which cover all of Denmark. Despite the law and a uniform organization of the forensic medical services, differing application of postmortem examinations and individual interpretation of the history and autopsy in cases of sudden infant death existed. Differences in reporting of respiratory infections, suffocation, and cardiac malformation were found to contribute to the increase and to regional disparities in SIDS incidence. The three Danish forensic institutes examined all cases of sudden infant deaths in Denmark 1987 and 1988. These cases were classified as explained cause of death, pure SIDS, and atypical SIDS; atypical cases were evaluated by consensus. The SIDS incidence (the number of classic SIDS and atypical SIDS per thousand live births) was 1.9 in 1987 and 1.3 in 1988, and it was identical in the eastern and western part of Denmark; however, a higher incidence both of overall postneonatal and SIDS mortality was found in the middle region of Denmark. The analysis stresses the importance of high autopsy rate and expert investigation in all cases of infant death in order to obtain reliable data for epidemiological studies. A prospective joint study of all postneonatal infant deaths in Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, and Denmark will be carried out to analyze the reliability and the possible cause of reported differences in SIDS incidence in the five Nordic countries.

scholarly journals An Approach to the Classification of Apparent Asphyxial Infant Deaths

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan W. Matshes ◽  
Emma O. Lew
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Death Certification ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Unexpected Infant Death

Recent evidence indicates that with thorough, high quality death investigations and autopsies, forensic pathologists have recognized that many unexpected infant deaths are, in fact, asphyxial in nature. With this recognition has come a commensurate decrease in, and in some cases, abolition of, the label “sudden infant death syndrome” (SIDS). Current controversies often pertain to how and why some infant deaths are determined to be asphyxial in nature and whether or not apparent asphyxial circumstances are risk factors for SIDS, or rather, harbingers of asphyxial deaths. In an effort to sidestep these controversies, some forensic pathologists elected to instead use the noncommittal label “sudden unexpected infant death” (SUID), leading to the unfortunate consequence of SUID – like SIDS – gaining notoriety as an actual disease that could be diagnosed, studied, and ultimately cured. Although it is not possible to provide death certification guidance for every conceivable type of unexpected infant death, we recognize and propose a simple classification system for overarching themes that cover the vast majority of cases where infants die suddenly and unexpectedly.

Incidence of Recurrence of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-116
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Specific Population ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Increased Risk

Incidence figures for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) are affected by the specific population being studied, the method of data collection, the way in which the diagnosis is determined, and other variables. The occurrence of SIDS per 100 live births has been estimated to be 1.3 in Norway, 2.1 in South Australia, and 2 to 3 in the United States. Subsequent siblings are at increased risk of SIDS, with estimates ranging from 3.7 times that of the general population to as high as 10 times. Beal et al found that families in South Australia who lost a child older than 12 months of age to SIDS were 11 times more likely to have a subsequent child with SIDS than were families in which the SIDS victim was younger than 1 year of age.

Close encounters with SIDS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 664-665
Author(s):  
Ann R. Stark ◽  
Frederick Mandell ◽  
H. William Taeusch
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Close Encounters ◽  
At Home

The use of apnea monitors at home to prevent sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in infants at risk is a debated issue. Several very difficult questions await answers: (1) Who should be monitored? (2) What kinds of monitors would be most effective? (3) Does monitoring work? (4) Are other approaches apt to be simpler and more efficacious, e.g., respiratory stimulants? What is known about SIDS is mostly epidemiologic information. The incidence is 2 to 3 per 1,000 live births, with a peak age distribution between 2 and 4 months. Most deaths are silent and occur when the infant is supposedly asleep.

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