scholarly journals Effect of dentinal surface preparation on bond strength of self-etching adhesive systems

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Itocazo Rocha ◽  
Alessandra Bühler Borges ◽  
José Roberto Rodrigues ◽  
César Augusto Galvão Arrais ◽  
Marcelo Giannini
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Speed

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dentin surface treatments on the tensile bond strength (TBS) of the self-etching primer Clearfil SE Bond (CSE) and the one-step self-etching One-Up Bond F (OUB). The exposed flat dentin surfaces of twenty-four sound third molars were prepared with diamond bur at high-speed, carbide bur at low-speed or wet ground with #600 grit SiC paper. The adhesive systems were applied to the dentin surfaces and light-cured according to the manufacturers' instructions. A 6-mm high composite crown was incrementally built-up and each increment was light-cured for 40 seconds. After being stored in water (37°C/24 h), the samples were serially sectioned parallel to the long axis, forming beams (n = 20) with a cross-sectional area of approximately 0.8 mm². The specimens were tested in a Universal Testing Machine at 0.5 mm/min. The cross-sectional area was measured and the results (MPa) were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey Test (p < 0.05). Overall, the groups treated with CSE exhibited the highest TBS for all surface treatments. Dentin surfaces prepared with carbide bur at low speed reduced TBS in the CSE group; however, OUB was not affected by surface treatments. The effect of surface abrasive methods on TBS was material-dependent.

Optimal cross-sectional area distribution of a high-speed train nose to minimize the tunnel micro-pressure wave

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 965-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yo-Cheon Ku ◽  
Joo-Hyun Rho ◽  
Su-Hwan Yun ◽  
Min-Ho Kwak ◽  
Kyu-Hong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Wave ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
High Speed Train ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Area Distribution

Acceleration characteristics of laser ablation Cu plasma in the electrostatic field

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 20802
Author(s):  
Buren Duan ◽  
Haonan Zhang ◽  
Lizhi Wu ◽  
Zuohao Hua ◽  
Zijing Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Field Intensity ◽  
Electrostatic Field ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Electric Field Intensity ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Iccd Camera ◽  
Cross Sectional

As a new concept of space propulsion system, laser-ablation propulsion has attracted more and more attention due to its characteristics of low power consumption, high specific impulse, variable and controllable thrust. With an aim to further raise up the movement velocity of plasma, we combine the laser with high-voltage electrostatic field to accelerate the Cu plasma induced by laser ablation. To demonstrate the acceleration characteristics of plasma under different electric field intensity, the plasma conductivity, plasma shockwave intensity and plasma plume movement process were tested using parallel electrode plate device, self-made torsion pendulum impulse test bench and high-speed ICCD camera. The results showed that the conductive current and impulse formed by the plasma obviously increased under the applied electric field. The images captured by high-speed ICCD camera showed the plasma cross-sectional area was 0.194 mm2 at 900 ns and 0.217 mm2 at 1600 ns when the electric field intensity was 0 V/mm. With the electric field intensity increased to 30 V/mm, the plasma cross-sectional area elevated to 0.280 mm2 at 900 ns and 0.288 mm2 at 1600 ns. The acquisitions prove that the idea of this paper is feasible and favorable, which provide a theoretical basis for the combination of laser ablation propulsion and electric field.

Effects of cross-sectional area on resin-enamel tensile bond strength

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 290-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuo Shono ◽  
Masamichi Terashital ◽  
Edna L. Pashley ◽  
Phyllis D. Brewer ◽  
David H. Pashley
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Tensile Bond Strength ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional

Microtensile Bond Strength of Contemporary Adhesives to Primary Enamel and Dentin

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Marquezan ◽  
Bruno Lopes da Silveira ◽  
Luizb Henrique Burnett Jr ◽  
Célia Regina Martins Delgado Rodrigues ◽  
Paulo Floriani Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Primary Tooth ◽  
Single Bond ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Microtensile Bond Strength ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

The purpose of this study was to assess bond strength of three self-etching and two total-etch adhesive systems bonded to primary tooth enamel and dentin. Materials and methods: Forty extracted primary human molars were selected and abraded in order to create flat buccal enamel and occlusal dentin surfaces. Teeth were assigned to one of the adhesive systems: Adper Scotch Bond Multi Purpose, Adper Single Bond 2,Adper Prompt L-Pop, Clearfil SE Bond and AdheSE. Imediately to adhesive aplication, a composite resin(Filtek Z250) block was built up. After 3 months of water storage, each sample was sequentially sectioned in order to obtain sticks with a square cross-sectional area of about 0.72 mm2. The specimens were fixed lengthways to a microtensile device and tested using a universal testing machine with a 50-N load cell at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Microtensile bond strength values were recorded in MPa and compared by Analysis of Variance and the post hoc Tukey test (a=0.05). Results: In enamel, Clearfil SE Bond presented the highest values, followed by Adper Single Bond 2, AdheSE and Adper Scotch Bond Multi Purpose, without significant difference. The highest values in dentin were obtained with Adper Scotch Bond Multi Purpose and all other adhesives did not present significant different values from that, except Adper Prompt L-Pop that achieved the lowest bond strength in both substrates. Adper Scotch Bond Multi Purpose and Adper Single Bond 2 presented significantly lower values in enamel than in dentin although all other adhesives presented similar results in both substrates. Conclusions: contemporary adhesive systems present similar behaviors when bonded to primary teeth, with the exception of the one-step self-etching system; and selfetching systems can achieve bond strength values as good in enamel as in dentin of primary teeth.

scholarly journals Influence of CVD Diamond Tips and Er:YAG Laser Irradiation on Bonding of Different Adhesive Systems to Dentin

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daphne Câmara Barcellos ◽  
Alessandra Buhler Borges ◽  
Cesar Rogério Pucci ◽  
Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres ◽  
Melissa Aline da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Er:Yag Laser ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Cvd Diamond ◽  
Single Bond ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Yag Laser

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this study was to compare the microtensile bond strength of three adhesive systems, using different methods of dentin preparation. Materials and methods A hundred and eight bovine teeth were used. The dentin from buccal face was exposed and prepared with three different methods, divided in 3 groups: Group 1 (DT)- diamond tip on a high-speed handpiece; Group 2 (CVD)-CVD tip on a ultrasonic handpiece; Group 3 (LA)-Er: YAG laser. The teeth were divided into 3 subgroups, according adhesive systems used: Subgroup 1-Adper Single Bond Plus/3M ESPE (SB) total-etch adhesive; Subgroup 2-Adper Scotchbond SE/3M ESPE (AS) selfetching adhesive; Subgroup 3-Clearfil SE Bond/Kuraray (CS) selfetching adhesive. Blocks of composite (Filtek Z250–3M ESPE) 4 mm high were built up and specimens were stored in deionized water for 24 hours at 37°C. Serial mesiodistal and buccolingual cuts were made and stick-like specimens were obtained, with transversal section of 1.0 mm2. The samples were submitted to microtensile test at 1 mm/min and load of 10 kg in a universal testing machine. Data (MPa) were subjected to ANOVA and Tukey's tests (p < 0.05). Results and conclusion Surface treatment with Diamond or CVD tips associated with Clearfil SE Bond adhesive produced significantly lower bond strength values compared to other groups. Surface treatment with Er: YAG laser associated with Single Bond Plus or Clearfil SE Bond adhesives and surface treatment with CVD tip associated with Adper Scotchbond SE adhesive produced significantly lower bond strength values compared to surface treatment with diamond or CVD tips associated with Single Bond Plus or Adper Scotchbond SE adhesives. Clinical significance Interactions between laser and the CVD tip technologies and the different adhesive systems can produce a satisfactory bonding strength result, so that these associations may be beneficial and enhance the clinical outcomes. How to cite this article Silva MA, Di Nicolo R, Barcellos DC, Batista GR, Pucci CR, Torres CRG, Borges AB. Influence of CVD Diamond Tips and Er:YAG Laser Irradiation on Bonding of Different Adhesive Systems to Dentin. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(1):14-20.

scholarly journals Mathematical modeling of aerodynamic processes in railway tunnels on high-speed railways

2020 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 06017
Author(s):  
Alexander Ledyaev ◽  
Vladimir Kavkazskiy ◽  
Yan Vatulin ◽  
Valeriy Svitin ◽  
Oleg Shelgunov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Optimization Task ◽  
Sufficient Degree

The study of aerodynamic processes in railway tunnels on highspeed railways in the absence of practical experience in operation should be carried out with a sufficient degree of accuracy only by mathematical modeling. A multi-factor experiment was performed, which resulted in solving the optimization task of determining the tunnel cross-sectional area, taking into account aerodynamic processes. Based on the analysis of the results, the conclusion is made about the applicability of the method to the prognosis of aerodynamic effects on prospective tunnel structures of high-speed railways and optimization of geometric parameters of the tunnels.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effect of Cold Plasma Treatment on the Microshear Bond Strength of Composite Resin Restorations to Dentin using Different Adhesive Systems and the Effect of Thermocycling

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 734-741
Author(s):  
Sara Valizadeh ◽  
Elham Farhadi ◽  
Aida Moradi ◽  
Sedighe S. Hashemikamangar
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Dental Composite ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Non Thermal Plasma ◽  
Microshear Bond Strength

Introduction: Currently, non-thermal plasma is used to modify the enamel and dentin surfaces to improve the bonding surface to dental composite resins. Non-thermal plasma creates a hydrophilic surface, decreases the contact angle, and improves the bonding quality. The present study aimed to evaluate the microshear bond strength (µSBS) of composite resins to dentin using different adhesive systems. Materials and Methods: Bovine incisor teeth were randomly assigned to three groups of G-Premio, Clearfil SE Bond, and Adper Single Bond adhesive groups after preparation. Each group was divided into two subgroups in terms of argon plasma surface preparation, and each subgroup was divided into two groups in terms of thermocycling (n=12). The microshear bond strength of the samples was determined using a universal testing machine. Three-way ANOVA was used to analyze the effect of the adhesive, plasma preparation, and thermocycling. Post hoc Tukey tests were used for two-by-two comparisons of µSBS. Statistical significance was set at P <0.05. Results: The results of the µSBS test showed that the application of plasma resulted in a significant increase in the mean µSBS in the G-Premio group, with no significant increase in the Clearfil SE bond and Adper Single groups. The effect of thermocycling after plasma application was significant only in the Adper Single group. Conclusion: The application of plasma might increase the bond strength of composite resins to dentin. However, further studies are necessary.

Relation Between Iliopsoas Cross-sectional Area and Kicked Ball Speed in Soccer Players

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (06) ◽  
pp. 468-472
Author(s):  
Taku Wakahara ◽  
Manabu Chiba
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Iliopsoas Muscle ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ball Speed ◽  
Instep Kick ◽  
Psoas Major

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between the maximal anatomical cross-sectional area (ACSA) of the iliopsoas muscle and ball speed in side-foot and instep kicks. The ACSA of the psoas major and iliacus was measured in 29 male collegiate soccer players by using magnetic resonance imaging. They performed maximal side-foot and instep kicks to a stationary ball. The kicked ball speed was measured with a high-speed camera. Ball speed in the side-foot and instep kicks was significantly correlated with body height (side-foot kick: r=0.650, P<0.001; instep kick: r=0.583, P<0.001). After adjustment for body height, the maximal ACSA of the psoas major was significantly correlated with ball speed in the side-foot kick (r=0.441, P=0.017), but not in the instep kick. The maximal ACSA of the iliacus was not correlated with ball speed in side-foot or instep kicks, even after adjustment for body height. Our results suggest that: 1) body height is a significant determinant of the ball speed in side-foot and instep kicks, and 2) for a given body height, the maximal ACSA of the dominant psoas major is a factor that affects the ball speed in side-foot kick.

Air Transportation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Rez
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Air Transportation ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transportation Energy ◽  
Turbofan Engines

When an airplane is full, the energy used to travel a given distance compares very favourably with driving an economical car. Primary energy use is less since airplane turbofan engines are more efficient than car engines. Even airplanes with propellers driven by petrol engines are more efficient than cars as the engines are operating at near-peak rpm and producing a higher proportion of the rated power. Air travel uses a lot of energy because it makes travelling long distances easy, even if not very comfortable. The airplane is limited by the weight it can carry, which puts a limit on how tightly the passengers can be squeezed together. Given that drag will always be a factor in high-speed transportation, even for ground transportation, energy use can be minimised by reducing the cross-sectional area and squeezing more people into even smaller spaces, such as in the hyperloop.

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