scholarly journals Molecular characterization of Toxoplasma gondii isolates from free-range chickens reveals new genotypes in Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanstter Hallison Alves Rezende ◽  
Jaqueline Ataíde Silva Lima da Igreja ◽  
Antônio Roberto Gomes-Júnior ◽  
Jade de Oliveira Melo ◽  
João Luís Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Seroprevalence Rate ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Peptic Digestion ◽  
Brain Cysts ◽  
Genotypic Characteristics

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotypic characteristics of Toxoplasma gondii isolated from free-range chickens in the metropolitan area of Goiânia, Goiás, in Brazil’s central-west region. The seroprevalence rate was found to be 96%, according to an indirect hemagglutination assay. Brain and heart samples were processed by peptic digestion for a mice bioassay. The tissues were homogenized and the resulting samples were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which revealed that 64% of them contained the parasite's DNA. The mice bioassay revealed 15 isolates, 8 of them tachyzoites isolates from the peritoneal lavage and 7 from brain cysts. T. gondii genotypes were determined through PCR-RFLP, using the following markers: SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1, alt. SAG2, Apico and CS3. Three genotypes were identified, inclued ToxoDB #65, and the other two are not yet described in the literature. Hence, we conclude that the isolates obtained from the metropolitan area of Goiânia showed relatively low genetic diversity.

Molecular and biological characterization ofToxoplasma gondiiisolates from free-range chickens from Guyana, South America, identified several unique and common parasite genotypes

Parasitology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 134 (11) ◽  
pp. 1559-1565 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. DUBEY ◽  
L. APPLEWHAITE ◽  
N. SUNDAR ◽  
G. V. VELMURUGAN ◽  
L. A. BANDINI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
South America ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Clonal Type ◽  
Modified Agglutination Test ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Common Parasite

SUMMARYThe prevalence ofToxoplasma gondiiin free-ranging chickens (Gallus domesticus) is a good indicator of the prevalence ofT. gondiioocysts in the soil because chickens feed from the ground. The prevalence ofT. gondiiin 76 free-range chickens from Guyana, South America was determined. Antibodies toT. gondiiwere assayed by the modified agglutination test (MAT), and found in 50 (65·8%) of 76 chickens with titres of 1:5 in four, 1:10 in one, 1:20 in five, 1:40 in seven, 1:80 in six, 1:160 in eight, 1:320 in four, 1:640 or higher in 15. Hearts and brains of 26 chickens with titres of <1:5 were pooled in 5 batches and bioassayed in mice. Hearts and brains of 50 chickens with titres of 1:5 or higher were bioassayed in mice.Toxoplasma gondiiwas isolated by bioassay in mice from 35 chickens with MAT titres of 1:20 or higher. All mice inoculated with tissues of 30 infected chickens remained asymptomatic.Toxoplasma gondiiisolates from 35 chickens were genotyped using 11 PCR-RFLP markers including SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1, a new SAG2, and Apico. A total of 9 genotypes were identified, with 5 genotypes (nos 1, 4, 5, 6 and 7) unique to Guyana, 2 genotypes (nos 2 and 3) previously identified in chickens from Brazil, 1 genotype (no. 8) previously identified in chickens from Brazil, Costa Rica and Nicaragua, and 1 genotype (no. 9) belonging to the clonal type III lineage that exists globally. Infection with 2 genotypes was found from 1 chicken. This is the first report of genetic characterization ofT. gondiiisolates from any host from Guyana.

CHARACTERIZATION OF TOXOPLASMA GONDII ISOLATES IN FREE-RANGE CHICKENS FROM AMAZON, BRAZIL

2006 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Dubey ◽  
Solange M. Gennari ◽  
Marcelo B. Labruna ◽  
Luis M. A. Camargo ◽  
M. C B. Vianna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Isolates

Toxoplasma gondii: prevalence and characterization of new genotypes in free-range chickens from south Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 681-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Emmanuel Gonçalves Vieira ◽  
João Pedro Sasse ◽  
Ana Flávia Minutti ◽  
Ana Carolina Miura ◽  
Luiz Daniel de Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Free Range ◽  
South Brazil

scholarly journals Characterization of Toxoplasma gondii Isolates in Free-Range Chickens From Portugal

2006 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Dubey ◽  
M. C B. Vianna ◽  
S. Sousa ◽  
N. Canada ◽  
S. Meireles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Isolates

scholarly journals Occurrence and genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in slaughtered domestic rabbits in central China

Parasite ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weifeng Qian ◽  
Wenchao Yan ◽  
Chaochao Lv ◽  
Rongzhen Bai ◽  
Tianqi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Central China ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Its1 Region ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Parasite Infections ◽  
Domestic Rabbits

Currently, information on the occurrence and genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in tissues of rabbits in China is lacking. In this study, brain and heart samples from 470 slaughtered domestic rabbits were collected in Henan Province, Central China. The occurrence rate of T. gondii and N. caninum DNA detected by nested PCR was 2.8% and 2.1%, respectively. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in the frequency of the two parasite infections in relation to sex, breed, and region. Three out of 13 T. gondii-positive samples were completely or partially genotyped at 11 genetic markers using PCR-RFLP, and one was identified as ToxoDB genotype #9. For N. caninum, three different sequences at the ITS1 region and two genotypes at the MS5 microsatellite locus were identified. To our knowledge, this is the first genetic characterization of N. caninum isolates from rabbits.

scholarly journals Genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii isolates from eared doves (Zenaida auriculata) in Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Daniel de Barros ◽  
Alessandra Taroda ◽  
Dauton Luiz Zulpo ◽  
Ivo Alexandre Leme da Cunha ◽  
Ana Sue Sammi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Mouse Bioassay ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Environmental Diversity ◽  
Clonal Type ◽  
Modified Agglutination Test ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Isolates

Eared doves (Zenaida auriculata), which are common in urban, rural and wild areas in many regions of Brazil, are frequently prey for domestic cats. Therefore Toxoplasma gondii isolates obtained from doves may reflect greater environmental diversity than those from other hosts. The aim of the present study was to evaluate T. gondii seroprevalence, isolate and genotype strains from Z. auriculata. Serum and tissue samples were collected from 206 doves for use in the modified agglutination test (MAT) and mouse bioassay. The prevalence of T. gondii antibodies in the doves was 22.3% (46/206), with titers ranging from 16 to 4096, and T. gondii strains were isolated from 12 of these doves. Five genotypes were detected by means of PCR-RFLP, including ToxoDB genotypes #1, #6, #17 and #65, and one genotype that had not previously been described (ToxoDB#182). This was the first report on isolation of T. gondii from Z. auriculata. This study confirmed the genetic diversity of T. gondii isolates and the existence of clonal type II (ToxoDB genotype #1) in Brazil.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection and Genetic Characterization of Toxoplasma gondii in Farmed Minks (Neovison vison) in Northern China by PCR-RFLP

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e0165308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Bin Zheng ◽  
Xiao-Xuan Zhang ◽  
Jian-Gang Ma ◽  
Fa-Cai Li ◽  
Quan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Neovison Vison ◽  
Pcr Rflp

Characterization of Toxoplasma gondii isolates from free range chickens from Paraná, Brazil

2003 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P Dubey ◽  
I.T Navarro ◽  
D.H Graham ◽  
E Dahl ◽  
R.L Freire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Isolates

Isolation, Tissue Distribution, and Molecular Characterization of Toxoplasma gondii From Free-Range Chickens From Guatemala

2005 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 955-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Dubey ◽  
B. Lopez ◽  
M. Alvarez ◽  
C. Mendoza ◽  
T. Lehmann
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Tissue Distribution ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Free Range

scholarly journals Detection and genetic characterisation of Toxoplasma gondii circulating in free-range chickens, pigs and seropositive pregnant women in Benue state, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. e0009458
Author(s):  
Ifeoma N. Nzelu ◽  
Jacob K. P. Kwaga ◽  
Junaidu Kabir ◽  
Idris A. Lawal ◽  
Christy Beazley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Type I ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Pcr Rflp

Toxoplasma gondii parasites present strong but geographically varied signatures of population structure. Populations sampled from Europe and North America have commonly been defined by over-representation of a small number of clonal types, in contrast to greater diversity in South America. The occurrence and extent of genetic diversity in African T. gondii populations remains understudied, undermining assessments of risk and transmission. The present study was designed to establish the occurrence, genotype and phylogeny of T. gondii in meat samples collected from livestock produced for human consumption (free-range chickens, n = 173; pigs, n = 211), comparing with T. gondii detected in blood samples collected from seropositive pregnant women (n = 91) in Benue state, Nigeria. The presence of T. gondii DNA was determined using a published nested polymerase chain reaction, targeting the 529 bp multicopy gene element. Samples with the highest parasite load (assessed using quantitative PCR) were selected for PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) targeting the surface antigen 3 (SAG3), SAG2 (5’ and 3’), beta-tubulin (BTUB) and dense granule protein 6 (GRA6) loci, and the apicoplast genome (Apico). Toxoplasma gondii DNA was detected in all three of the populations sampled, presenting 30.6, 31.3 and 25.3% occurrence in free-range chickens, pigs and seropositive pregnant women, respectively. Quantitative-PCR indicated low parasite occurrence in most positive samples, limiting some further molecular analyses. PCR-RFLP results suggested that T. gondii circulating in the sampled populations presented with a type II genetic background, although all included a hybrid type I/II or II/III haplotype. Concatenation of aligned RFLP amplicon sequences revealed limited diversity with nine haplotypes and little indication of host species-specific or spatially distributed sub-populations. Samples collected from humans shared haplotypes with free-range chickens and/or pigs. Africa remains under-explored for T. gondii genetic diversity and this study provides the first detailed definition of haplotypes circulating in human and animal populations in Nigeria.

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