AN APPRAISAL OF SWIRL ATOMIZER INVISCID FLOW ANALYSIS, PART 2: INVISCID SPRAY CONE ANGLE ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF INVISCID METHODS WITH EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS FOR DISCHARGE COEFFICIENT, AIR CORE RADIUS, AND SPRAY CONE ANGLE

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Joss Chinn
Keyword(s):  
Discharge Coefficient ◽  
Cone Angle ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Inviscid Flow ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Core Radius ◽  
Spray Cone Angle ◽  
Spray Cone ◽  
Air Core ◽  
Swirl Atomizer

scholarly journals Effect of Inlet Slot Number on the Spray Cone Angle and Discharge Coefficient of Swirl Atomizer

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 1781-1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Syazwan Firdaus Mat Rashid ◽  
Ahmad Hussein Abdul Hamid ◽  
Ow Chee Sheng ◽  
Zulkifli Abdul Ghaffar
Keyword(s):  
Discharge Coefficient ◽  
Cone Angle ◽  
Spray Cone Angle ◽  
Spray Cone ◽  
Swirl Atomizer

scholarly journals Experimental Study of Spray Characteristics of Kerosene-Ethanol Blends from a Pressure-Swirl Nozzle

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Bo Dong ◽  
Xun Zhou ◽  
Linan Guan ◽  
Weizhong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discharge Coefficient ◽  
Cone Angle ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Spray Characteristics ◽  
Spray Cone Angle ◽  
Spray Cone ◽  
Breakup Length ◽  
Ethanol Blends ◽  
Pressure Swirl ◽  
Spray Velocity

Partial replacement of kerosene by ethanol in a gas turbine is regarded as a good way to improve the spray quality and reduce the fossil energy consumption. The present work is aimed at studying the spray characteristics of kerosene-ethanol blends discharging from a pressure-swirl nozzle. The spray cone angle, discharge coefficient, breakup length, and velocity distribution are obtained by particle image velocimetry, while droplet size is acquired by particle/droplet imaging analysis. Kerosene, E10 (10% ethanol, 90% kerosene), E20 (20% ethanol, 80% kerosene), and E30 (30% ethanol, 70% kerosene) have been considered under the injection pressure of 0.1–1 MPa. The results show that as injection pressure is increased, the discharge coefficient and breakup length decrease, while the spray cone angle, drop size, and spray velocity increase. Meanwhile, the drop size decreases and the spray velocity increases with ethanol concentration when the injection pressure is lower than 0.8 MPa. However, the spray characteristics are not affected obviously by the ethanol concentration when the injection pressure exceeds 0.8 MPa. A relation to breakup length for kerosene-ethanol blends is obtained. The findings demonstrate that the adding of ethanol into kerosene can promote atomization performance.

Experimental Study of Cavitating Flow inside Enlarged Transparent Injector Nozzles and its Effect on Spray

2014 ◽  
Vol 945-949 ◽  
pp. 935-939
Author(s):  
Yu Hang Chen ◽  
Zhi Xia He ◽  
Xiao Bin Chen ◽  
Ding Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Discharge Coefficient ◽  
Cone Angle ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Flow Region ◽  
Cavitating Flow ◽  
Spray Cone Angle ◽  
Spray Cone ◽  
Biodiesel Fuels

The complicated cavitating flow inside diesel nozzles has long been concentrated on. Based on the visualization experimental system, cavitating flow characteristic inside transparent nozzles with different length-diameter ratios was investigated in this paper. Experimental results showed that the cavitation is easier to occur for diesel than for biodiesel, and the longer the length of the orifice is, the harder the cavitation and hydraulic flip phenomenon to occur. Discharge coefficient of diesel was higher than that of biodiesel in single-phase flow region, while got much smaller than that of biodiesel in the cavitating flow and hydraulic flip regions.The spray cone angle of diesel was larger than biodiesel in cavitating flow regime, and got much smaller with the increasing of the length-diameter ratios under the same level of injection pressure in diesel and biodiesel fuels.

Numerical Analysis of Pressure Swirl Atomizer

2015 ◽  
Vol 798 ◽  
pp. 190-194
Author(s):  
Mehmet Kahraman ◽  
Guven Komurgoz ◽  
Ibrahim Ozkol
Keyword(s):  
Cone Angle ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Internal Flow ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Spray Cone Angle ◽  
Spray Cone ◽  
Swirl Atomizer ◽  
Pressure Swirl ◽  
Pressure Swirl Atomizer

Atomization quality of liquids has a great importance on the performance of combustion engines. In this study the internal flow phenome of pressure swirl atomizer is investigated by using numerical method. The design of swirl atomizer is performed based on the requested atomizer characteristics which are sauter mean diamer (SMD), spray cone angle and break up length. Prediction and understanding of liquid film dynamics in the atomizer inside are the fundamental ways to explore atomizer performance. The purpose of this study is to estimate the air core size and film thickness in pressure swirl atomizer by setting single phase numeric computations. This article concludes that the CFD validated swirl atomizer design can be achieved with the lower computational cost using stream function methodology.

Characteristics of Hollow Cone Swirl Spray at Various Nozzle Orifice Diameters

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hussein ◽  
M. Hafiz ◽  
H. Rashid ◽  
A. Halim ◽  
W. Wisnoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discharge Coefficient ◽  
Cone Angle ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Orifice Diameter ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Spray Characteristics ◽  
Spray Cone Angle ◽  
Spray Cone ◽  
Nozzle Orifice ◽  
Breakup Length

An experimental work to investigate the swirl spray characteristics that emanates from hollow–cone and solid–cone spray simplex atomizers is presented. Main objective of the research is to investigate the spray characteristics, i.e. spray breakup length, discharge coefficient and spray cone angle at different nozzle orifice diameter and injection pressure. Discharge coefficient is almost uninfluenced by the operating Reynolds number. This test also reveals that both breakup length and spray cone angle increases as orifice diameter is increased. Higher injection pressure leads to shorter breakup length and wider spray cone angle.

Effects of orifice divergence on hollow cone spray at low injection pressures

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (11) ◽  
pp. 4091-4105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kushal Ghate ◽  
Thirumalachari Sundararajan
Keyword(s):  
Cone Angle ◽  
Sheet Thickness ◽  
Liquid Sheet ◽  
Divergence Angle ◽  
Sauter Mean Diameter ◽  
Spray Cone Angle ◽  
Spray Cone ◽  
Air Core ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Injection Pressures

In this work, the effects of orifice divergence on spray characteristics have been reported. Parameters such as spray cone angle, liquid sheet thickness, coefficient of discharge, break-up length, and Sauter mean diameter are greatly affected by the half divergence angle [Formula: see text] at orifice exit. An experimental investigation is carried out in which water sprays from five atomizers having half divergence angle values of 0°, 5°, 10°, 15°, and 20° are studied at different injection pressures. Image processing techniques are used to measure spray cone angle and break-up length from spray images, whereas the sheet thickness outside the orifice exit is obtained using the scattered light from a thin Nd-YAG Laser beam. Phase Doppler interferometry is also used to obtain the Sauter mean diameter at different axial locations. A few numerical simulations based on the volume of fluid method are included to obtain physical insight of the liquid film development and air core flow inside the atomizer. It is observed that the liquid sheet thickness as well as tangential and radial components of velocity at orifice exit are modified drastically with a change in half divergence angle. As a consequence, the droplet size distribution is also altered by variation in the nozzle divergence angle. The mechanism responsible for such variations in the spray behavior is identified as the formation of an air core or air cone inside the liquid injector as a result of the swirl imparted to the liquid flow.

scholarly journals Effect of Low Ambient Pressure on Spray Cone Angle of Pressure Swirl Atomizer

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Zhengyan Guo ◽  
Yi Jin ◽  
Kai Zhang ◽  
Kanghong Yao ◽  
Yunbiao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Cone Angle ◽  
Spray Angle ◽  
High Speed Photography ◽  
Spray Cone Angle ◽  
Spray Cone ◽  
Swirl Atomizer ◽  
Pressure Swirl ◽  
Pressure Swirl Atomizer

Pressure swirl atomizers are widely used in gas turbine combustor; this paper is aimed at researching the effect of low ambient pressure (0.1 MPa to 0.01 MPa, lower than an atmosphere) on the spray cone angle of pressure swirl atomizer. The spray angle is captured by high-speed photography; then, an image post program is used to process the spray angle magnitude. A mathematical model of a single droplet’s movement and trajectory based on force analysis is proposed to validate the spray angle variation. The maximum variation of the spray cone angle, which is observed when fuel supply pressure drop through the atomizer is 1 MPa as the ambient pressure decreases from 0.1 MPa to 0.01 MPa, is found to be 23.9%. The experimental results show that the spray cone angle is expected to increase with the ambient pressure decrease; meanwhile, mathematical results agree well with this trend.

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