scholarly journals Types of Mycobiota of Volgograd Region and Prospects of Their Use as a Source of Biologically Active Substances for Cosmetic Purposes

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
Victoria Zemlyanko ◽  
Nadezhda Kuragina ◽  
Vadim Sagalaev
Keyword(s):  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Trametes Versicolor ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Populus Alba ◽  
Inonotus Obliquus ◽  
Living Tree ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Active Substances

The article for the first time provides a consolidated list of mushrooms of Volgograd region used in cosmetology due to the presence of biologically active substances in their composition, for example, the polysaccharide glucuronoxylomannan. These compounds have immunostimulating, radioprotective, antiinflammatory, antioxidant and anti-allergenic effects. Thanks to this, masks and creams containing these substances tone and restore the skin, while lotions and tonics strengthen the hair structure. The inventory of mycobiota was carried out using the route method. Each route was about 10 km long. The mushrooms found in laboratory conditions were identified by the microscopic analysis of the samples using modern methods of light microscopy and a standard set of chemical reagents (5% KOH alkali solution, Meltzer’s reagent). MIKMED-5 light microscope was used to study the microscopic structures and determine the samples. As a result of research in 2018–2020, 8 species of macromycetes used in cosmetology were identified in the mycobiota of the region: Amanita muscaria (L.), Calvatia gigantea (Batsch) Lloyd, Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst., Grifola frondosa (Dicks.) Gray, Inonotus obliquus (Fr.) Pilát, Phallus impudicus L., Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd, Tremella mesenterica Retz. Their extracts are widely used in the cosmetic industry by various brands, in particular, Venets Sibiri, Etude House, Sabai Thai Authentic SPA, Briogeo, Dr. Ceuracle, Nollam Lab, D’Ran, Pulanna, BioAqua, Von-U, Secrets Lan, The Skin House. The following species are regularly found in the study area: mushroom Ganoderma lucidum, which grows only on a living tree Quercus robur L.; Trametes versicolor – on stumps, dead trunks and branches of Populus alba L., P. nigra L.; Tremella mesenterica – on dead branches and branches of weakened trees Populus alba, P. nigra.

scholarly journals BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES OF MEDICAL MUSHROOM GANODERMA LUCIDUM (CURT.:FR) P. KARST

2012 ◽  
Vol 0 (2(18)) ◽  
pp. 6-19
Author(s):  
Ю. Ю. Дуденко ◽  
С. Л. Мірось ◽  
В. О. Iваниця
Keyword(s):  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Active Substances

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE PROSPECTS OF STUDYING AND USING MUSHROOMS OF AZERBAIJAN AS EFFECTIVE PRODUCERS OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (34) ◽  
pp. 403-411
Author(s):  
Konul Farrukh BAKHSHALIYEVA ◽  
Nizami Rza NAMAZOV ◽  
Arzu Rasul HASANOVA ◽  
Fidan Rasim MAMMADOVA ◽  
Panah Zulfigar MURADOV
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Culture Solution ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Biological Active Substances

In the carried out of the research, Xylotroph macromycetes have been researched as a perspective producer of bıologıcal actıve substances used for various purposes today in world practice which spread in Azerbaijan and some of their features (the biological activity of synthesized metabolites, toxicity, antimicrobial activity and dynamics of biomass formation ). It became clear that fungi such as Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst., Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.) Murrill, Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm, Schyzophyllum commune Fr and Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd considered as a perspective producer of bıologıcal actıve substances is widely spread in the forests of Azerbaijan, and some of them are even dominant species of xylomicobiot inherent in the nature of Azerbaijan. As a result of studies with isolated strains of these fungi, it was shown that both in the culture solution (CS) and in the vegetative mycelia (VB), there are metabolites with biological activity. The result of research also became clear that antimicrobial activity of CS in all cases is higher than in water or alcohol extracts of dry biomass (1,1-1,2 times), although it defines the overall biological activity of VB extracts to the relationship of Paramecium caudatum gives a higher increase effect. In addition, the selected active strains do not lag behind the known strains in terms of the amount of biomass formed (up to 8.7 g/l in 7 days) and manifestations of forms of biological activity. This gives a serious basis to realize the production of biologically active substances for different (food, feed, medical and other) purposes on their basis.

RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE MODE PARAMETERS OF THE WATER-VACUUM EXTRACTION PROCESS ON THE YIELD OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES INONOTUS OBLIQUUS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruslan Safin ◽  
Shamil Mukhametzyanov ◽  
Albina Safina ◽  
Nour Galyavetdinov ◽  
Valeriy Gubernatorov
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Process ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Vacuum Extraction ◽  
Inonotus Obliquus ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Active Substances

Inonotus obliquus or chaga birch mushroom has a fairly wide range of applications in the cosmetic, food and pharmaceutical industries due to the wide range of biologically active substances it contains. The analysis of foreign and domestic studies testifies to the ongoing research in the field of extraction of valuable components from chaga, however, issues of intensification of processes and the development of new methods of extraction remain topical. One of these methods is the water-vacuum extraction of chaga, which consists in alternating the stages of the process at atmospheric and reduced pressure. The aim of the study is to determine the optimal time parameters of the individual stages of the water-vacuum extraction of chaga to optimize the operating parameters of the process. The object of the study was chaga collected in forest plantations in central Russia in the spring season, and crushed to particles ranging in size from 0.1 to 1.2 mm. The experiments were carried out on a laboratory version of a vacuum extraction unit, which allows for the classical infusion and extraction of chaga at various variations in the pressure of the medium. Studies have shown that preliminary evacuation of dry raw materials and the introduction of a rarefied medium into the process of water extraction of chaga makes it possible to intensify the extraction process and has a positive effect on the yield and activity of extractive substances. It has been established that the preliminary evacuation of crushed chaga makes it possible to increase the efficiency of subsequent extraction and to increase the yield of valuable components by 15-18%. The optimal time for this stage was 5 minutes. The effective duration of the infusion step at atmospheric pressure was 30 minutes, and the subsequent evacuation is expediently carried out for 10 minutes. Based on the results of the presented work, the optimal scheme for carrying out the process of water-vacuum extraction of chaga was determined.

Microscopic fungi of lithobiont communities of Argentine Islands Region: Data from the 22nd Ukrainian Antarctic Expedition

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 49-68
Author(s):  
T. O. Kondratiuk ◽  
T. V. Beregova ◽  
I. Yu. Parnikoza ◽  
S. Y. Kondratyuk ◽  
A. Thell
Keyword(s):  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Mucor Circinelloides ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Microscopic Fungi ◽  
Rhodotorula Rubra ◽  
Yeast Fungi ◽  
Antarctic Expedition ◽  
Geomyces Pannorum ◽  
Active Substances

The identification of the diversity of microscopic fungi of lithobiont communities of the Argentine Islands in specimens collected during the 22nd Ukrainian Antarctic Expedition was the purpose of this work. Samples of rock, soil, mosses and lichens of rock micro-habitats of “Crustose lichen sub-formation and fruticose lichen and moss cushion sub-formation” were used in the work. These samples were used for extracting and cultivation of filamentous fungi on dense nutrient media. Determination of physiological and biochemical characteristics and identification of yeast-like fungi were performed using a microbiological analyser ‘Vitek-2’ (‘Bio Merieux’, France). Cultivation of microorganisms was carried out at temperatures from +2 to +37 °C. In results cultures of microscopic fungi of Zygomycota (Mucor circinelloides), Ascomycota (species of the genera cf. Tlielebolus, Talaromyces), representatives of the Anamorphic fungi group (Geomyces pannorum, species of the genera Alternaria, Acremonium, Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Cladosporium) were isolated from Antarctic samples. Microscopic fungi Penicillium spp. were dominated after the frequency in the studied samples (54.5%). Rhodotorula rubra and Candida sp. among isolated yeast fungi, and dark pigmented fungi represented by Aureobasidium pulhdans and Exophiala spp. were identified. The biological properties of a number of isolated fungi (the potential ability to synthesise important biologically active substances: melanins, carotenoids, lipids) are characterised. Mycobiota of rock communities of Argentine Islands is rich on filamentous and yeast fungi similarly to other regions of Antarctica. A number of fungi investigated are potentially able to synthesise biologically active substances. The dark pigmented species of the genera Cladosporium, Exophiala, Aureobasidium pulhdans, capable of melanin synthesis; ‘red’ yeast Rhodotorula rubra (carotenoid producers and resistant to toxic metals); Mucor circinelloides and Geomyces pannorum, lipid producers, are among these fungi. Yeast-like fungi assimilated a wide range of carbohydrates, which will allow them to be further used for cultivation in laboratory and process conditions. The collection of technologically promising strains of microorganisms, part of the Culture Collection of Fungi at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (Ukraine), is updated with isolated species (strains) of filamentous fungi and yeast – potential producers of biologically active substances, obtained within this study.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document