THE USE OF IMMUNOBLOT ANALYSIS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF CANINE VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS IN AN ENDEMIC AREA OF RIO DE JANEIRO

In Brazil, American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL) is caused byLeishmania (Leishmania) chagasi and its main vector isLutzomyia longipalpis. Cases of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) in non-endemic areas have been reported over the last few years throughout the country. The objective of this research note is to describe an autochthonous case of CVL that occurred in the municipality of Volta Redonda, state of Rio de Janeiro, an area where the disease is not endemic, alerting veterinarians and the scientific community to the expansion of this important zoonosis and advising veterinary practitioners on how to deal with a suspicion of CVL. Canine visceral leishmaniasis can be misdiagnosed within a broad spectrum of canine diseases based on clinical and laboratory findings. Therefore, knowledge of its clinical manifestations, specific and sensitive laboratory diagnostic tests and parasitological procedures are of the utmost importance for rapid confirmation and notification of a case, thus contributing directly to the control of a focus.

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Can vaccines against canine visceral leishmaniasis interfere with the serological diagnostics recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Health?

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20160846 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 47 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Monique Paiva de Campos ◽

Paula Mello De Luca ◽

Alinne Rangel dos Santos Renzetti ◽

Sara Maria Marques de Souza ◽

Artur Augusto Velho Mendes Júnior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Enzyme Immunoassay ◽

Clinical Evaluation ◽

Laboratory Tests ◽

Endemic Area ◽

Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Ministry Of Health ◽

Evaluation Time ◽

One Year ◽

Serological Diagnostics

ABSTRACT: The objective of the current research was to assess seroconversion in dogs immunized with Leishmune® and Leish Tec® vaccines using rapid chromatographic immunoassay DPP® (Dual Path Platform) (DPP CVL) and enzyme immunoassay (EIE) up to one year after the vaccination protocol. The study sample comprised 28 dogs divided into two groups, each group immunized with an anti-CVL vaccine and clinically monitored for one year through clinical evaluation and laboratory tests. 22 (78.5%) dog were monitored. During the evaluation time (T1-30 days, T2-6 months, and T3-1 year after vaccination) the results for all dogs were negative for CVL, except for one animal vaccinated with Leish tec® that seroconverted in the DPP CVL test at T2. Subsequent examinations of this dog were negative. Our results showed that in a non-endemic area, even at different evaluation times, dogs vaccinated against CVL with Leishmune® or Leish tec® did not seroconvert in the serological protocol used by the Brazilian Ministry of Health (DPP/EIE).

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Importance of Lutzomyia longipalpis in the dynamics of transmission of canine visceral leishmaniasis in the endemic area of Porteirinha Municipality, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Veterinary Parasitology ◽

10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.05.006 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 131 (3-4) ◽

pp. 213-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

João C. França-Silva ◽

Ricardo A. Barata ◽

Roberto T. da Costa ◽

Érika Michalsky Monteiro ◽

George L. L. Machado-Coelho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Endemic Area ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽

Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis

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GEOGRAPHICAL EXPANSION OF CANINE VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS IN RIO DE JANEIRO STATE, BRAZIL

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46652015000500012 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 57 (5) ◽

pp. 435-438 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Denise Amaro da SILVA ◽

Maria de Fátima MADEIRA ◽

Fabiano Borges FIGUEIREDO

Keyword(s):

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Etiologic Agent ◽

Domestic Dog ◽

Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Public Agencies ◽

Leishmania Chagasi ◽

Geographical Expansion ◽

Vector Borne ◽

Janeiro State

SUMMARY Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a vector-borne disease that affects humans, and domestic and wild animals. It is caused by the protozoan Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum (syn = Leishmania chagasi). The domestic dog (Canis familiaris) is considered the main reservoir of the etiologic agent of VL in domestic and peridomestic environments. In the past three years, although control actions involving domestic dogs are routinely performed in endemic areas of the Rio de Janeiro State, new cases of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) have been reported in several municipalities. The objective of this short communication was to describe the geographical expansion of CVL in the Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, through its reports in the scientific literature and studies performed by our group. From 2010 to 2013, autochthonous and allochthonous cases of CVL were reported in the municipalities of Mangaratiba, Marica, Niteroi, Barra Mansa, Cachoeiras de Macacu, Volta Redonda, Resende and Rio de Janeiro. These reports demonstrate that CVL is in intense geographical expansion around the state; therefore, a joint effort by public agencies, veterinarians and researchers is needed in order to minimize and/or even prevent the dispersion of this disease.

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Study of sand fly fauna in an endemic area of American cutaneous leishmaniasis and canine visceral leishmaniasis in the municipality of Espírito Santo do Pinhal, São Paulo, Brazil

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz ◽

10.1590/s0074-02762010000200017 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 105 (2) ◽

pp. 208-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Fernanda Elisa Colla-Jacques ◽

Cláudio Casanova ◽

Ângelo Pires do Prado

Keyword(s):

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽

Endemic Area ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Sand Fly ◽

Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

São Paulo ◽

Espírito Santo ◽

American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽

Espirito Santo

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Serological survey of cases of canine visceral leishmaniasis and evaluation of phlebotomine fauna on Marambaia Island, municipality of Mangaratiba, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Ciência Veterinária ◽

10.4322/rbcv.2015.304 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 247-251

Author(s):

Livia Aparecida Lopes do Carmo ◽

Marcos Barbosa de Souza ◽

Valmir Laurentino da Silva ◽

Fernanda Nunes Santos ◽

Adilson Benedito de Almeida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Serological Survey ◽

Marambaia Island ◽

Janeiro State

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Canine visceral leishmaniasis: study of methods for the detection of IgG in serum and eluate samples

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46652010000400005 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 52 (4) ◽

pp. 193-196 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Fabiano B. Figueiredo ◽

Maria F. Madeira ◽

Lílian D. Nascimento ◽

Tuanne R. Abrantes ◽

Eliame Mouta-confort ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Filter Paper ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Serological Test ◽

Fluorescent Antibody ◽

Antibody Test ◽

Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Leishmania Chagasi ◽

Blood Samples ◽

One Year

The Brazilian Ministry of Health recommends the culling and euthanasia of dogs with a positive serological test for canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). In the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro, the technique used for the diagnosis of CVL is the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT), using blood samples eluted on filter paper (eluate). A dog survey was conducted over a period of one year in the region of Carapiá, in order to evaluate the diagnosis of CVL in this region. All animals underwent clinical examination, and blood samples (serum and eluate) were collected for analysis by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) and IFAT. A skin biopsy was obtained for parasitological examination (culture). A total of 305 animals were studied and Leishmania chagasi was isolated from nine animals. Sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 96.6% for ELISA, respectively, 100% and 65.5% for IFAT (cut-off at a 1:40 dilution), 100% and 83.4% for IFAT (cut-off at a 1:80 dilution), and 22.2% and 97.0% for eluate IFAT. In conclusion, ELISA was the best tool for the diagnosis of CVL among the serological techniques tested. The present results suggest the need for a better evaluation of filter paper IFAT as the only diagnostic method for CVL in the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro.

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