scholarly journals Common mental disorders in adolescents: a population based cross-sectional study

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Amaral Tavares Pinheiro ◽  
Bernardo Lessa Horta ◽  
Ricardo Tavares Pinheiro ◽  
Lúcia Lessa Horta ◽  
Nicole Gomes Terres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Years Of Schooling

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and the factors associated with common mental disorders among adolescents in Pelotas, a southern Brazilian city. METHOD: A population based cross-sectional study was carried out in the urban area of Pelotas. Multi-stage sampling was used to obtain a sample of adolescents aged between 15 and 18 years. Adolescents were interviewed using a self-report confidential questionnaire. The presence of common mental disorders was assessed using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire 20 (SRQ-20). Multivariate analysis was carried out using the Poisson regression with a robust adjustment of variance and control for design effect. RESULTS: Nine hundred and sixty adolescents were interviewed. The prevalence of common mental disorders was 28.8%. Adolescents aged 17 years showed prevalence of 1.37 (95% CI 1.06-1.78) times greater than the 15 year olds. Adolescents whose mothers had between 5 and 8 years of schooling had a prevalence 1.42 (95% CI 1.01-1.51) times greater than those whose mothers had more than 8 years of schooling. Smoking and sedentary behavior were also associated with an increased prevalence of common mental disorders. Those who were dissatisfied with their body image showed a prevalence of 1.47 (95% CI 1.07-2.02). CONCLUSIONS: Maternal schooling, tobacco smoking, sedentary behavior and body image dissatisfaction were factors associated with the presence of common mental disorders.

Common mental disorders and the utilisation of health services in Nicosia, Cyprus: A population-based cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Christos Bartsokas ◽  
Irini Papapetrou ◽  
George Charalambous ◽  
Aris Sissouras ◽  
Eleni Jelastopulu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Factors associated with the probability of common mental disorders in pregnant women: a cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roselma Lucchese ◽  
Naiane Dias Simões ◽  
Luiz Henrique Batista Monteiro ◽  
Ivânia Vera ◽  
Inaina Lara Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence of probability of common mental disorders in pregnant women and associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study with a quantitative and descriptive approach was performed with 330 pregnant women enrolled in a Women's Health Service located in Mid-West Brazil. Data were obtained through a questionnaire about socio-demographic characteristics and family or personal history. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire and Poisson regression were applied to screen for common mental disorders, aiming to identify factors associated with it. Results: The prevalence of probability of common mental disorders among pregnant women was 57.1% and it was associated with marital status, gestational age, unplanned pregnancy and bleeding. Conclusion: The prevalence of pregnant women likely to have common mental disorders and the average Self-Reporting Questionnaire score estimated in this study were higher than those found in other studies with samples from the general population.

scholarly journals Symptoms of common mental disorders and adherence to antiretroviral therapy among adults living with HIV in rural Zimbabwe: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e049824
Author(s):  
Andreas D Haas ◽  
Cordelia Kunzekwenyika ◽  
Stefanie Hossmann ◽  
Josphat Manzero ◽  
Janneke van Dijk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Art Adherence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Living With Hiv

ObjectivesTo examine the proportion of people living with HIV who screen positive for common mental disorders (CMD) and the associations between CMD and self-reported adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART).SettingSixteen government-funded health facilities in the rural Bikita district of Zimbabwe.DesignCross-sectional study.ParticipantsHIV-positive non-pregnant adults, aged 18 years or older, who lived in Bikita district and had received ART for at least 6 months.Outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the proportion of participants screening positive for CMD defined as a Shona Symptoms Questionnaire score of 9 or greater. Secondary outcomes were the proportion of participants reporting suicidal ideation, perceptual symptoms and suboptimal ART adherence and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) for factors associated with CMD, suicidal ideation, perceptual symptoms and suboptimal ART adherence.ResultsOut of 3480 adults, 18.8% (95% CI 14.8% to 23.7%) screened positive for CMD, 2.7% (95% CI 1.5% to 4.7%) reported suicidal ideations, and 1.5% (95% CI 0.9% to 2.6%) reported perceptual symptoms. Positive CMD screens were more common in women (aPR 1.67, 95% CI 1.19 to 2.35) than in men and were more common in adults aged 40–49 years (aPR 1.47, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.85) or aged 50–59 years (aPR 1.51, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.17) than in those 60 years or older. Positive CMD screen was associated with suboptimal adherence (aPR 1.53; 95% CI 1.37 to 1.70).ConclusionsA substantial proportion of people living with HIV in rural Zimbabwe are affected by CMD. There is a need to integrate mental health services and HIV programmes in rural Zimbabwe.Trial registration numberNCT03704805.

Factors associated with good self-rated health in European adolescents: a population-based cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 971-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Novak ◽  
Lovro Štefan ◽  
Arunas Emeljanovas ◽  
Brigita Mieziene ◽  
Ivana Milanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Self Rated Health

scholarly journals Tobacco and alcohol use, sexual behavior and common mental disorders among military students at the Police Academy, São Paulo, Brazil. A cross-sectional study

2015 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-244
Author(s):  
Arlene de Maria Perez ◽  
Isabela Martins Benseñor
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Police Academy ◽  
First Year ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The lifestyle of military personnel has been little studied in Brazil. This study evaluated the frequencies of tobacco and alcohol use, sexual behavior and mental health among military students.DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study at the Police Academy, in São Paulo.METHODS: Students answered a questionnaire about tobacco use, alcohol consumption, sexual behavior and common mental disorders (CMDs). To analyze associations among the frequencies of smoking and alcohol use, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and CMDs during the undergraduate years, we built a multinomial logistic regression model adjusted for age and sex.RESULTS: All 473 students were invited to participate and 430 (90.9%) agreed (10.5% were women). Most were white (76.6%), aged < 30 years, from the upper middle class (78.1%). The frequency of smoking was 6.5%, alcohol consumption 69.3%, STDs 14% and CMDs 15.6%. The use of condoms was low. Fourth-year students presented a lower odds ratio (OR) for STDs than the first-year students: 0.44 (95% confidence interval: 0.22-0.90). Third-year students presented a lower OR for CMDs than the first-year students.CONCLUSION: The frequencies of smoking and CMDs were low, while the frequency of alcohol consumption was similar to that of the Brazilian population. The use of condoms was low, in comparison with previous studies with similar samples. The results suggest that there was a certain degree of protection against CMDs and STDs during the undergraduate years.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in a high-altitude setting in Peru: adult population-based cross-sectional study

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12149
Author(s):  
Charles Huamaní ◽  
Lucio Velásquez ◽  
Sonia Montes ◽  
Ana Mayanga-Herrera ◽  
Antonio Bernabé-Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
San Sebastian ◽  
Population Based Survey

Background There are several ecological studies, but few studies of the prevalence of SARS-COV-2 at high altitude. We aimed to estimate the population-based seroprevalence of SARS-COV-2 in three settings of Cusco at the end of the first wave among adults. Methods A population-based survey was conducted in September 2020, in three settings in the region of Cusco: (1) Cusco city at 3,300 meters above the sea level (m.a.s.l.), (2) the periphery of Cusco (Santiago, San Jerónimo, San Sebastián, and Wanchaq) at 3,300 m.a.s.l., and (3) Quillabamba city, located at 1,050 m.a.s.l. People aged ≥ 18 years within a family unit were included. The diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection was based on identifying anti- SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies (IgM and IgG) in serum using the Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 chemiluminescence test. Results We enrolled 1924 participants from 712 families. Of the total, 637 participants were anti-SARS-CoV-2 seropositive. Seroprevalence was 38.8% (95% CI [33.4%–44.9%]) in Cusco city, 34.9% (95% CI [30.4%–40.1%]) in the periphery of Cusco, and 20.3% (95% CI [16.2%–25.6%]) in Quillabamba. In 141 families (19.8%; 95% CI [17.0%–22.8%]) the whole members were positive to the test. Living with more than three persons in the same house, a positive COVID-19 case at home, and a member who died in the last five months were factors associated with SARS-COV-2 seropositivity. Dysgeusia/dysosmia was the symptom most associated with seropositivity (aPR = 2.74, 95% CI [2.41–3.12]); whereas always wearing a face shield (aPR = 0. 73; 95% CI [0.60–0.89]) or a facial mask (aPR = 0.76, 95% CI [0.63–0. 92) reduced that probability. Conclusions A great proportion of Cusco’s city inhabitants presented anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at the end of the first wave, with significant differences between settings. Wearing masks and face shields were associated with lower rate of seropositivity; however, efforts must be made to sustain them over time since there is still a high proportion of susceptible people.

Food Consumption Patterns, Breakfast, Meals with Family and Associations with Common Mental Disorders in Adolescents: A School-Based Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Helena Almeida Gratão ◽  
Milene Cristine Pessoa ◽  
Thales Philipe Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Luana Lara Rocha ◽  
Monique Louise Cassimiro Inácio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eating Practices ◽  
Food Consumption Pattern

Abstract BackgroundAdolescence is a period of transition and vulnerabilities, in which mental illnesses can develop more easily. The objective of this work is to verify the association between food consumption patterns and the presence of Common Mental Disorders in Brazilian adolescents. MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study which analyzed data from 71,553 Brazilian adolescents aged 12-17 years, from the ERICA Study. Principal Component Analysis was performed to identify Food Consumption Patterns, and Logistic Regression Models were performed to identify the associations between Common Mental Disorders, Food Consumption Patterns, and eating practices that are breakfast consumption and practice of having meals accompanied by family. ResultsTwo patterns were found, a Healthy Food Consumption Pattern and a Unhealthy Food Consumption Pattern. Adolescents classified in the second (OR: 0.77; 95% CI 0.68 - 0.88) or third (OR: 0.87; 95% CI 0.74 - 0.95) tercile of the Healthy Food Consumption Pattern had a lower chance of having Common Mental Disorders, while those who belonged to the third tercile of the Unhealthy Food Consumption Pattern (OR: 1.22; 95% CI 1.02 - 1.42), had an increased chance of having Common Mental Disorders. Eating breakfast sometimes (OR: 0.69; 95% CI 0.59 - 0.80) or almost every day/every day (OR: 0.52; 95% CI 0.46 - 0.59), and the practice of having the main meals with the family sometimes (OR: 0.64; 95% CI 0.54 - 0.75) or almost every day/every day (OR: 0.48; 95% CI 0.40-0.55), decreased the chance for Common Mental Disorders.ConclusionStrategies to promote the mental health of adolescents as the adoption of healthy eating practices must be strengthened and promoted.

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