scholarly journals Root Development of Rice Plant in Well- vs. Ill-Drained Soil Conditions

1934 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-211
Author(s):  
Shikuro MIURA
Keyword(s):  
Root Development ◽  
Rice Plant ◽  
Soil Conditions

scholarly journals Seedling growth, root development and nutrient use efficiency of Cypress clones in response to calcium fertilizer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Guoqing Jin ◽  
Zhichun Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Root Development ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Fine Roots ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Fertile Soil ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Accumulation Efficiency ◽  
Infertile Soil

Abstract Background: Cypress (Cupressus funebris Endl.) is an important tree species in the subtropics of China, it is also a major tree species for afforestation and forest land restoration under infertile site conditions. Cypress is considered to be a calcicolous tree, whose there are growth and development can be promoted significantly by exchangeable Calcium (Ca2+) in the soil. However, most of the subtropical regions have infertile acidic soils, in which Ca2+ gradually becomes a limiting element for cypress growth. Results: In this study, different concentrations of Ca2+ fertilizer were added under fertile and infertile soil conditions. Cypress clones responded differently to Ca2+ addition in different soil conditions. In the infertile soil, the addition of 3 g•kg− 1 Ca2+ advanced and prolonged the fast-growing period of seedling height growth, increased plant height and dry biomass, promoted the development of fine roots ≤ 1.5 mm in diameter, and improved accumulation efficiencies of nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) and Ca by the roots in cypress clones; however, the addition of 6 g•kg− 1 Ca2+ inhibited height growth and root development of cypress. In the fertile soil, Ca2+ addition delayed and shortened the fast-growing period for cypress height growth, but plant height and dry biomass did not differ significantly between treatments; Ca2+ addition also inhibited the development of fine roots. The clone with fast height growth had a larger proportion of roots with a diameter ≤ 1.5 mm and achieved higher N accumulation efficiency, while Ca accumulation efficiency showed genotypic differences only in the fertile soil. Conclusions: An appropriate level of Ca2+ can be added to infertile soil to promote cypress seedling growth, and clones with fast height growth and developed fine roots can be selected for cultivation and promotion in the fertile soil without Ca2+ application.

Early root development of poplars (Populus spp.) in relation to moist and saturated soil conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecka Mc Carthy ◽  
Magnus Löf ◽  
Emile S. Gardiner
Keyword(s):  
Root Development ◽  
Saturated Soil ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Populus Spp

scholarly journals Seedling growth, root development and nutrient use efficiency of Cypress clones in response to calcium fertilizer

Dendrobiology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Guoqing Jin ◽  
Zhichun Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Root Development ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Fertile Soil ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Accumulation Efficiency

Cypress (Cupressus funebris Endl.) is an important tree species in the subtropical regions of China; it is also a major tree species for afforestation and forest land restoration under low-fertility soil conditions. Cypress is considered a calcicolous tree, and its growth and development can be promoted significantly by exchangeable calcium (Ca2+) in the soil. However, most of the subtropical regions have low-fertility acidic soils, in which Ca2+ gradually becomes a limiting element for Cypress growth. In this study, different concentrations of Ca2+ fertilizer were added under fertile soil (3 g·kg-1 NPK fertilizer added) and low-fertility soil (0 g·kg-1 NPK fertilizer added) conditions. Cypress clones responded differently to Ca2+ addition in different soil conditions. The seedling height and dry matter quality of Cypress in fertile soil were significantly greater than those in low-fertility soil, but plant height and dry biomass did not differ significantly among Ca2+ treatments. The accumulation efficiencies of nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) and Ca all differed significantly among the Ca2+ treatments. In low-fertility soil, the addition of 3 g·kg-1 Ca2+ significantly promoted development of roots 0.5–2 mm in diameter, and both the C1 and C2 clones achieved their highest N, P and Ca accumulation efficiencies. When the Ca2+ concentration increased to 6 g·kg-1, the seedling height, dry matter quality and root development were lower than those of the 3 g·kg-1 Ca2+ treatment. In the fertile soil, the addition of Ca2+ significantly inhibited development of roots 0.5–1 mm in diameter. The highest N accumulation efficiency was achieved under the 0 g·kg-1 Ca2+ treatment, and the highest Ca accumulation efficiency was achieved under the 6 g·kg-1 Ca2+ treatment. Seedling height, root dry weight, roots 0–1.5 mm in diameter and Ca accumulation showed a significant interaction effect between NPK fertilizer and Ca2+. Therefore, Ca accumulation was more efficient in low-fertility soils. Under low-fertility soil conditions, the addition of CaSO4 can promote the root development of seedlings and advance and prolong the fast growth period of seedling height. Cypress clones can be used as an important tree species for afforestation under low-fertility soil conditions, especially under calcareous soil conditions.

scholarly journals Grape rootstock - scion interactions on shoot growth and cane maturing

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Kocsis
Keyword(s):  
Root Development ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
First Year ◽  
Special Soil ◽  
Growth Characters

Interaction between the rootstock and scion varieties (clones) was examined. Berlandieri x Riparia T. K. 5BB, Berlandieri x Riparia T.5C being the most widely used varieties in Hungary, Fercal, Ruggeri 140 being recently used on special soil conditions ; Georgikon 28 a new established variety and Berlandieri x Riparia T. 8B GK 10 clone were the rootstocks used. The V. vinifera L. varieties were a clone of Italian Riesling and two new hybrids from the same cross population f ( Noble Italian Riesling X Ezerjó) X ( Noble Italian Riesling X Pinot Gris ) }. This study presents the results how the growth habit depends on different scion/stock combinations in the first three years. Shoot growth characters were observed during the initial years after plantation in the vineyard until we got the first yields. Our results did not agree with those of Pospisilova (1977) that the anticipated vigour of shoot growth will appear later in the vineyard only. However we agree with Zimmerman (1970), who showed that the differences are caused by the rootstocks in the growth habit of vines during the first two years already. The differences in shoot elongation decreased similarly to the rootstocks in the first year of fruit production. It shows us that the intense root development caused vigorous shoot growth, which we think to be a rootstock effect. When the vegetative and generative development are balanced already, the effect of scions in shoot elongation became stronger than the effect of rootstock. We also found great differences in the maturation of wood each year from planting of the vineyard to the year of fruit production. During the first years the differences of cane maturation were greater according to the scion varieties, the means were significantly different. In the first ripening year the differences dwindled or increased due to the rootstocks. This means that the effect of the rootstock on cane maturation became stronger in the first year of fruit production.  

scholarly journals "Lion Tail Like Root" Formation in Rice Plant and the Soil Conditions

1969 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 442-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masuo SOEZIMA ◽  
Shin-ichiro KAWATA
Keyword(s):  
Rice Plant ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Soil Conditions

scholarly journals FORM OF NITROGEN AFFECTS GROWTH OF CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 752c-752
Author(s):  
Paul A. Thomas ◽  
Joyce G. Latimer
Keyword(s):  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Growth Environment ◽  
Bedding Plants ◽  
Ammonium N ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio

Annual vinca [Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don] is intolerant of high fertility, cool temperatures, and wet soil conditions, making vinca difficult for growers to produce alongside other, more tolerant bedding plants. Our objective was to develop better recommendations for producers. Growth of `Grape Cooler' vinca was compared using different production inputs, including type of media (with or without bark), form of micronutrient source, and form of N. Optimal root and shoot dry weights occurred in peat-lite media with either sulfated or chelated micronutrients adjusted to pH 5.5. Root and shoot dry weights were greatest when high nitrate-N to ammonium-N ratio fertilizers were used. Root and shoot dry weights were negatively affected by high levels of ammonium-N in the fertilizer solution. Root development is the critical factor in the production of high-quality vinca. Our data suggest that root development may be optimized by using fertilizer products that have a high nitrate to ammoniacal nitrogen ratio. Micronutrients in the sulfate form also seem to enhance growth when medium pH is maintained near 5.5. Use of high-porosity, peat-based mixes appears to provide an optimal root growth environment.

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