Characteristic of Sensory Neurotransmission in the Co-Culture of Both the Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion and the Rat Dorsal Horn Spinal Cord Neurons

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Nikolai S. Veselovsky ◽  
Maria S. Shipshina
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Dorsal Horn ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Spinal Cord Neurons

Synaptic connections in a dissociated mixed culture of rat dorsal root ganglion and spinal cord neurons

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. O. Kolodin ◽  
A. O. Moskalyuk ◽  
N. S. Veselovsky ◽  
S. A. Fedulova
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Synaptic Connections ◽  
Spinal Cord Neurons

Exposure of the Dorsal Root Ganglion in Rats to Pulsed Radiofrequency Currents Activates Dorsal Horn Lamina I and II Neurons

Neurosurgery ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 850-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Higuchi ◽  
Blaine S. Nashold ◽  
Menno Sluijter ◽  
Eric Cosman ◽  
Robert D. Pearlstein
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Dorsal Horn ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Spinal Pain ◽  
Pulsed Radiofrequency ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Current Electrode ◽  
Spinal Cord Neurons ◽  
Dorsal Ganglion ◽  
Pulsed Rf

Abstract OBJECTIVE: Application of pulsed radiofrequency (RF) currents to the dorsal ganglion has been reported to produce long-term relief of spinal pain without causing thermal ablation. The present study was undertaken to identify spinal cord neurons activated by exposure of the dorsal ganglion to pulsed RF currents in rats. METHODS: Left-sided hemilaminectomy was performed in adult Sprague-Dawley rats to expose the C6 dorsal root ganglion. An RF electrode (0.5 mm diameter) with a thermocouple for temperature monitoring was positioned on the exposed ganglion, and rats were assigned to one of three treatment groups: pulsed RF treatment (20 ms of 500-kHz RF pulses delivered at a rate of 2 Hz for 120 s to produce tissue heated to 38°C), continuous RF (continuous RF currents for 120 s to produce tissue heated to 38°C), or sham treatment (no RF current; electrode maintained in contact with ganglion for 120 s). RESULTS: Treatment with pulsed RF but not continuous RF was associated with a significant increase in the number of cFOS-immunoreactive neurons in the superficial laminae of the dorsal horn as observed 3 hours after treatment. CONCLUSION: Exposure of the dorsal ganglion to pulsed RF currents activates pain-processing neurons in the dorsal horn. This effect is not mediated by tissue heating.

scholarly journals Mechanism of dorsal root ganglion stimulation for pain relief in painful diabetic polyneuropathy is not dependent on GABA release in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Koetsier ◽  
Glenn Franken ◽  
Jacques Debets ◽  
Lonne Heijmans ◽  
Sander M.J. Kuijk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Dorsal Horn ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Diabetic Polyneuropathy ◽  
Gaba Release

Selective cephalic upregulation of p-ERK, CamKII and p-CREB in response to glyceryl trinitrate infusion

Cephalalgia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1057-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshni Ramachandran ◽  
Sara Hougaard Pedersen ◽  
Dipak Vasantrao Amrutkar ◽  
Steffen Petersen ◽  
Julie Mie Jacobsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Dorsal Horn ◽  
Trigeminal Ganglion ◽  
Dura Mater ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Spinal Cord Dorsal Horn ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Extracellular Signal

Background A common characteristic of migraine-inducing substances is that they cause headache and no pain in other areas of the body. Few studies have compared pain mechanisms in the trigeminal and spinal systems and, so far, no major differences have been noted. We compared signalling molecules in the trigeminal and spinothalamic system after infusion of the migraine-provoking substance glyceryltrinitrate. Method A catheter was placed in the femoral vein of rats and one week later glyceryltrinitrate 4 µg/kg/min was infused for 20 min. Protein expression in the dura mater, trigeminal ganglion, nucleus caudalis, dorsal root ganglion and the dorsal horn of the thoracic spinal cord was analysed at different time points using western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results Glyceryltrinitrate caused a threefold increase in expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases at 30 min in the dura mater and nucleus caudalis ( P < 0.05) and at 2 h in the trigeminal ganglion with very few expressions in the dorsal root ganglion. In the nucleus caudalis, expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases and Cam KII increased 2.6-fold and 3.2-fold, respectively, at 2 h after glycerytrinitrate infusion ( P < 0.01). p-CREB/ATF-1 upregulation was observed only at 30 min ( P < 0.05) in the nucleus caudalis. None of these markers showed increased expression in the regions of thoracic spinal cord dorsal horn. Conclusion The dura, trigeminal ganglion and nucleus caudalis are activated shortly after glycerytrinitrate infusion with long-lasting expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases observed in the nucleus caudalis. These activations were not observed at the spinal level.

Lamina-specific effects of morphine and naloxone in dorsal horn of rat spinal cord in vitro

1991 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 1941-1950 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Magnuson ◽  
A. H. Dickenson
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dorsal Horn ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Excitatory Amino Acid ◽  
Substantia Gelatinosa ◽  
Rat Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Neurons ◽  
Dorsal Horn Neurons ◽  
Electrical Stimuli

1. Extracellular recordings were made from 95 dorsal horn neurons in a sagittal slice preparation of rat spinal cord. Neurons were synaptically activated by electrical stimulation of the dorsal root entry zone (n = 72) or driven by pressure ejection of L-glutamate into the substantia gelatinosa (SG; n = 23). For the majority of neurons low-intensity electrical stimuli evoked a burst of spikes with short latency (early firing). An increase in the stimulus intensity evoked the early firing followed by a characteristic prolonged period of activity (late firing). 2. The patterns of synaptically induced activity observed from neurons located in the SG (n = 45) and in deeper laminae (n = 27) were similar. Early and late firing of both SG and deep neurons was reduced by the nonspecific excitatory amino acid antagonist kynurenate. Raising [Mg2+] in the superfusate to 5 from 2.0 mM selectively reduced the late firing of both SG and deep neurons. These findings suggest that fibers present in the dorsal root zone make excitatory amino acid-mediated synapses with dorsal horn neurons. 3. The majority of deep neurons showed reduced responses to electrical stimuli in the presence of morphine, mimicking the findings reported in vivo. Naloxone reversed morphine inhibitions or, when applied to morphine-naive slices, caused modest increases in the responses of some deep neurons. 4. Most neurons located in the SG had their responses enhanced by morphine (late firing: 86.5 +/- 19.6%, mean +/- SE) and were inhibited by naloxone (-78.3 +/- 22.7%). Morphine-induced enhancements often persisted long after the morphine had washed out of the bath. Inhibitions by naloxone, whether pre- or postmorphine, were short lived; and responses generally returned to either control or morphine-enhanced levels on washout of the naloxone. 5. The gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) antagonist bicuculline, applied to GABA-naive slices, caused an increase in response of SG neurons while slightly depressing activity of deep neurons. A tonic release or presence of endogenous GABA, affecting neurons that are inhibited by exogenously applied GABA, may be responsible for the observed action of bicuculline. 6. Intracellular recordings were made from a further 32 dorsal horn neurons located in the translucent band of the spinal cord slices. Of 11 neurons examined, 5 showed increased input resistance (Rin) and were depolarized in response to morphine applied in the superfusate. One neuron showed no change in Rin or potential with morphine, whereas 5 of the 11 were hyperpolarized with decreased Rin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Dorsal root ganglion regulates the transient ERK activation in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord during development

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-405
Author(s):  
Taro Kato ◽  
Ritsuko Ohtani-Kaneko ◽  
Takashi Shiga
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Dorsal Horn ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Erk Activation
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