Residual Herbicide Weed Control Systems in Peanut

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 560-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy L. Grey ◽  
Glenn R. Wehtje
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Residual Herbicide

Field studies were conducted to evaluate residual herbicides applied alone and with a contact weed control program in peanut in Georgia and Alabama. Residual herbicide treatments included pendimethalin preemergence (PRE) at 924 g ai/ha, diclosulam PRE at 18 and 26 g ai/ha, flumioxazin PRE at 70 and 104 g ai/ha, sulfentrazone PRE at 168 and 280 g ai/ha, and imazapic postemergence (POST) at 71 g ai/ha. All herbicides were applied alone and in combination with an early postemergence (EPOST) application of paraquat plus bentazon. Peanut injury ranged from 0 to 7% for diclosulam, from 0 to 28% for flumioxazin, from 0 to 59% for sulfentrazone, from 0 to 15% for imazapic, and from 4 to 12% for paraquat plus bentazon. Across locations and years, Florida beggarweed control was 92% or greater with flumioxazin PRE at 104 g/ha, 77% or greater with diclosulam PRE at 26 g/ha, 80% or greater with sulfentrazone PRE at 280 g/ha, ranged from 54 to 86% for imazapic POST, and was 68% or less for paraquat plus bentazon EPOST. For diclosulam, sulfentrazone, and imazapic, including paraquat plus bentazon EPOST improved Florida beggarweed control vs. these treatments alone. However, flumioxazin alone provided consistent and season-long Florida beggarweed control without paraquat plus bentazon EPOST. Sicklepod control with imazapic was consistently greater than 90%, but it was 70% or less with diclosulam, flumioxazin, and sulfentrazone. Paraquat plus bentazon EPOST used with the residual herbicide treatments resulted in variable sicklepod control ranging from 40 to 99%. Yellow nutsedge control was 95% or greater with sulfentrazone, varied from 56 to 93% with diclosulam, and was 87% or greater with imazapic. Tall and smallflower morningglory, wild poinsettia, Palmer amaranth, and bristly starbur control varied by residual herbicide treatment. Yields were similar for diclosulam, flumioxazin, sulfentrazone, and imazapic treated peanut.

scholarly journals Weed Control and Peanut Tolerance with Ethalfluralin-Based Herbicide Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Grichar ◽  
P. A. Dotray
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Tribulus Terrestris ◽  
Amaranthus Palmeri ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Devil’S Claw ◽  
Herbicide Treatments

Field studies were conducted from 2007 through 2009 to determine weed efficacy and peanut (Arachis hypogaeaL.) response to herbicide systems that included ethalfluralin applied preplant incorporated. Control of devil's claw (Proboscidea louisianica(Mill.) Thellung), yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentusL.), Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeriS. Wats.), and puncturevine (Tribulus terrestrisL.) was most consistent with ethalfluralin followed by either imazapic or imazethapyr applied postemergence. Peanut stunting was 19% when paraquat alone was applied early-postemergence. Stunting increased to greater than 30% when ethalfluralin applied preplant incorporated was followed byS-metolachlor applied preemergence and paraquat applied early-postemergence. Stunting (7%) was also observed when ethalfluralin was followed by flumioxazin plusS-metolachlor applied preemergence with lactofen applied mid-postemergence. Ethalfluralin followed by paraquat applied early-postemergence reduced peanut yield when compared to the nontreated check. Ethalfluralin applied preplant incorporated followed by imazapic applied mid-postemergence provided the greatest yield (6220 kg/ha). None of the herbicide treatments reduced peanut grade (sound mature kernels plus sound splits) when compared with the nontreated check.

Influence of Residual Herbicides on Rate of Paraquat and Glyphosate in Stale Seedbed Soybean (Glycine max)

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 960-965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Lanie ◽  
James L. Griffin ◽  
Daniel B. Reynolds ◽  
P. Roy Vidrine
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Hemp Sesbania ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Residual Herbicide ◽  
Control Tank

Field studies were conducted to evaluate weed control with paraquat and glyphosate applied at various rates alone and in combination with residual herbicides. Morningglory, prickly sida, and hemp sesbania control 28 d after treatment was similar regardless of herbicide treatment. In contrast, barnyardgrass control when paraquat was tank mixed with pendimethalin plus imazaquin was equal to that of paraquat alone but less than that for tank mixtures with metolachlor plus metribuzin plus chlorimuron or metolachlor plus metribuzin. Barnyardgrass control and soybean yield when paraquat was applied at 1050 g ai/ha in combination with metolachlor plus metribuzin plus chlorimuron or metolachlor plus metribuzin was greater than when the same residual herbicide treatments were applied with paraquat at 350 g/ha. Yield following glyphosate at 840 and 1120 g ai/ha in combination with residual herbicides was no greater than when glyphosate was applied alone, which was reflective of barnyardgrass control. Tank mixtures of glyphosate at 1680 g/ha with metolachlor plus metribuzin plus chlorimuron or metolachlor plus metribuzin resulted in soybean yield higher than for glyphosate alone. Regardless of the glyphosate and residual herbicide combination, soybean yield was no greater than when paraquat was applied at 350 g/ha in combination with metolachlor plus metribuzin plus chlorimuron.

Integration of residual herbicides with cover crop termination in soybean

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek M. Whalen ◽  
Lovreet S. Shergill ◽  
Lyle P. Kinne ◽  
Mandy D. Bish ◽  
Kevin W. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Cereal Rye ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Residual Herbicide ◽  
Herbicide Programs

AbstractCover crops have increased in popularity in midwestern U.S. corn and soybean systems in recent years. However, little research has been conducted to evaluate how cover crops and residual herbicides are effectively integrated together for weed control in a soybean production system. Field studies were conducted in 2016 and 2017 to evaluate summer annual weed control and to determine the effect of cover crop biomass on residual herbicide reaching the soil. The herbicide treatments consisted of preplant (PP) applications of glyphosate plus 2,4-D with or without sulfentrazone plus chlorimuron at two different timings, 21 and 7 d prior to soybean planting (DPP). Cover crops evaluated included winter vetch, cereal rye, Italian ryegrass, oat, Austrian winter pea, winter wheat, and a winter vetch plus cereal rye mixture. Herbicide treatments were applied to tilled and nontilled soil without cover crop for comparison. The tillage treatment resulted in low weed biomass at all collection intervals after both application timings, which corresponded to tilled soil having the highest sulfentrazone concentration (171 ng g−1) compared with all cover crop treatments. When applied PP, herbicide treatments applied 21 DPP with sulfentrazone had greater weed (93%) and waterhemp (89%) control than when applied 7 DPP (60% and 69%, respectively). When applied POST, herbicide treatments with a residual herbicide resulted in greater weed and waterhemp control at 7 DPP (83% and 77%, respectively) than at 21 DPP (74% and 61%, respectively). Herbicide programs that included a residual herbicide had the highest soybean yields (≥3,403 kg ha−1). Results from this study indicate that residual herbicides can be effectively integrated either PP or POST in conjunction with cover crop termination applications, but termination timing and biomass accumulation will affect the amount of sulfentrazone reaching the soil.

Residual Weed Control with Imazapic, Diclosulam, and Flumioxazin in Southeastern Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Grey ◽  
D. C. Bridges ◽  
E. P. Prostko ◽  
E. F. Eastin ◽  
W. C. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Control Data ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Residual Herbicide ◽  
Residual Control

Abstract Imazapic, diclosulam, and flumioxazin have been registered for use in peanut since 1996. These herbicides provide substantial residual control of broadleaf weeds in peanut. A comprehensive review was conducted for these residual herbicides to determine their role in future weed control systems in peanuts. Weed control data for research from over 100 experiments conducted from 1990–2000 by Georgia, Florida, and Auburn Universities and USDA-ARS scientists were compiled. Residual herbicide systems evaluated were imazapic postemergence (POST) at 71 g ai/ha, flumioxazin preemergence (PRE) at 70, 87, and 104 g ai/ha, diclosulam preplant incorporated (PPI) and PRE at 18 and 26 g ai/ha, and paraquat plus bentazon early POST (EPOST). Other treatments included the residual herbicides used in combination with paraquat plus bentazon EPOST, for a total of 17 treatments. Regionally important weeds were selected and included: sicklepod, Florida beggarweed, purple and yellow nut-sedge, Ipomoea morningglory species, and smallflower morningglory. Sicklepod control with imazapic alone was 86% (50 tests), 73% (25 tests) with paraquat plus bentazon, and 63% or less with diclosulam and flumioxazin regardless of rate. Florida beggarweed control was 90% (29 tests) with flumioxazin (104 g/ha PRE); 78% (50 tests) with diclosulam 26 g/ha PPI; 72% (72 tests) with imazapic; and 70% (40 tests) with paraquat plus bentazon. Purple and yellow nutsedge control was 90% with imazapic. Yellow nutsedge control was 78% (18 tests) with diclosulam (26 g/ha PRE) and less than 69% with flumioxazin and paraquat plus bentazon. Paraquat plus bentazon increased weed control over residual herbicides alone.

Preemergence Herbicides plus Postemergence Chloroxuron on Soybeans

Weed Science ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 548-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. V. Parochetti ◽  
R. W. Feeny ◽  
S. R. Colby
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Ipomoea Purpurea ◽  
The Third ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Preemergence Herbicides

Greenhouse and field studies were conducted with 3-[p-(p-chlorophenoxy)phenyl]-1,1-dimethylurea (chloroxuron). Tolerant soybean(Glycine max(L.) Merr.) and susceptible tall morningglory(Ipomoea purpurea(L.) Roth.) and ivyleaf morningglory(I. hederacea(L.) Jacq.) were studied with both root and foliar chloroxuron applications. Soybean tolerance to chloroxuron was reduced when treatments occurred in the unifoliate stage; greatest soybean tolerance was noted when soybeans were treated in either the cotyledonary or third trifoliage stage. Tall and ivyleaf morningglory were susceptible to chloroxuron until about 21 days of age (five true leaves), after which resistance increased. Root applications of chloroxuron were more phytotoxic than foliar applications for soybeans and both species of morningglory. In a 3-year study in the field, the following sequential herbicide treatments of either α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine (trifluralin), 4-(methylsulfonyl-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropylaniline (nitralin),S-propyl dipropylthiocarbamte (vernolate), or 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea (linuron) applied preemergence plus chloroxuron postemergence resulted in higher soybean yields than any single herbicide treatment. Weed control was better with the sequential combinations. All sequential combinations with chloroxuron caused soybean injury. Greatest soybean injury occurred when chloroxuron was applied in the first and second trifoliate stage than in the third trifoliate stage. Vernolate alone caused some injury in certain years.

Comparison of Imazethapyr and Paraquat-Based Weed Control Systems in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 813-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy L. Grey ◽  
Glenn R. Wehtje ◽  
Robert H. Walker ◽  
Krishna P. Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge

Field studies were conducted from 1991 through 1993 to compare Weed control, peanut tolerance, yield, and net return from imazethapyr applied alone or in combination with paraquat. Sicklepod and Florida beggarweed were controlled with paraquat early POST followed by a POST application of either paraquat with 2,4-DB or paraquat with 2,4-DB and bentazon. Imazethapyr-based early POST treatments offered no improvement. An early POST application of paraquat with bentazon or imazethapyr was required for maximum control of bristly starbur. Imazethapyr applied alone early POST, with no further treatment, provided optimum yellow nutsedge control. Maximum yield and net return were associated with any paraquat-containing early POST-applied treatment followed by one of the tank mixed POST options.

scholarly journals Influence of Flumioxazin Rate and Herbicide Combinations on Weed Control in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Grey ◽  
D. C. Bridges ◽  
E. F. Eastin ◽  
G. E. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Small Flower

Abstract Field studies were conducted during 1997 and 1998 at three different locations in Georgia to determine peanut and weed response to pendimethalin at 1.1 kg ai/ha applied preplantincorporated (PPI) followed by flumioxazin at 71, 87, and 105 g ai/ha applied preemergence (PRE). Other residual treatments combinations with pendimethalin PPI included flumioxazin mixed with metolachlor or dimethenamid PRE, diclosulam PRE, norflurazon PRE, and imazapic applied postemergence (POST). Herbicide combinations that included flumioxazin controlled Florida beggarweed, tropic croton, and small flower morningglory at least 78% or greater. Late season Florida beggarweed control was 90% or greater with pendimethalin PPI plus flumioxazin at 87 to 105 g/ha applied PRE. Pendimethalin plus flumioxazin did not control sicklepod or yellow nutsedge. Smallflower morningglory control with all herbicide treatments was 90% or greater. Entireleaf morningglory control (when used in combination with pendimethalin PPI) increased from 80% with flumioxazin at 105 g/ha to 90% for flumioxazin in combination with metolachlor. Yields were similar for flumioxazin, norflurazon, imazapic, and diclosulam treated peanut.

Evaluation of Thiencarbazone-methyl– and Isoxaflutole-Based Herbicide Programs in Corn

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel O. Stephenson ◽  
Jason A. Bond
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Herbicide Programs ◽  
Weed Resistance

Field studies were conducted in Louisiana and Mississippi in 2009 and 2010 to evaluate PRE herbicide treatments containing isoxaflutole or a prepackaged mixture of thiencarbazone-methyl : isoxaflutole (TCM : isoxaflutole) for weed control in corn. PRE treatments included the premix of TCM : isoxaflutole alone (30 : 80 g ai ha−1) and with atrazine (1,120 g ai ha−1), isoxaflutole alone (90 g ai ha−1) and with atrazine (1,120 g ai ha−1), and the premix of atrazine plus S-metolachlor (1,820 plus 1,410 g ai ha−1). POST treatments included glufosinate (450 g ai ha−1) or glyphosate (870 g ae ha−1) applied to 30-cm corn along with a no POST treatment. All PRE treatments controlled barnyardgrass, entireleaf morningglory, rhizomatous johnsongrass, Palmer amaranth, and velvetleaf 87 to 95% 4 wk after planting (WAP) and browntop millet and hophornbeam copperleaf were controlled 86 to 95% 8 WAP. Weed control was improved 8 and 20 WAP when either POST treatment was applied. TCM : isoxaflutole plus atrazine controlled barnyardgrass, entireleaf morningglory, Palmer amaranth, and velvetleaf at least 90% 20 WAP regardless of POST treatment. TCM : isoxaflutole plus atrazine provided greater control of browntop millet (90%) than isoxaflutole alone or with atrazine and atrazine plus S-metolachlor where control was 86% 20 WAP. Pooled across POST treatments, all PRE treatments containing isoxaflutole or TCM : isoxaflutole controlled rhizomatous johnsongrass better (74 to 76%) than atrazine plus S-metolachlor (67%). Corn yield following herbicide treatments ranged from 9,280 to 11,040 kg ha−1 compared with 9,110 kg ha−1 for the nontreated. Results indicate that TCM : isoxaflutole or isoxaflutole PRE is an option for use in a corn weed management program and may prolong the use of atrazine where weed resistance may be an issue. Where rhizomatous johnsongrass is a problem, TCM : isoxaflutole or isoxaflutole PRE can provide better control than atrazine plus S-metolachlor PRE. Without PRE treatments, glufosinate or glyphosate was needed for season-long weed control.

Weed Control in Narrow and Wide-Row Soybeans

Weed Science ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.M. Wax ◽  
W.R. Nave ◽  
R.L. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
Annual Grasses ◽  
Weed Infestation

Field studies were conducted over a 3-yr period to evaluate weed control systems for soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] grown in 18- and 76-cm rows. Combinations of herbicides satisfactorily controlled a broad spectrum of annual grass and broadleaf weeds in soybeans grown in 76-cm rows with cultivation and in 18-cm rows without cultivation. Where a single herbicide treatment was used to control only annual grasses, the 76-cm rows (which were cultivated once) yielded from essentially the same as 18-cm rows up to almost 50% more than the 18-cm rows, which received no cultivation, depending on the year and broadleaf weed infestation. However, where herbicide combinations were used to effectively control all weeds, soybeans in 18-cm rows averaged up to 9% higher yields than those in the 76-cm rows.

Canada fleabane (Conyza canadensis) control with preplant applied residual herbicides followed by 2,4-D choline/glyphosate DMA applied postemergence in corn

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (7) ◽  
pp. 1231-1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Ford ◽  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Darren E. Robinson ◽  
Robert E. Nurse ◽  
Allan McFadden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Conyza Canadensis ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Modes Of Action ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Excellent Control ◽  
Residual Herbicide ◽  
Selection Of

Ford, L., Soltani, N., Robinson, D. E., Nurse, R. E., McFadden, A. and Sikkema, P. H. 2014. Canada fleabane (Conyza canadensis) control with preplant applied residual herbicides followed by 2,4-D choline/glyphosate DMA applied postemergence in corn. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 1231–1237. Glyphosate resistant (GR) Canada fleabane (Conyza canadensis) is an extremely problematic weed in no-tillage farming operations. A total of five field trials were conducted over a 2-yr (2012 and 2013) period in Ontario to determine the level of GR Canada fleabane control with a two-pass weed control program of a pre plant (PP) residual herbicide followed by 2,4-D choline/glyphosate dimethylamine (DMA) applied POST. Among residual herbicide treatments evaluated, s-metolachlor (1600 g a.i. ha−1)+flumetsulam (50 g a.i. ha−1)+clopyralid (135 g a.e. ha−1) provided the most consistent (95–99%) control across all sites 8 wk after application (WAA). S-metolachlor/atrazine (1800 g a.i. ha–1) did not provide effective GR Canada fleabane control (21–86%) 8 WAA. The preplant residual herbicides followed by 2,4-D choline/glyphosate DMA (1720 g a.e. ha−1) POST provided 97–100% control. Glyphosate (900 g a.e. ha−1) applied PP followed by 2,4-D choline/glyphosate DMA POST provided 80–93% control 8 WAA. The application of 2,4-D choline/glyphosate DMA POST following any PP residual herbicide resulted in 97% or greater control of GR Canada fleabane. Results from this research demonstrate that residual herbicides applied PP followed by 2,4-D choline/glyphosate DMA POST provides excellent control of GR Canada fleabane, and also incorporates different modes of action thereby limiting the selection of resistant weeds.

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