Systematics of Hymenophyllum subgenus Mecodium (Hymenophyllaceae) in Taiwan

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-767
Author(s):  
Tian-Chuan Hsu ◽  
Yu-Fang Huang ◽  
Yi-Shan Chao
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Common Element ◽  
Morphological Investigation ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
The Status ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Independent Species

Abstract—Hymenophyllum subg. Mecodium, composed of the taxonomically notorious H. polyanthos and approximately 15 other closely related taxa, is a common element of filmy fern communities in the tropical and subtropical moist forests. In Taiwan, although only H. polyanthos and one or two closely related taxa were recognized in recent studies, considerable morphological variation has been observed among populations throughout the island. Thus, we conducted an extensive morphological investigation, as well as a molecular phylogenetic analysis, to clarify the specific diversity and phylogenetic relationships within Hymenophyllum subg. Mecodium in Taiwan. Field and herbaria surveys helped in recognizing five morphs in Taiwan, mainly differentiated by the combination of certain traits, viz., the presence or absence of stipe wings, general frond size and shape, degree of laminar crispation, sori position, and involucre shape. The different morphs had diverse ecological preferences. The phylogenetic tree, inferred from the sequences of the plastid loci rbcL and rps4-trnS, demonstrated that Hymenophyllum subg. Mecodium materials in Taiwan comprise several well-supported lineages, mostly corresponding to the classification based on morphology. Comparing with the protologues and type specimens of 34 related scientific names, the five morphs are herein recognized as five independent species. A new species, Hymenophyllum exquisitum, is described here. Also, the status of H. paniculiflorum is reconfirmed and that of H. fujisanense, H. parallelocarpum, and H. punctisorum reinstated. Only H. exquisitum and H. parallelocarpum are endemic to Taiwan among all the species studied. In addition, the names Hymenophyllum blumeanum, H. integrum, H. microsorum, H. polyanthos, H. tenellum, and H. wrightii are now excluded from the regional flora, and several related taxa from China, Taiwan, and the Philippines are treated as synonyms. This study unravels the deep phylogenetic relationships within Hymenophyllum subg. Mecodium in Taiwan and Eastern Asia.

Cortinarius khinganensis (Agaricales), a new species of section Illumini from Northeast China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 500 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
MENG-LE XIE ◽  
TIE-ZHENG WEI ◽  
BÁLINT DIMA ◽  
YONG-PING FU ◽  
RUI-QING JI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species

This study presents one telamonioid species new to science based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Cortinarius khinganensis was collected from the Greater Khingan Mountains, Northeast China and it is characterized by hygrophanous, vivid brownish red and striate pileus, white universal veil, and subglobose spores. According to phylogenetic analyses results, C. khinganensis belongs to the section Illumini, which is a lineage distantly related from subgenus Telamonia sensu stricto. Detailed descriptions of the new species and the comparisons with morphologically similar species are provided. The phylogenetic relationships within the section Illumini are also discussed.

Turleania rubriguttatus, a new species of pagurid hermit crab (Decapoda: Anomura: Paguroidea) from shallow water in Japan, with notes on T. senticosa (McLaughlin & Haig, 1996)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4834 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-106
Author(s):  
TOMOYUKI KOMAI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Hermit Crab ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The Status ◽  
Shallow Subtidal ◽  
The Right ◽  
Kochi Prefecture ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the pagurid hermit crab genus Turleania McLaughlin, 1997, T. rubriguttatus, is described on the basis of two specimens, including one male and one female, from shallow subtidal waters in Kochi Prefecture, Japan. The new species appears close to T. albatrossae (McLaughlin & Haig, 1996), known from the Philippines, but the proximally unarmed dorsal surface of the right chela palm and the lack of a dorsomesial row of spines on the left cheliped carpus easily distinguish T. rubriguttatus n. sp. from T. albatrossae. Examination of the type material of T. similis Komai, 1999 and T. spinimanus Komai, 1999, and supplemental material from Japan, confirms that the two taxa are synonymous with T. senticosa (McLaughlin & Haig, 1996), as was suggested by previous authors. Re-examination clarified that in T. senticosa the maxilliped 3 has no developed arthrobranchs, and this led the author to assess the status of T. sinensis Han, Sha & An, 2016, which is also synonymised with T. senticosa. 

A new species of Physaloptera (Nematoda: Spirurida) from Proechimys gardneri (Rodentia: Echimyidae) from the Amazon rainforest and molecular phylogenetic analyses of the genus

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Maldonado ◽  
R.O. Simões ◽  
J. São Luiz ◽  
S.F. Costa-Neto ◽  
R.V. Vilela
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Amazon Rainforest ◽  
Ancestral State ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
The Status ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
History Of ◽  
A New Species

Abstract Nematodes of the genus Physaloptera are globally distributed and more than 100 species are known. Their life cycle involves insects, including beetles, cockroaches and crickets, as intermediate hosts. This study describes a new species of Physaloptera and reports molecular phylogenetic analyses to determine its relationships within the family Physalopteridae. Physaloptera amazonica n. sp. is described from the stomach of the caviomorph rodent Proechimys gardneri collected in the Amazon rainforest in the state of Acre, Brazil. The species is characterized by the male having the first and second pair of sessile papillae asymmetrically placed, lacking a median papilla-like protuberance between the third pairs of sessile papillae, differentiated by size and shape of the spicules, while females have four uterine branches. For both nuclear 18S rRNA and MT-CO1 gene-based phylogenies, we recovered Turgida sequences forming a clade nested within Physaloptera, thus making Physaloptera paraphyletic to the exclusion of Turgida, suggesting that the latter may have evolved from the former monodelphic ancestral state to a derived polydelphic state, or that some species of Physaloptera may belong to different genera. Relationships between most taxa within Physaloptera were poorly resolved in our phylogenies, producing multifurcations or a star phylogeny. The star-like pattern may be attributed to evolutionary processes where past simultaneous species diversification events took place. Physaloptera amazonica n. sp. formed an independent lineage, separately from the other species of Physaloptera, thus supporting the status of a new species. However, all molecular data suggested a closer relationship with other Neotropical species. In conclusion, we added a new species to this already largely diverse genus Physaloptera, bringing new insights to its phylogenetic relationships. Further analyses, adding more species and markers, should provide a better understanding of the evolutionary history of physalopterids.

On the status of the snake genera Erythrolamprus Boie, Liophis Wagler and Lygophis Fitzinger (Serpentes, Xenodontinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2173 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
FELIPE F. CURCIO ◽  
VÍTOR DE Q. PIACENTINI ◽  
DANIEL S. FERNANDES
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
South American ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
The Status ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Recent Debate ◽  
The Subject

The genus Erythrolamprus Boie (1826) comprises six species of Central and South American false coral snakes (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970; Zaher 1999; Curcio et al. 2009). It is traditionally allocated in the tribe Xenodontini (subfamily Xenodontinae), along with the genera Liophis, Lystrophis, Umbrivaga, Waglerophis and Xenodon (sensu Dixon 1980; Cadle 1984; Myers 1986; Ferrarezzi 1994; Zaher 1999). Although Xenodontini is supported by morphological and molecular evidence, phylogenetic relationships and classification within the tribe have been the subject of recent debate. Molecular phylogenetic studies have recovered clades with Erythrolamprus nested within some representatives of the genus Liophis (Vidal et al. 2000; Zaher et al. 2009), partly corroborating previous hypotheses based on morphology (e.g. Dixon 1980).

scholarly journals A new species of deepwater tilefish (Percoidea: Branchiostegidae) from the Philippines, with a brief discussion of the status of tilefish systematics

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3249 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES K. DOOLEY ◽  
YUKIO IWATSUKI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Body Depth ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Bright Yellow ◽  
Orange Yellow ◽  
The Status ◽  
Yellow Orange ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Sand Bottom

A new rare species of deepwater Branchiostegus is described from two specimens collected from Bayangas, Laiya, Philippines(130 38.5’ N, 1210 25.6’ E). A total of four specimens were caught by hook and line in 2009 and 2011 between 210–220 m overa rocky-sand bottom, only two were preserved. The species may also be endemic to the Philippines and inhabit burrows as dothe other known species of this genus. The combination of the following characters distinguish the new species from its conge-ners: prominent dark predorsal ridge bordered by bright yellow-orange background (only B. semifasciatus from West Africahas a more prominent and dark predorsal ridge, but the ridge has no underlying orange-yellow colour), a great body depth (28–29% SL; other species of Branchiostegus, usually 27% SL) longer head length (30–31% SL; other species of Branchiostegus,usually 28%), greater head depth (26–27% SL; other species of Branchiostegus, usually 26% SL); long pre-dorsal length (35%SL; other species of Branchiostegus, usually 32% SL), and distinctive body, head and caudal fin colouration; skin over dorsal tips of branchiostegals characteristically bright yellow. A brief discussion of the status of tilefish systematics is included.

A new species of whip spider, Weygoldtia hainanensis sp. nov., from Hainan, China (Arachnida: Amblypygi: Charinidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5082 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
XIAO-YU ZHU ◽  
SHI-YANG WU ◽  
YI-JIAO LIU ◽  
CHRIS R. REARDON ◽  
CRISTIAN ROMÁN-PALACIOS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Gene Region ◽  
East China ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Normal University ◽  
A New Species

To date, only one species of whip spider has been recorded in China. Here, we describe a new species, Weygoldtia hainanensis sp. nov., from Hainan, China. The new species is morphologically similar to W. davidovi (Fage, 1946) and W. consonensis Miranda et al. 2021, but can be distinguished with a combination of the following characters: 26 segments in tibia I, 6-7 teeth on chelicerae, distitibia IV trichobothria sc and sf series each with 10-11 trichobothria. To validate our morphological inferences and support the erection of W. hainanensis sp. nov. as a new species, we sequenced the COI gene region for two individuals and performed molecular phylogenetic analyses. The inferred phylogenetic trees placed the new species within Weygoldtia and highlighted the evolutionary distinction between W. hainanensis sp. nov. and currently described whip spiders. The type specimens are deposited in the Museum of Biology, East China Normal University (ECNU).  

Paris nitida (Melanthiaceae), a new species from Hubei and Hunan, China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 314 (1) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHI WANG ◽  
XIU-ZHEN CAI ◽  
ZHI-XIANG ZHONG ◽  
ZHUN XU ◽  
NENG WEI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Perennial Herbs ◽  
A New Species

The genus Paris Linnaeus (1753: 367) was traditionally placed in Liliaceae (Melchior, 1964), and then in Trilliaceae, which was divided into two genera based on floral merosity: Trilliun Linnaeus (1753: 340) has trimerous flowers, and Paris has variable floral merosity (Li 1984; Zomlefer 1997; Li 1998). However, Trilliaceae were recently revised using molecular phylogenetic approaches and placed in Melanthiaceae (Ji et al. 2006; APG IV 2016; Kim et al. 2016). Paris consists of about 28 species of perennial herbs mainly distributed and endemic in eastern Asia (Osaloo & Kawano 1999; Liang & Vitor 2000; Li et al. 2017), with the center of species diversity in China, where Paris is well known for its medicinal value.

Urolabida graziae, new urostylidid species from the Philippines with comments on the current taxonomy and systematics of the family (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Urostylididae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4958 (1) ◽  
pp. 702-712
Author(s):  
MARCOS ROCA-CUSACHS ◽  
MERCEDES PARIS ◽  
ALMA MOHAGAN ◽  
SUNGHOON JUNG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
External Appearance ◽  
The Family ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Male Genital

A new species of Urostylididae from the Philippine islands (Mindanao) is herein described. This new species, similar to Urolabida bipunctata Stål, 1871, differs from the latter in the shape of the external male genitalia. Urolabida bipunctata and the new species, Urolabida graziae Roca-Cusachs, sp. nov., are extremely similar in external appearance, and fit into the (incomplete) description of genus Urolabida Westwood, 1837. The examination and comparison with the type specimens of other Urostylididae species, especially the male genital capsule, clearly separates this two species from Urolabida tenera Westwood, 1837, the type species of the genus Urolabida, however the taxonomy of this group is not resolved and needs a deep revision, therefore we refrain from description of a new genus-group taxon here. Additionally, images of the type specimens of Urolabida tenera, Urostylis histrionica Westwood, 1837, and Urostylis punctigera Westwood, 1837, are provided and discussion on the current systematics and classification of the family, and particularly of genus Urolabida are also given. 

Description of Pseudaphelenchus zhoushanensis n. sp. (Tylenchina: Aphelenchoididae) found in the wood of Pinus thunbergii at Zhoushan Islands, Zhejiang Province, China

Nematology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 1151-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiwu Fang ◽  
Hongmei Li ◽  
Munawar Maria ◽  
Wim Bert
Keyword(s):  
Distal Part ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Pinus Thunbergii ◽  
Zhejiang Province ◽  
Female Tail ◽  
Lateral Lines ◽  
The Status ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Pointed End ◽  
A New Species

Pseudaphelenchus zhoushanensis n. sp. was isolated from a dead Pinus thunbergii at Changgang Mountain, Zhoushan Islands, Zhejiang Province, China. It is characterised by the small to medium length body, cuticle slightly annulated, presence of three lateral lines, stylet 9.0-10.7 μm with small but conspicuous basal knobs, excretory pore located from same level as the metacorpus to slightly anterior to metacorpus, true bursa surrounding entire tail but inconspicuous, male tail conical with a single mucron, spicule with distinct condylus and rostrum strongly arcuate to a pointed end, female tail conical with annulation, strongly ventrally bent in distal part of tail, with terminus bluntly pointed or finely mucronate. Phylogenetic analyses using sequences of the18S and 28S D2-D3 regions of rDNA confirmed the status of P. zhoushanensis n. sp. as a new species. Combining the molecular phylogenetic analyses, morphology and biology of P. zhoushanensis n. sp. and Tylaphelenchus jiaae indicates that T. jiaae is a member of Pseudaphelenchus to which it is herein transferred as P. jiaae n. comb. (= T. jiaae).

A new species of Japalura (Reptilia: Agamidae) from northeast India with a discussion of the similar species Japalura sagittifera Smith, 1940 and Japalura planidorsata Jerdon, 1870

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2212 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEPHEN MAHONY
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
The Status ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the agamid genus Japalura is described, based on three specimens from Mizoram, northeast India. Japalura otai sp. nov. is most similar to J. planidorsata and J. sagittifera and can be distinguished from all congeners by the following combination of characters: adult size (SVL male 46.4 mm, female 52.2–58.7 mm), tail length/SVL ratio 160.5–187.5%, 10–11 supralabials, 9–12 infralabials, 45–47 middorsal scales, 17–20 lamellae under finger IV, 20–22 lamellae under toe IV, tympanum concealed, axillary fold present, nuchal crest, gular fold and gular pouch absent, enlarged keeled dorsal scales present, body shape subquadrangular in cross section. Japalura sagittifera is here redescribed, a lectotype and a paralectotype designated and photographs of the type specimens made available for the first time. All known localities for these three species are provided. The status of the genus Oriotiaris which was recently revalidated is discussed in detail and again synonymized within Japalura. The currently recognised polyphyletic Japalura is discussed in relation to morphological characteristics.

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