Development of a Methodology and Software Package for Predicting the Formation of Organic Deposits Based on the Results of Laboratory Studies

One of the main problems in the oil industry is the fallout of asphaltene–resin–paraffin deposits (ARPDs) during oil production and transportation. The formation of organic deposits leads to reduced equipment life and reduced production. Currently, there is no single methodology for the numerical simulation of the ARPD dropout process. The aim of our work was to obtain a correlation dependence characterizing the rate of wax growth over time for oils in the Perm Krai, depending on temperature, pressure, and speed conditions. Experimental data for 20 oil samples were obtained using a Wax Flow Loop installation that simulates fluid movement in tubing. The developed correlation was tested in 154 wells. The results of numerical modeling of the paraffin precipitation process made it possible to correct the inter-treatment period of scraping for 109 wells (71%), indicating the high accuracy of the developed approach.

THE BEST PRACTICES FOR THE LABOR ACTIVITY STIMULATING OF PERSONS SENTENCED TO IMPRISONMENT: ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL ASPECT

В данной статье выявляется передовой опыт исправительных учреждений по применению методов мотивации трудовой деятельности осужденных для формирования предложений по распространению исследуемого передового опыта. В качестве предмета исследования рассматриваются методы деятельности исправительных учреждений ФСИН России по стимулированию трудовой деятельности осужденных, отбывающих наказания в виде лишения свободы. Исследована корреляционная зависимость уровня занятости осужденных от уровня обеспеченности рабочими местами и величины среднемесячной заработной платы, сделаны выводы о закономерностях в развитии отношения осужденных к труду, о необходимости совершенствовать методы привлечения их к труду и методы получения данных о передовом опыте в исследуемой сфере деятельности уголовно-исполнительной системы. Выявлены территориальные органы ФСИН России - субъекты наиболее передового опыта применения методов привлечения осужденных к труду. Отмечено, что в этих органах методы материального стимулирования (как правило, премирование осужденных) сочетаются с методами морального стимулирования. Также отмечена допустимость количественного преобладания последних над материальными. В то же время указано на то, что в этих ТО ФСИН России должен происходить устойчивый рост уровня занятости осужденных (реально, как показывают данные, этого пока не происходит), уровня обеспеченности рабочими местами, уровня занятости рабочих мест и размера средней ежемесячной заработной платы осужденных. Успешность положительной динамики этих показателей связана авторами с наличием объективных факторов - количества рабочих мест на производствах в исправительных учреждениях, в том числе занятых осужденными, а также удельного веса занятых осужденных в их общем количестве. Указано на необходимость совершенствования средств мотивации осужденных к труду и методики исследования этого процесса. This article identifies the best practices of correctional institutions in the use of methods of motivating the work of convicts to form proposals for the dissemination of the studied best practices. The subject of the study is the methods of activity of correctional institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia to stimulate the labor activity of convicts serving sentences in the form of imprisonment. A large amount of empirical data obtained from the survey was processed. The correlation dependence of the level of employment of convicts on the level of job security and the value of the average monthly salary is investigated, conclusions are drawn about the regularities in the development of the attitude of convicts to work, the need to improve the methods of attracting them to work and methods for obtaining data on best practices in the field of activity of the penal system under study. The territorial bodies of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia - the subjects of the most advanced experience in the use of methods of attracting convicts to work-have been identified. It is noted that in these bodies, methods of material incentives (as a rule, bonuses for convicts) are combined with methods of moral incentives. The permissibility of the quantitative predominance of the latter over the material ones is also noted. At the same time, it is indicated that in these areas of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia there should be a steady increase in the level of employment of convicts (in reality, as the data show, this is not happening yet), the level of job security, the level of employment of jobs and the size of the average monthly salary of convicts. The success of the positive dynamics of these indicators is associated by the authors with the presence of objective factors - the number of jobs in production facilities in correctional institutions, including those occupied by convicts, as well as the proportion of employed convicts in their total number. It is pointed out that it is necessary to improve the means of motivating convicts to work and the methods of studying this process.

Using of Laser Scanners in Pavement Management

The presented article introduces the utilization of laser scanning technology in the field of pavement management (PM) systems. Thanks its many advantages that allow objectification of road surface characteristics in a more holistic and sophisticated way, right decision-making within the PM, both at the network and project level. Specifically, outputs from the installed road scanners, such as SRS, Trimble CX and Lynx SG1 Mobile Mapper, have been combined to improve the accuracy. There has been found data correlation dependence of the development of rut depth for non-rigid pavements by evaluation of data from measurements at the public transport stop Hurbanova in Žilina during the years 1994 to 2018.

Multidimensional analysis and forecasting the relationship between indicators of industrial-technological development and the level of economic security

A theoretical-applied model has been built for analyzing industrial-technological development directly within the system of economic security. A system of indicators has been constructed that are mutually agreed in the context of the analysis of the state of economic security and components of industrial-technological development (investment, international, environmental, educational, scientific, industrial, innovative, technological). Based on the system of indicators, analysis of variance in the industrial-technological development and level of economic security was carried out. The levels of correlation of indicators (high, medium, low) have been determined, based on which the interrelations of industrial-technological development and economic security were systematized. A graphic-analytical and regression procedure was used to define the correlation dependence of industrial-technological development on economic security. The industrial-technological development has been forecasted in terms of the indicators with high correlation (the level of investment, openness of the economy, export of high-tech products, industrial products index) and medium correlation (the share of renewable energy consumption, the level of expenditures on education to GDP, the share of specialists performing scientific and technical work). The system of indicators of economic security assessment has been expanded in terms of its individual components (investment-innovative, foreign economic, energy, social, macroeconomic security), taking into consideration aspects in the industrial-technological development. Using the reported analytical and predictive results makes it possible to establish groups of factors that influence the industrial-technological development and economic security. In this way, it becomes possible to identify those tools and means whose application could ensure an increase in the level of industrial-technological development and economic security

THE CORRELATION DEPENDENCE OF PAYOFFS FOR MIXED STRATEGIES IN GAMES WITH NATURE

Цель исследования состоит в развитии и применении к задачам инвестирования методов принятия решений в играх с природой, учитывающих корреляцию случайных значений выигрышей для каждой пары чистых стратегий. При этом рассматриваются два критерия: математическое ожидание выигрыша и среднеквадратическое отклонение как оценка риска. Двухкритериальная модель принятия решений формализована путем перевода оценки риска в ограничение. Для такой обобщенной задачи квадратичного программирования получены аналитические методы решения. Приведен пример применения предложенного метода на реальных статистических данных. The aim of the research is to develop and apply to investment problems the methods of decision-making in games with nature, considering the correlation of random values of payoffs for each pair of pure strategies. In this case, two criteria are considered: the mathematical expectation of a payoff and the standard deviation as a risk assessment. The two-criteria decision-making model is formalized by translating the risk assessment into a constraint. For such a generalized quadratic programming problem, analytical solution methods are obtained. An example of applying the proposed method to real statistical data is given.

Theoretical-experimental study of dependence of natural frequencies of oscillations plates from application thickness

The paper considers the problem of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits in the production of oil and oil products. Methods of sediment measurement have been studied. Computer simulation of dependence of natural frequencies of metal plate oscillations on thickness of deposits was carried out. Correlation dependence of oscillation frequency of the control object on thickness of deposits is confirmed. The obtained results allow prospective investigation of pipe-wires deposits thickness.

Conjugacy of yield and its structural elements in spring soft wheat samples

The article presents an analysis of genotypic correlations between the yield of 33 variety samples of spring soft wheat and elements of its structure in the conditions of Penza region, the degree of variability of agronomic valuable traits during the years of research (2018-2020) has been determined. It has been established, that the low-varying agronomic valuable traits (CV = 7.8-9.9 %) include the wheat ear length, number of spikelets in the ear, weight of 1000 grains; moderately varying traits (СV = 13.8-15.6 %) include productive bushiness capacity, the number of grains in the ear and weight of grains in one ear; highly-varying traits (СV = 21.7-22.7 %) include the number of grains per ear and weight of the grain per ear. A strong positive interrelation has been established between the yield of spring soft wheat and the number of grains per ear (r = 0.706...0.816) and weight of grain per ear (r = 0.754...0.875). There has been revealed an average positive interrelation between the yield and the weight of ears (r = 0.467...0.621), the number of spikelets per ear (r = 0.358...0.582), the number of grains per plant (r = 0.446...0.541) and the weight of grain per plant (r = 0.309...0.608). The correlation dependence of yield on productive bushiness (r = 0.091…0.415), ear length (r = 0.074…0.503) and weight of 1000 grains (r = 0.193…0.583) turned out to be unstable. Thus, the formation of grain yield was influenced by the number of grains per ear and the weight of grain per ear. The analysis showed the degree of influence of various elements of productivity on the formation of yield of spring soft wheat variety samples that provides a more targeted selection in the breeding process.

Рossibilities of the Thermography in Early Diagnostics of Bleb Scarring (Prelimenary Report)

Thermography is the method of noninvasive registration of visible image of the own infrared radiation of the human body surface by special devices. The physiological basis of its application in medical diagnostics is the amplification of infrared radiation intensity from pathologic spots that is connected with the enhancement of blood supply and metabolism.Purpose. To study the possibilities of thermography for functional bleb status assessment, for early diagnostics of bleb scarring processes and for definition of needling indications.Patients and methods. There were executed 32 thermography (32 patients and eyes) of blebs in 7 days after minimally invasive sinustrabeculectomy. Authors used thermal imaging Тesto 875-2i with SuperResolution technology and telephoto lens 9°×7°. The bleb area and temperature were studied With IRSoft and Universal Desktop Ruler programs. Intraocular pressure (corneal compensated) (IOPcc) was measured with Ocular Response Analyzer®, ORA.Conclusion. The study has shown the direct correlation dependence between bleb functional activity and its thermographic characteristics (area and temperature).

The effect of meteorological factors on apple tree productivity in the Piedmont zone of Crimea

Приведены результаты изучения четырех сортов яблони (Красное Раннее, Виста Белла, Киммерия, Таврия), на основании которых сорта были распределены по срокам цветения. Продолжительность цветения изменялась по годам и имела сортовые различия. В среднем цветение занимало от 8 до 14 дней. Конец цветения у всех изученных сортов при накоплении суммы эффективных температур выше 5С - от 216 до 260С. Среднесуточная температура воздуха варьировала от 7,1 до 14,8С. Периодические весенние заморозки повреждают генеративные почки, степень их воздействия значительна. В результате проведенных исследований установлено, что имеется корреляционная связь между среднесуточными минимальными температурами и урожайностью раннецветущих сортов яблони. Большое влияние оказывают среднесуточные и минимальные температуры воздуха на раноцветущие сорта, а для поздноцветущих сортов определена корреляционная зависимость от суммы осадков. За исследуемый период были отмечены ночные заморозки до -2С, что повлияло на завязываемость плодов и урожайность сортов, заморозки наблюдались в 2011, 2015, 2017 гг. Урожайность яблони была определена как совокупный показатель, зависящий от количества генеративных почек, числа цветков в соцветии, среднего количества завязавшихся плодов и их массы, а также степени адаптивности сорта к стресс-факторам. Также было отмечено, что урожайность изученных сортов яблони была нестабильна и имела сортовые различия, наивысшее значение данного показателя за период исследования было отмечено у сорта Таврия (66,6 т/га). The results of study of four apple varieties (‘Krasnoye Ranneye’, ‘Vista Bella’, ‘Cimmeria’, ‘Tavria’) are presented. On its basis the varieties are classified by the time of flowering. The duration of flowering of the studied apple varieties was changing over the years and had varietal differences. On average the period of flowering timed 8 - 14 days. The end of flowering in all studied varieties with the accumulation of the sum of effective temperatures above 5 °C was registered with values from 216 to 260 °C. The average daily air temperature varied from 7.1 to 14.8 °C. Periodic spring frosts damage the reproductive buds, the degree of their impact is significant. As a result of the conducted studies, a correlation between the average daily minimum temperatures and cropping capacity of early-flowering apple varieties was found. The average daily and minimum air temperatures have a great impact on early-flowering apple varieties, and for late-flowering apple varieties the correlation dependence on the amount of precipitation is determined. During the study period, night frosts of up to -2 °C, affecting the setting and cropping capacity of varieties, were observed. Frosts were registered in 2011, 2015 and 2017. The apple tree cropping capacity was determined as a cumulative indicator that depends on the number of reproductive buds, the number of flowers in inflorescences, the average number of set fruits and their weight, as well as the adaptability degree of the variety to stress factors. It was also noted that cropping capacity of the studied apple varieties was unstable and had varietal differences, the highest value of this indicator during the study period was noted in the ‘Tavria’ variety (66.6 t/ha).

Immunological Reactivity of the Body to Implanted Retic Endoprosthesis Used for Hernias of the Anterior Abdominal Wall

The article analyzes the review of the literature of foreign authors and authors of the CIS countries on the immunological response to the used mesh endoprostheses in patients after alloplastic methods of hernioplasty with hernias of the anterior abdominal wall. Currently, it is possible to monitor the course of the wound process in patients operated on for hernia using the immunological method. The correlation dependence of the nature of complications in the wound with indicators of additional research methods has not been sufficiently studied, which requires further study of this issue.