New species and records from the Eocene of England and France support early diversification of the coral genus Acropora

2008 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carden C. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
History Museum ◽  
Coral Genus ◽  
Rapid Speciation ◽  
Early Diversification ◽  
Species Groups

Five new species of the highly successful reef-building coral genus Acropora are described from Eocene locations in England and France (Acropora britannica, A. alvarezi, A. wilsonae, A. bartonensis, and A. proteacea) and additional records are given for six fossil species (A. deformis, A. anglica, A. solanderi, A. roemeri, A. lavandulina, and A. ornata), based on re-examination of material in the collections of the Natural History Museum, London. Specimens came from the Lutetian (49.0 to 41.3 Ma) of France, Bartonian (41.4 to 37.0 Ma) of England and France and Priabonian (36.0-34.2 Ma) of England. Included are the earliest record of a species with tabular or plate-like colonies similar to those in the modern “hyacinthus” species group (A. proteacea n. sp.) and the earliest records of simple hispidose forms (A. bartonensis n. sp. and A. roemeri), similar to those in the modern “florida” species group. The Priabonian material from southern England (A. brittanica n. sp. and A. anglica) shows the earliest occurrence of two sturdy species groups, the “humilis II” and “robusta” groups respectively, which now occur together on reef fronts throughout the modern Indo-Pacific. The new descriptions and records contribute to evidence that the genus diversified rapidly after its appearance in the fossil record. This diversification may have contributed to the rapid speciation and dispersal, observed in this genus during the Neogene, culminating in its extraordinary dominance of modern Indo-Pacific reefs.

A new fossil species of the genus Limodromus Motschulsky, 1850 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Platynini) from Baltic amber with remarks on its death process

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-408
Author(s):  
Sara Gamboa ◽  
Vicente M. Ortuño
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Baltic Amber ◽  
Sister Taxon ◽  
Death Process ◽  
Fossil Species

Limodromus emetikos sp. n. (Coleoptera: Carabidae) is described and illustrated from Baltic amber (Eocene). Based on its morphological features, the new species is considered a sister taxon of the extant Holarctic assimilis species group. Furthermore, the specimen described here could represent a case of stress-triggered regurgitation, which would represent the first fossil record of such a process in beetles.

scholarly journals New water strider species of Eurymetra from Madagascar (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Gerridae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Zettel
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Natural History Museum ◽  
Water Strider ◽  
History Museum ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Definition Of

The Madagascan material of the halobatine genus Eurymetra Esaki, 1926 (Hemi­ptera: Heteroptera: Gerridae: Halobatinae), which is deposited at the Natural History Museum Vienna, is revised. A close examination of “Eurymetra madagascariensis Poisson, 1945” revealed two new species, Eurymetra santamariae sp. nov. and Eurymetra papaceki sp. nov. A definition of the newly established Eurymetra madagascariensis species group is provided as well as keys to the freshwater halobatine genera and to Eurymetra species known from Madagascar.

Systematics and natural history of Barronopsis (Araneae: Agelenidae), with description of a new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2270 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
IAN CHRISTOPHER STOCKS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
History Of ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Group B ◽  
A New Species

The monophyletic agelenid genus Barronopsis Chamberlin & Ivie is revised to include 6 species. The Cuban species B. campephila Alayón and B. cesari Alayón are synonomized under B. barrowsi (Gertsch) and B. jeffersi (Muma), respectively, and B. stephaniae new species is described. Natural history observations, distribution maps, diagnoses and descriptions, and a species identification key including B. texana (Gertsch), B. arturoi Alayón, and B. floridensis (Muma) are provided. Detailed descriptions of the male palpus and female genitalia, a review and evaluation of historical terminology used to describe agelenid palpal bulbs, and a discussion of the utility of certain male palpal characters in resolving phylogeny within Agelenidae are provided. Based on the morphology of the male and female genitalia and morphometric data, two species groups are recognized: a large-bodied B. texana species group (B. texana, floridensis, arturoi, jeffersi) and a small-bodied B. barrowsi species group (B. barrowsi, B. stephaniae). A cladistic analysis of Barronopsis, using Tortolena glaucopis (F. O. P.-Cambridge), Melpomene singula (Gertsch & Ivie), and species of Agelenopsis Giebel as outgroups identified three most parsimonious trees of 37 steps. The strict consensus tree yielded the following species relationships: (Agelenopsis (((B. texana, B. jeffersi), B. floridensis, B. arturoi), (B. barrowsi, B. stephaniae))))).Key words: Agelenopsis, revision, taxonomy, phylogenetic analysis

scholarly journals A century of waiting: description of a new Epictia Gray, 1845 (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae) based on specimens housed for more than 100 years in the collection of the Natural History Museum Vienna (NMW)

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Koch ◽  
Angele Martins ◽  
Silke Schweiger
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Natural History Museum ◽  
History Museum ◽  
A New Species

We describe a new species of Epictia based on eight specimens from Nicaragua collected and housed in the collection of the Natural History Museum Vienna for more than a century. The species differs from the congeners by the combination of external morphological characters: midtail scale rows 10; supralabials two, anterior one large and in broad contact with supraocular; infralabials four; subcaudals 14–19; middorsal scale rows 250–267; supraocular scales present; frontal scale distinct; striped dorsal color pattern with more or less triangular dark blotches on each scale; small white blotch in anterior part of dorsal surface of rostral present in five out of six specimens (two further specimens are lacking their heads); terminal spine and adjacent scales white. Eidonomic species separation from other Epictia spp. is also supported by a few qualitative and quantitative differences in vertebrae count and morphology. The new species is putatively assigned to the Epictia phenops species group based on external morphological characters and distribution.

New species and a new species-group of the coral genus Acropora (Scleractina : Astrocoeniina : Acroporidae) from Indo-Pacific locations

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 961 ◽  
Author(s):  
CC Wallace
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Coral Genus ◽  
New Information ◽  
Tropical Coral ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
A New Species

Eleven new species of the circum-tropical coral genus Acropora (Scleractinia : Astrocoeniina : Acroporidae) are described from material collected during a study of the biogeography of the genus worldwide. Previously known Indo-Pacific species of this genus mostly have broad distributions. The newly described species have been overlooked because they have more restricted distributions and in some cases they occur in deeper, rarely sampled, habitats; they thus contribute new information for assessment of the ecology and distribution patterns of the genus. Seven of the new species have low numbers of radial corallites relative to axial corallite number, a phenomenon uncommon amongst well-known (and widely distributed) species. It is suggested that this character would result in low reproductive output and may be responsible for the limited range of the species concerned. The new species are assigned to existing species-groups and a new species-group is suggested to accommodate two new species and three other valid species.

New species of Crotonia (Acari: Oribatida: Camisiidae) from Nothofagus and Eucalyptus forests in Victoria, Australia, with a redescription of the fossil species Crotonia ramus (Womersley, 1957)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2217 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
MATTHEW COLLOFF ◽  
GISELLE PERDOMO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Oribatid Mite ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Species Group ◽  
New Members ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
Sclerophyll Forest ◽  
Full Complement ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Wet Forests

Six new species of oribatid mite belonging to the genus Crotonia are described from wet forests in Victoria, Australia. Crotonia alpina sp. nov., C. cornuta sp. nov. and C. victoriae sp. nov. belong to the Capistrata species-group, having the full complement of notogastral setae in the c series; whilst C. momitoi sp. nov., C. blacki sp. nov. and C. gadubanudi sp. nov. are members of the Cophinaria species-group, lacking setae c 2 . The fossil species Crotonia ramus (Womersley, 1957), also a member of the Cophinaria group, is redescribed from Tertiary Kauri pine resin (Agathis yallournensis). The new members of the Capistrata group share an unique combination of characters, including long flagelliform setae c 3 , shorter setiform c 2 and with setae c 3 the shortest of the c series; lateral strips of the notogastral shield ornamented with fields of tubercles; narrow, blunt bothridial auriculae and elongate parallel apophyses of setae h 2 projecting horizontally. The morphological homogeneity of this cluster of species is mirrored by the members of the Cophinaria species-group described herein which, together with C. pyemaireneri Colloff, 2009 and C. tasmanica Łochyńska, 2008 from Tasmania, plus C. jethurmerae Lee, 1985 from South Australia, share relatively well-developed setae d 2 , a porose notogastral shield with narrow lateral tuberculate strips; elongate, acute bothridial auriculae; long, flagelliform setae p 1 and relatively short apophyses of setae h 2 , divergent apically, and projecting posteriodorsally. The Victorian members of the Capistrata andCophinaria species-groups represent two homogeneous clusters of species associated with temperate rainforest refugia and wet sclerophyll forest in high-rainfall zones. An identification key is provided to the Australian species of Crotonia.

Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Visiana Swinhoe (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae), with the description of two new species from Indonesia

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4369 (1) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
OLGA SCHMIDT
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural History ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Natural History Museum ◽  
History Museum ◽  
West Papua ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Species Groups

The present study contributes to the knowledge of the Indo-Pacific genus Visiana Swinhoe based on historic specimens collected in Indonesia and deposited in the collections of the Natural History Museum (London, UK) and Naturalis Biodiversity Center (Leiden, the Netherlands). Two new species V. cyclopsensis, sp. nov. from the Cyclops Mountains (West Papua) and V. minahasensis, sp. nov. from Minahasa (Sulawesi) are described and illustrated. These belong to two different species groups. An updated checklist of the genus Visiana, comprising 18 species is included. 

Diagnostics and updated catalogue of Acalyptris Meyrick, the second largest genus of Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) in the Americas

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4748 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-247
Author(s):  
JONAS R. STONIS ◽  
ARŪNAS DIŠKUS ◽  
ARŪNAS DIŠKUS ◽  
ANDRIUS REMEIKIS ◽  
SERGIO A. VARGAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural History ◽  
South America ◽  
Natural History Museum ◽  
Zoological Museum ◽  
History Museum ◽  
Type Series ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

We list all 56 currently known Acalyptris Meyrick species from North and South America, designate five new species groups, and provide pictorial diagnostics for all nine revised species groups of the American fauna. We describe seven new species: A. marmor Stonis & Diškus, sp. nov., A. barbudo Stonis & Remeikis, sp. nov., A. jareki Stonis & Diškus, sp. nov., A. hilli Stonis & Diškus, sp. nov., A. mortalis Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov., A. hyacinthum Stonis & Vargas, sp. nov., and A. extremus Stonis & Diškus, sp. nov. We provide new data on morphology, biology or distribution for the following species: A. murex Diškus & Stonis, A. hispidus Puplesis & Robinson, A. trifidus Puplesis & Robinson, A. bifidus Puplesis & Robinson, A. terrificus Šimkevičiūtė & Stonis, and particularly A. yucatani Remeikis & Stonis. We transfer Fomoria miranda Diškus & Stonis to Acalyptris and provide the first photographic documentation of A. novenarius Puplesis & Robinson, A. fortis Puplesis & Robinson, A. martinheringi Puplesis & Robinson, A. basihastatus Puplesis & Diškus, A. pseudohastatus Puplesis & Diškus, A. articulosus Puplesis & Diškus, A. bovicorneus Puplesis & Diškus, and A. insolentis Puplesis & Diškus. We also comment on the re-deposition of some type series to the collection of the Zoological Museum of the Natural History Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen. 

Seven new species of the Neotropical electric fish Gymnotus (Teleostei, Gymnotiformes) with a redescription of G. carapo (Linnaeus)

Zootaxa ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 287 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES S. ALBERT ◽  
WILLIAM G.R. CRAMPTON
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Andean Cordillera ◽  
Early Diversification ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Pacific Slope ◽  
Group 1

Seven new species of Gymnotus are described, and a redescription of the type species G. carapo sensu-stricto Linnaeus (G. carapo s.s.) is provided, from examination of populations from throughout tropical South and Middle America. The new species are described on the basis of unique combinations of characters. Five of the new species are members of the G. carapo species-group: 1, Gymnotus choco n. sp., from the Baudó and Atrato basins on the Pacific and Caribbean slopes of Colombia; 2, Gymnotus esmeraldas n. sp., from the Esmeraldas and Guayaquil basins on the Pacific Slope of Ecuador; 3, Gymnotus henni n. sp., from the Calima and Juradó basins on the Pacific Slope of Colombia; 4, Gymnotus paraguensis n. sp., from the Paraguay basin; 5, Gymnotustigre n. sp., from the Amazon basin of Ecuador, Peru and Brazil. Two of the new species are members of the G. pantherinus species-group: 1, Gymnotus javari n. sp., from the Amazon, Napo, Javarí, and Ucayali basins; 2, Gymnotus panamensis n. sp., from Atlantic slope of western Panama. Gymnotus carapo s.s. is restricted to the Amazon and Orinoco basins, the Island of Trinidad, the coastal basins of the Guianas, and the Brazilian state of Piauí. Six allopatric populations of G. carapo s.s are recognized from differences in the mean, modal or median values of morphometric and meristic traits: 1, Eastern Amazon; 2, Parnaíba and Itapicuru basins; 3, Branco basin; 4; Guiana Shield, Orinoco basin and Island of Trinidad; 5, Madeira basin of Brazil, Bolivia and Peru; 6, Western Amazon basin of Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. Four of the new species representing both the G. carapo and G. pantherinus species-groups inhabit waters to the west of the Andean Cordillera. The biogeographic distributions of these species-groups suggest origins and early diversification before the most recent Andean orogeny, c. 8–12 mya.

A second new species of Nanophyllium Redtenbacher, 1906 from the northern coast of New Guinea (Phasmida, Phylliidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4238 (2) ◽  
pp. 246 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROYCE T. CUMMING
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural History ◽  
San Diego ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Single Male ◽  
Male Specimen ◽  
History Museum ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
A New Species

A new species of leaf insect, Nanophyllium larssoni n. sp. is described and illustrated bringing the known species in the genus to a total of six. Like all species of Nanophyllium Redtenbacher, 1906, the new species is named from a single male specimen, which is deposited in the San Diego Natural History Museum. With this newly identified species, two clear species-groups emerge and are described, in detail, in the species key. Measurements of anatomical figures were made to the nearest 0.1 mm. 

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