Analytical method for determining the interval of spatial correlation of fading in a single-beam decameter radio line

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Koval ◽  
Vladimir Pashintsev ◽  
Aleksandr Chipiga ◽  
Aleksandr Skorik
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Correlation ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Single Beam ◽  
Radio Line ◽  
Decameter Radio

scholarly journals Refined method for determining the spatial correlation interval of the fading in a single-beam decameter radio link.

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
V.P. Pashintsev ◽  
◽  
S.A. Koval ◽  
D.A. Potyagov ◽  
A.D. Skorik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Correlation ◽  
Ionospheric Irregularities ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Radio Link ◽  
Phase Front ◽  
Single Beam ◽  
Radio Line ◽  
Refined Method ◽  
Correlation Interval ◽  
Decameter Radio

In this articlea a refined method have been developed for determining the spatial correlation interval for fading in a decameter radio link with one discrete beam (mode), which are caused by wave diffraction on small-scale ionospheric irregularities. A refined dependence of the spatial correlation interval of fading in a single-beam decameter radio line on the parameters of small-scale ionospheric irregularities, the equivalent length of the radio line and the choice of the operating signal frequency through the value of the root-mean-square deviation of fluctuations of the wave phase front at the output of the inhomogeneous ionosphere is obtained. It is shown that under conditions of disturbances (diffuseness) of the ionosphere, as well as the approach of the operating frequency of the radio line to the maximum applicable frequency, when fluctuations of the phase front of the wave at the output of the ionosphere exceed 1.25 radians, the well-known simplified expression for estimating the interval of spatial correlation of fading can be used in a single-beam decameter radio links with an error of no more than 5%.

MODELING A DECAMETER RADIO LINK IN PREDICTING THE RELIABILITY OF COMMUNICATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.Н. СЕМЕРКОВ
Keyword(s):  
Geomagnetic Disturbance ◽  
Radio Link ◽  
System Construction ◽  
Radio Communication ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Radio Line ◽  
Decameter Radio ◽  
New Type ◽  
Wave Range ◽  
Communication Reliability

Представлено краткое описание последовательности расчета надежности связи в декаметровом диапазоне волн, включающее в себя ряд методик и моделей определения характеристик условий распространения радиоволн и технических параметров элементов радиолинии. Особенностью предлагаемой модели декаметровой радиолинии является системное построение методик и алгоритмов определения параметров радиолинии для единой задачи прогнозирования условий радиосвязи, имеющей целью создание адаптивной радиолинии нового типа - с учетом параметров изменений геомагнитной возмущенности. A brief description of the sequence of calculation of communication reliability in the decameter wave range is presented. It includes several methods and models for determining the characteristics of radio wave propagation conditions and technical parameters of radio link elements. A feature of the proposed decameter radio line model is the system construction of methods and algorithms for determining radio line parameters for a single problem of predicting radio communication conditions, which aims to create an adaptive radio line of a new type - taking into account the parameters of changes in a geomagnetic disturbance.

Densitometric Identification of Primitive Erythroblasts After Reaction With Diaminobenzidine

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 328-329
Author(s):  
John A. Trotter
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Visual Examination ◽  
Hemoglobin Synthesis ◽  
Peroxidatic Activity ◽  
Small Density

Hemoglobin is the specific protein of red blood cells. Those cells in which hemoglobin synthesis is initiated are the earliest cells that can presently be considered to be committed to erythropoiesis. In order to identify such early cells electron microscopically, we have made use of the peroxidatic activity of hemoglobin by reacting the marrow of erythropoietically stimulated guinea pigs with diaminobenzidine (DAB). The reaction product appeared as a diffuse and amorphous electron opacity throughout the cytoplasm of reactive cells. The detection of small density increases of such a diffuse nature required an analytical method more sensitive and reliable than the visual examination of micrographs. A procedure was therefore devised for the evaluation of micrographs (negatives) with a densitometer (Weston Photographic Analyzer).

Bulk standards for low-temperature biological x-ray microanalysis

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 282-283
Author(s):  
P. Echlin ◽  
M. McKoon ◽  
E.S. Taylor ◽  
C.E. Thomas ◽  
K.L. Maloney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Absolute Concentration ◽  
Cooling Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Analytical Procedures ◽  
Electrical Conductors

Although sections of frozen salt solutions have been used as standards for x-ray microanalysis, such solutions are less useful when analysed in the bulk form. They are poor thermal and electrical conductors and severe phase separation occurs during the cooling process. Following a suggestion by Whitecross et al we have made up a series of salt solutions containing a small amount of graphite to improve the sample conductivity. In addition, we have incorporated a polymer to ensure the formation of microcrystalline ice and a consequent homogenity of salt dispersion within the frozen matrix. The mixtures have been used to standardize the analytical procedures applied to frozen hydrated bulk specimens based on the peak/background analytical method and to measure the absolute concentration of elements in developing roots.

The synephrine content of Shiikuwasha (Citrus depressa HAYATA) fruit: Analytical method and change during fruit growth

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Miyagi ◽  
T Fujise ◽  
N Koga ◽  
K Wada ◽  
M Yano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Citrus Depressa

A novel analytical calculation of magnetic field in the slotted air gap of spoke-type permanent-magnet machines using conformal mapping

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Jianqi Li ◽  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Jianying Li
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Conformal Mapping ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Flux Density ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Electromotive Force ◽  
Analytical Calculation ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Permanent Magnet Machines ◽  
Peak Value

This paper presented a novel analytical method for calculating magnetic field in the slotted air gap of spoke-type permanent-magnet machines using conformal mapping. Firstly, flux density without slots and complex relative air-gap permeance of slotted air gap are derived from conformal transformation separately. Secondly, they are combined in order to obtain normalized flux density taking account into the slots effect. The finite element (FE) results confirmed the validity of the analytical method for predicting magnetic field and back electromotive force (BEMF) in the slotted air gap of spoke-type permanent-magnet machines. In comparison with FE result, the analytical solution yields higher peak value of cogging torque.

Technical Exchange: Selecting an Isocyanate Sampling and Analytical Method

The Synergist ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert P. Streicher ◽  
Christopher M. Reh ◽  
Rosa Key-Schwartz ◽  
Paul C. Schlecht ◽  
Mary Ellen Cassinelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method
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