Some Biologically Active Substances from Medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (W. Curt.:Fr.) P. Karst. (Aphyllophoromycetideae)

In the carried out of the research, Xylotroph macromycetes have been researched as a perspective producer of bıologıcal actıve substances used for various purposes today in world practice which spread in Azerbaijan and some of their features (the biological activity of synthesized metabolites, toxicity, antimicrobial activity and dynamics of biomass formation ). It became clear that fungi such as Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst., Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.) Murrill, Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm, Schyzophyllum commune Fr and Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd considered as a perspective producer of bıologıcal actıve substances is widely spread in the forests of Azerbaijan, and some of them are even dominant species of xylomicobiot inherent in the nature of Azerbaijan. As a result of studies with isolated strains of these fungi, it was shown that both in the culture solution (CS) and in the vegetative mycelia (VB), there are metabolites with biological activity. The result of research also became clear that antimicrobial activity of CS in all cases is higher than in water or alcohol extracts of dry biomass (1,1-1,2 times), although it defines the overall biological activity of VB extracts to the relationship of Paramecium caudatum gives a higher increase effect. In addition, the selected active strains do not lag behind the known strains in terms of the amount of biomass formed (up to 8.7 g/l in 7 days) and manifestations of forms of biological activity. This gives a serious basis to realize the production of biologically active substances for different (food, feed, medical and other) purposes on their basis.

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Types of Mycobiota of Volgograd Region and Prospects of Their Use as a Source of Biologically Active Substances for Cosmetic Purposes

10.15688/nsr.jvolsu.2021.1.7 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 50-54

Author(s):

Victoria Zemlyanko ◽

Nadezhda Kuragina ◽

Vadim Sagalaev

Keyword(s):

Ganoderma Lucidum ◽

Trametes Versicolor ◽

Microscopic Analysis ◽

Biologically Active Substances ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Populus Alba ◽

Inonotus Obliquus ◽

Living Tree ◽

Volgograd Region ◽

Active Substances

The article for the first time provides a consolidated list of mushrooms of Volgograd region used in cosmetology due to the presence of biologically active substances in their composition, for example, the polysaccharide glucuronoxylomannan. These compounds have immunostimulating, radioprotective, antiinflammatory, antioxidant and anti-allergenic effects. Thanks to this, masks and creams containing these substances tone and restore the skin, while lotions and tonics strengthen the hair structure. The inventory of mycobiota was carried out using the route method. Each route was about 10 km long. The mushrooms found in laboratory conditions were identified by the microscopic analysis of the samples using modern methods of light microscopy and a standard set of chemical reagents (5% KOH alkali solution, Meltzer’s reagent). MIKMED-5 light microscope was used to study the microscopic structures and determine the samples. As a result of research in 2018–2020, 8 species of macromycetes used in cosmetology were identified in the mycobiota of the region: Amanita muscaria (L.), Calvatia gigantea (Batsch) Lloyd, Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst., Grifola frondosa (Dicks.) Gray, Inonotus obliquus (Fr.) Pilát, Phallus impudicus L., Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd, Tremella mesenterica Retz. Their extracts are widely used in the cosmetic industry by various brands, in particular, Venets Sibiri, Etude House, Sabai Thai Authentic SPA, Briogeo, Dr. Ceuracle, Nollam Lab, D’Ran, Pulanna, BioAqua, Von-U, Secrets Lan, The Skin House. The following species are regularly found in the study area: mushroom Ganoderma lucidum, which grows only on a living tree Quercus robur L.; Trametes versicolor – on stumps, dead trunks and branches of Populus alba L., P. nigra L.; Tremella mesenterica – on dead branches and branches of weakened trees Populus alba, P. nigra.

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Some Biologically Active Substances from Medicinal Mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.: Fr.) P. Kumm. (Agaricomycetideae)

International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms ◽

10.1615/intjmedmushr.v1.i4.70 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 345-349

Author(s):

Valentina G. Babitskaya ◽

Nina A. Bisko ◽

Victor V. Scherba ◽

Nadezda Yu. Mitropolskaya ◽

Tatiana A. Puchkova

Keyword(s):

Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽

Biologically Active Substances ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Medicinal Mushroom ◽

Active Substances

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Modifiers of the metabolism of biologically active substances of the cell cultures of Silybum marianum L. of Belarus and Hungarian breeding

Fiziologia rastenij i genetika ◽

10.15407/frg2019.06.493 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 51 (6) ◽

pp. 493-507

Author(s):

O.V. Kovzunova ◽

◽

V.N. Reshetnikov ◽

Keyword(s):

Cell Cultures ◽

Biologically Active Substances ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Silybum Marianum ◽

Active Substances

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Correlation Dependence of the Antibiotic Compounds Biosynthesis and other Biologically Active Substances in Soil Streptomycetes

Mikrobiolohichnyi Zhurnal ◽

10.15407/microbiolj81.05.036 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 81 (5) ◽

pp. 36-47

Author(s):

M.I. Loboda ◽

◽

S.I. Voichuk ◽

L.A. Biliavska ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biologically Active Substances ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Correlation Dependence ◽

Antibiotic Compounds ◽

Active Substances

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Microscopic fungi of lithobiont communities of Argentine Islands Region: Data from the 22nd Ukrainian Antarctic Expedition

Acta Botanica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/034.62.2020.1-2.5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 62 (1-2) ◽

pp. 49-68

Author(s):

T. O. Kondratiuk ◽

T. V. Beregova ◽

I. Yu. Parnikoza ◽

S. Y. Kondratyuk ◽

A. Thell

Keyword(s):

Filamentous Fungi ◽

Mucor Circinelloides ◽

Biologically Active Substances ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Microscopic Fungi ◽

Rhodotorula Rubra ◽

Yeast Fungi ◽

Antarctic Expedition ◽

Geomyces Pannorum ◽

Active Substances

The identification of the diversity of microscopic fungi of lithobiont communities of the Argentine Islands in specimens collected during the 22nd Ukrainian Antarctic Expedition was the purpose of this work. Samples of rock, soil, mosses and lichens of rock micro-habitats of “Crustose lichen sub-formation and fruticose lichen and moss cushion sub-formation” were used in the work. These samples were used for extracting and cultivation of filamentous fungi on dense nutrient media. Determination of physiological and biochemical characteristics and identification of yeast-like fungi were performed using a microbiological analyser ‘Vitek-2’ (‘Bio Merieux’, France). Cultivation of microorganisms was carried out at temperatures from +2 to +37 °C. In results cultures of microscopic fungi of Zygomycota (Mucor circinelloides), Ascomycota (species of the genera cf. Tlielebolus, Talaromyces), representatives of the Anamorphic fungi group (Geomyces pannorum, species of the genera Alternaria, Acremonium, Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Cladosporium) were isolated from Antarctic samples. Microscopic fungi Penicillium spp. were dominated after the frequency in the studied samples (54.5%). Rhodotorula rubra and Candida sp. among isolated yeast fungi, and dark pigmented fungi represented by Aureobasidium pulhdans and Exophiala spp. were identified. The biological properties of a number of isolated fungi (the potential ability to synthesise important biologically active substances: melanins, carotenoids, lipids) are characterised. Mycobiota of rock communities of Argentine Islands is rich on filamentous and yeast fungi similarly to other regions of Antarctica. A number of fungi investigated are potentially able to synthesise biologically active substances. The dark pigmented species of the genera Cladosporium, Exophiala, Aureobasidium pulhdans, capable of melanin synthesis; ‘red’ yeast Rhodotorula rubra (carotenoid producers and resistant to toxic metals); Mucor circinelloides and Geomyces pannorum, lipid producers, are among these fungi. Yeast-like fungi assimilated a wide range of carbohydrates, which will allow them to be further used for cultivation in laboratory and process conditions. The collection of technologically promising strains of microorganisms, part of the Culture Collection of Fungi at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (Ukraine), is updated with isolated species (strains) of filamentous fungi and yeast – potential producers of biologically active substances, obtained within this study.

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