scholarly journals Influence of Flumioxazin Rate and Herbicide Combinations on Weed Control in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Grey ◽  
D. C. Bridges ◽  
E. F. Eastin ◽  
G. E. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Small Flower

Abstract Field studies were conducted during 1997 and 1998 at three different locations in Georgia to determine peanut and weed response to pendimethalin at 1.1 kg ai/ha applied preplantincorporated (PPI) followed by flumioxazin at 71, 87, and 105 g ai/ha applied preemergence (PRE). Other residual treatments combinations with pendimethalin PPI included flumioxazin mixed with metolachlor or dimethenamid PRE, diclosulam PRE, norflurazon PRE, and imazapic applied postemergence (POST). Herbicide combinations that included flumioxazin controlled Florida beggarweed, tropic croton, and small flower morningglory at least 78% or greater. Late season Florida beggarweed control was 90% or greater with pendimethalin PPI plus flumioxazin at 87 to 105 g/ha applied PRE. Pendimethalin plus flumioxazin did not control sicklepod or yellow nutsedge. Smallflower morningglory control with all herbicide treatments was 90% or greater. Entireleaf morningglory control (when used in combination with pendimethalin PPI) increased from 80% with flumioxazin at 105 g/ha to 90% for flumioxazin in combination with metolachlor. Yields were similar for flumioxazin, norflurazon, imazapic, and diclosulam treated peanut.

scholarly journals Weed Control and Peanut Tolerance with Ethalfluralin-Based Herbicide Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Grichar ◽  
P. A. Dotray
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Tribulus Terrestris ◽  
Amaranthus Palmeri ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Devil’S Claw ◽  
Herbicide Treatments

Field studies were conducted from 2007 through 2009 to determine weed efficacy and peanut (Arachis hypogaeaL.) response to herbicide systems that included ethalfluralin applied preplant incorporated. Control of devil's claw (Proboscidea louisianica(Mill.) Thellung), yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentusL.), Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeriS. Wats.), and puncturevine (Tribulus terrestrisL.) was most consistent with ethalfluralin followed by either imazapic or imazethapyr applied postemergence. Peanut stunting was 19% when paraquat alone was applied early-postemergence. Stunting increased to greater than 30% when ethalfluralin applied preplant incorporated was followed byS-metolachlor applied preemergence and paraquat applied early-postemergence. Stunting (7%) was also observed when ethalfluralin was followed by flumioxazin plusS-metolachlor applied preemergence with lactofen applied mid-postemergence. Ethalfluralin followed by paraquat applied early-postemergence reduced peanut yield when compared to the nontreated check. Ethalfluralin applied preplant incorporated followed by imazapic applied mid-postemergence provided the greatest yield (6220 kg/ha). None of the herbicide treatments reduced peanut grade (sound mature kernels plus sound splits) when compared with the nontreated check.

scholarly journals Imazethapyr Systems for Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Richburg ◽  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
William K. Vencill
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Peanut Crop ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Prickly Sida

Abstract Field studies conducted in 1992 at Tifton and Midville, GA and in 1993 at Attapulgus, GA evaluated imazethapyr systems for weed control, peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) injury, and yield. The standard of imazethapyr + paraquat early postemergence (EPOST) followed by paraquat + 2,4-DB + bentazon postemergence (POST) controlled at least 87% of bristly starbur, prickly sida, smallflower morningglory, and yellow nutsedge and the peanut crop yielded 3310 kg/ha. This standard controlled Florida beggarweed (46 and 83% control) and sicklepod (74 and 88% control) in 1992 and 1993; respectively. Imazethapyr PPI at 36 and 72 g/ha controlled bristly starbur 78 and 100%, respectively, and controlled prickly sida and smallflower morningglory at least 90%. Imazethapyr PPI at 36 and 72 g/ha controlled yellow nutsedge 83 and 80%, respectively. Imazethapyr did not control sicklepod or Florida beggarweed. Control of these two species and high peanut yields required a POST application of a paraquat mixture.

Foliar Penetration and Phytotoxicity of Paraquat as Influenced by Peanut Cultivar1

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Wehtje ◽  
J. W. Wilcut ◽  
J. A. McGuire ◽  
T. V. Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Foliar Absorption ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Peanut Cultivars

Abstract Field studies were conducted over a three year period to examine the sensitivity of four peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars (Florunner, Sunrunner, Southern runner, and NC 7) to foliar applications of paraquat (1, 1′-dimethyl-4, 4′-bipyridinium ion). Treatments included an untreated control and four herbicide treatments: paraquat applied alone at 0.14 and 0.28 kg/ha, or tank mixed with alachlor [2-chloro-N-(2, 6-diethylphenyl)-N-(methoxymethyl)acetamide] at 4.40 kg/ha. Weeds were hand-removed so that only herbicidal treatments were variables. Paraquat phytotoxicity did not differ between cultivars. No cultivar evaluated was abnormally sensitive nor tolerant to any paraquat-containing treatment. Laboratory studies utilizing radio labelled paraquat revealed that foliar absorption and translocation of paraquat did not vary between peanut cultivars. Yield differences were attributed to differences in yield potential between cultivars.

scholarly journals Eclipta (Eclipta prostrata L.) Control in Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.)1

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. V. Altom ◽  
R. B. Westerman ◽  
D. S. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Butanoic Acid ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Nitrobenzoic Acid ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Eclipta Prostrata ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Sequential Treatments

Abstract Field experiments were conducted from 1991 to 1993 to evaluate eclipta, Eclipta prostrata L., control and peanut, Arachis hypogaea L., response to herbicide treatments. Fomesafen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoro-methyl)phenoxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)-2-nitrobenzamide} applied at cracking was the only preemergence-applied herbicide which provided season-long control (>84%). Herbicides applied postemergence were more effective when the eclipta was less than 5 cm in height. The most consistent early postemergence treatments were bromoxynil (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile), bentazon [3-(1-methylethyl)-(1H)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazm-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide], and bentazon + acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} + 2,4-DB [4-(2,4-dichloro-phenoxy)butanoic acid]. Various other early postemergence followed by late postemergence sequential treatments also were equally effective. Minor peanut injury was observed at the early season rating from several herbicides; however, all injury had disappeared by the late season rating. Eclipta control did not consistently improve peanut pod yield.

Postemergence AC 263,222 Systems for Weed Control in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

Weed Science ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 615-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
John S. Richburg ◽  
Gerald L. Wiley ◽  
F. Robert Walls
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Crop Injury ◽  
Ac 263,222 ◽  
Prickly Sida

Field studies in 1990 and 1991 at six locations in Georgia and one location in North Carolina evaluated AC 263,222 for weed control, peanut tolerance, and yield. AC 263,222 applied early postemergence at 71 g ai ha−1controlled bristly starbur, coffee senna, common lambsquarters,Ipomoeaspecies, prickly sida, sicklepod, smallflower morningglory, and yellow nutsedge at least 91%. AC 263,222 controlled common cocklebur 77% and Florida beggarweed from 47 to 100%. Crop injury was 4% for AC 263,222 applied once and 12% or less from two applications. Mixtures of bentazon with AC 263,222 did not improve control compared to AC 263,222 alone. Imazethapyr did not improve control of AC 263,222 systems. In several locations, bentazon reduced control of Florida beggarweed with AC 263,222 when applied in a mixture compared to AC 263,222 alone. Weed control from the standard of paraquat plus bentazon applied early postemergence followed by paraquat, bentazon plus 2,4-DB applied POST did not provide the level or spectrum of weed control as AC 263,222 systems.

Using Soil-Applied Herbicides in Glyphosate-Resistant Soybeans along the Texas Gulf Coast

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. James Grichar
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Texas Gulf Coast ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Untreated Check

Field studies were conducted at four locations over a 2-year period to evaluate the utility of soil-applied herbicides and glyphosate timing for weed control and soybean yield. Pendimethalin,S-metolachlor plus metribuzin, and flufenacet plus metribuzin were applied pre-emergence (PRE) alone or followed by glyphosate applied early postemergence (EPOST), late postemergence (LPOST), or EPOST plus LPOST. Soil-applied herbicides or glyphosate alone failed to control (<45%) broadleaf signalgrass in 2003 due to late-season rainfall, which accounted for a late flush of growth. In 2004, soil-applied herbicides alone controlled 79–100% broadleaf signalgrass, whereas glyphosate alone or in combination with soil-applied herbicides controlled at least 99%. Barnyardgrass and tall waterhemp were controlled at least 87% with soil-applied herbicides alone and at least 95% when glyphosate was used alone or in combination with a soil-applied herbicide. Soybean yield varied, but at only one location did herbicide treatments produce higher yields than the untreated check. Under low to moderate weed pressure, the use of a soil-applied herbicide followed by glyphosate failed to increase net returns over soil-applied herbicides alone.

Comparison of Imazethapyr and Paraquat-Based Weed Control Systems in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 813-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy L. Grey ◽  
Glenn R. Wehtje ◽  
Robert H. Walker ◽  
Krishna P. Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge

Field studies were conducted from 1991 through 1993 to compare Weed control, peanut tolerance, yield, and net return from imazethapyr applied alone or in combination with paraquat. Sicklepod and Florida beggarweed were controlled with paraquat early POST followed by a POST application of either paraquat with 2,4-DB or paraquat with 2,4-DB and bentazon. Imazethapyr-based early POST treatments offered no improvement. An early POST application of paraquat with bentazon or imazethapyr was required for maximum control of bristly starbur. Imazethapyr applied alone early POST, with no further treatment, provided optimum yellow nutsedge control. Maximum yield and net return were associated with any paraquat-containing early POST-applied treatment followed by one of the tank mixed POST options.

Use of F6285 for Weed Control in Peanut: Efficacy and Crop Injury1,2

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Carroll Johnson ◽  
Benjamin G. Mullinix
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Severely Injured ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Crop Injury

Abstract Field studies in 1991 and 1992 at Tifton and Attapulgus, GA evaluated the weed control efficacy and crop safety of F6285 on peanut. Treated peanut were stunted by F6285 and had chlorotic leaflet margins. The degree and persistence of injury varied according to rate of F6285. The lowest rate of F6285 (0.14 kg ai ha-1) produced the aforementioned symptoms early in the season, but peanut recovered by late season with no yield effects (P≤0.05). F6285 at 0.28 and 0.42 kg ha-1 severely injured peanut and reduced yields. Preemergence and vegetative emergence applications of F6285 were equally injurious. F6285 effectively controlled yellow nutsedge at rates as low as 0.14 kg ha-1, but sicklepod was not controlled at rates up to 0.42 kg ha-1. F6285 controlled yellow nutsedge more effectively that standard treatments of metolachlor or imazethapyr, but crop injury from F6285 was greater (P≤0.05) than from other herbicides.

scholarly journals Influence of Application Rate and Timing of Diclosulam on Weed Control in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Grey ◽  
D. C. Bridges ◽  
E. F. Eastin
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Sida Spinosa ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Herbicide Programs

Abstract Field studies were conducted from 1996 to 1998 in Georgia to determine peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and weed response to ethalfluralin (0.8 kg ai/ha) plus diclosulam applied preplant incorporated (PPI) at 9, 18, 26, 35 and 52 g ai/ha. Other treatments included ethalfluralin PPI followed by paraquat plus bentazon (140 and 280 g ai/ha, respectively) early postemergence (EPOST) applied alone or following ethalfluralin plus diclosulam (18 and 26 g ai/ha) PPI, ethalfluralin PPI followed by imazapic (71 g ai/ha) postemergence (POST), and ethalfluralin PPI. Ethalfluralin was applied PPI in all herbicide programs. Diclosulam controlled Florida beggarweed [Desmodium tortuosum (Sweet) D.C.], sicklepod [Senna obtusifolia (L.) Irwin and Barneby], and yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.) inconsistently, and POST application of paraquat plus bentazon was needed for acceptable control. However, diclosulam controlled common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.), tropic croton (Croton glandulosus Muell-Arg.), wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla L.), and prickly sida (Sida spinosa L.) without the need for POST herbicides. Higher yields were recorded with diclosulam PPI followed by a sequential application of paraquat plus bentazon than herbicide programs not containing diclosulam or diclosulam alone. Diclosulam PPI followed by sequential applications of paraquat plus bentazon provided greater control of sicklepod and prickly sida that resulted in greater yields. Yields from dicosulam PPI followed by paraquat plus bentazon EPOST were equivalent to yields with paraquat plus bentazon EPOST followed by imazapic POST or imazapic EPOST.

Weed Control and Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivar Response to Encapsulated Acetochlor

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. James Grichar ◽  
Peter A. Dotray ◽  
Luke M. Etheredge
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Tolerance Study ◽  
Peanut Production

ABSTRACT Field studies were conducted during 2011 and 2012 in the Texas peanut production regions to evaluate encapsulated acetochlor for weed control and cultivar response. Acetochlor alone applied preemergence (PRE) controlled horse purslane, Palmer amaranth, smellmelon, and Texas millet as well as flumioxazin or S-metolachlor. The addition of pendimethalin to either acetochlor, flumioxazin, or S-metolachlor did improve weed control in some instances. In another study comparing the three above mentioned herbicides alone or followed by lactofen postemergence (POST), the addition of lactofen to acetochlor, flumioxazin, or S-metolachlor improved control of smellmelon and Palmer amaranth in some instances but did not affect horse purslane control. In a tolerance study to evaluate potential differences in variety response to acetochlor at 1.26 (1X) and 2.52 kg ai/ha (2X) applied preplant incorporated (PPI), PRE, early postemergence (EPOST), or POST, peanut yield or grade was not affected by either rate of acetochlor or application timing.

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