scholarly journals Paleoecologic and Biostratigraphic Significance of Trace Fossils From Shallow- to Marginal-Marine Environments From the Middle Cambrian (Stage 5) of Jordan

2012 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 931-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Hofmann ◽  
M. Gabriela Mángano ◽  
Olaf Elicki ◽  
Rafie Shinaq
Keyword(s):  
Trace Fossils ◽  
Trace Fossil ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
Fossil Assemblages ◽  
Maximum Flooding Surface

The Hanneh Member (Cambrian Stage 5) of the Burj Formation and the Umm Ishrin Formation of Jordan represent a transgressive-regressive succession that contains twenty-eight ichnotaxa, including vertical burrows (Arenicolitesisp.,Diplocraterionisp.,Gyrolithes polonicus,Rosseliaisp.,Skolithos linearis, escape trace fossils), horizontal simple burrows and trails (Archaeonassa fossulata,Gordia marina,Helminthoidichnites tenuis,Palaeophycus tubularis,Planolites beverleyensis,P. montanus), plug-shaped burrows (Bergaueria sucta), horizontal branched burrows (Asterosomaisp.,Phycodesisp.,Treptichnuscf.T. pedum), bilobate structures (various ichnospecies ofCruzianaandRusophycus), and trackways and scratch marks (Diplichnitesisp.,Dimorphichnuscf.D. obliquus,Monomorphichnusisp.). Eleven trace-fossil assemblages are identified. TheArenicolitesisp. andDiplocraterionisp. assemblages occur in transgressive tidal dunes and bars whereas theRosseliaisp. assemblage characterizes areas between tidal dunes. TheCruziana salomonisassemblage reflects a wide variety of environmental settings including channels within tidal-bar complexes, bottomsets of tidal dunes, and interdune areas. TheGordia marinaassemblage is present between dune patches. TheGyrolithes polonicusassemblage penetrates into firmground mudstone below the maximum flooding surface. TheBergaueria sucta,Archaeonassa fossulata,Rusophycus aegypticusandCruziana problematicaassemblages occur in different subenvironments of the progradational delta.Cruziana salomonisandRusophycus burjensis, originally considered indicative of an early Cambrian age, are actually middle Cambrian in their type locality. Occurrences ofCruziana jordanicaandRusophycus aegypticusprovide evidence that these ichnospecies are of the same age in Jordan and may co-exist in terms of stratigraphic distribution withC. salomonisandR. burjensis.

New occurrences of Oldhamia and other trace fossils in the Cambrian of the Yukon and Ellesmere Island, arctic Canada

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 767-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Hofmann ◽  
M. P. Cecile ◽  
L. S. Lane
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Trace Fossils ◽  
Trace Fossil ◽  
Ellesmere Island ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
Arctic Canada ◽  
North Central ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
New Occurrences

Trace fossil assemblages from green and maroon argillites at 34 localities in the British Mountains and Barn Mountains of northernmost Yukon, and 3 localities in the Grant Land Formation of northern Ellesmere Island contain abundant Planolites spp., Oldhamia curvata, Oldhamia flabellata, and Oldhamia radiata, and rare Oldhamia antiqua, Oldhamia? wattsi (n.comb.), Bergaueria hemispherica, Cochlichnus sp., Didymaulichnus? sp., Helminthoidichnites sp., Monomorphichnus sp., Protopaleodictyon sp., and Tuberculichnus? sp. Additionally, 11 new sites in the Selwyn Mountains of north-central Yukon have yielded an ichnofauna including Helminthorhaphe sp., O. curvata, O. flabellata, O. radiata, Plagiogmus? sp., Planolites spp., and unidentified small hemispherical traces. All these assemblages are interpreted as Early Cambrian to early Middle Cambrian, based on comparison with Oldhamia-bearing ichnofaunas of similar age in North America, Argentina, and western Europe, and on archaeocyathids and olenellids in overlying units.

The type specimens (Middle Cambrian) of the trace fossil Archaeonossa Fenton and Fenton

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1210-1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellis L. Yochelson ◽  
Mikhail A. Fedonkin
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
National Park ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Trace Fossils ◽  
Trace Fossil ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Middle Cambrian

The original description of Archaeonossa, from beds considered Early Cambrian but now dated as early Middle Cambrian, included at least two unrelated forms of trace fossils. The ichnogenus and the type ichnospecies are redefined, a lectotype is designated, and the type material is reiilustrated, along with topotype material from Yoho National Park, British Columbia. Although this trace fossil was originally attributed to movement by a gastropod, it is concluded, on the basis of restudy, that the type occurrence should not be used as evidence of activity by Gastropoda.

A revision of the upper part of the Saq Formation and Hanadir Shale (lower Ordovician) of Saudi Arabia

1988 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. El-Khayal ◽  
M. Romano
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Trace Fossils ◽  
Trace Fossil ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Lower Ordovician ◽  
Fossil Assemblages

AbstractThe previously termed Hanadir Shale of Saudi Arabia is described and re-defined as the Hanadir Formation. At the type locality of Al Hanadir the unit is probably entirely of Llanvirn age while further north shelly faunas of possible Llandeilo age occur in the upper part. Trace fossil assemblages with abundant cruzianids (C. furcifera, C. rugosa, C. goldfussi), Pelecypodichnus, Didymaulichnus and Diplichnites indicate an Arenig age for beds in the upper part of the underlying Saq Formation, while the top of this unit yielded hitherto unrecorded pendent and biserial scandent graptolites, a sparse shelly fauna of lingulacean brachiopods, Neseuretus sp. and the trace fossils Cruziana? imbricata and Phycodes.

The trace fossil Dactyloidites ottoi (Geinitz, 1849) from the Neogene August Town Formation of south-central Jamaica

1993 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1070-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron K. Pickerill ◽  
Stephen K. Donovan ◽  
Harold L. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Trace Fossils ◽  
Trace Fossil ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Biogenic Origin ◽  
South Central ◽  
Rock Record ◽  
Distinctive Morphology ◽  
Detailed Interpretation ◽  
Deposit Feeding

Rosette-shaped problematica are relatively common structures in the Phanerozoic rock record. Historically, they have been accorded a variety of names and documented from various shallow to deep marine environments. Unfortunately, the detailed interpretation of many such structures as biogenic (trace fossils, medusoids, or other body fossils; see, for example, Häntzschel, 1970, 1975) or nonbiogenic (for example, Pickerill and Harris, 1979) in origin still remains to be resolved. However, a detailed analysis of one such structure by Fürsich and Bromley (1985), namely Dactyloidites Hall, 1886, convincingly demonstrated its biogenic origin. The distinctive morphology of Dactyloidites and its synonyms was interpreted by Fürsich and Bromley (1985) to result from successive probings of an essentially stationary deposit-feeding, worm-like organism, possibly possessing a proboscis, to produce a rosetted, vertical spreiten with a centrally located, vertical or subvertical shaft.

New ichnofabrics of the Cenomanian–Danian Chalk Group

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (7) ◽  
pp. 701-712
Author(s):  
Kasper H. Blinkenberg ◽  
Bodil W. Lauridsen ◽  
Dirk Knaust ◽  
Lars Stemmerik
Keyword(s):  
Trace Fossils ◽  
Trace Fossil ◽  
Shelf Area ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Fossil Assemblages ◽  
Facies Types ◽  
Body Fossil ◽  
Substrate Hardness ◽  
Nw Europe ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRACT The Cenomanian–Danian Chalk Group of NW Europe is characterized by distinct trace-fossil assemblages dominated by Thalassinoides isp., Planolites isp., Zoophycos isp., and Chondrites isp., whereas ichnogenera such as Taenidium and Phycosiphon are rare. The trace fossils form a complex tiering arrangement, which reflects burrowing activities of diverse benthic associations that operate at different levels in the sediment column, dynamic sedimentation rates, and changes in substrate hardness during progressive burial, forming intricate ichnofabrics. In the Danish Basin, studies of chalk ichnofabrics have focused mainly on the Maastrichtian. Studies of the shallower, grain-rich Danian chalk have revealed similar trace-fossil assemblages, whereas the ichnology of the fine-grained, deeper-water Danian deposits is poorly known. Based on detailed facies and ichnofabric analysis of a mid-Danian silica-rich, pelagic chalk located in the central, deeper shelf area of the Danish Basin, four facies types, eight ichnotaxa, and two ichnofabrics are recognized. Most conspicuous and abundant are randomly distributed, variously sized meniscate burrows attributed to Bichordites isp. and Taenidium isp., whereas other common chalk trace fossils are rare or absent. This trace-fossil assemblage outlines two new ichnofabrics in the NW European chalk, which are dominated principally by upper-tier traces. The producer of the abundant Bichordites isp. and Taenidium isp. burrows is identified as a sea urchin on the basis of an exceptionally preserved Bichordites isp. trace aligned with an irregular echinoid body fossil. The identified ichnofabrics controlled early silicification and produced a more complex distribution of silica concretions compared with chalk successions elsewhere. This results in volumetrically thick silica concretion-rich units rather than distinctive silica bands as seen in other Upper Cretaceous and Danian chalk units.

Early Cambrian Ediacaran-type fossils from California

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 731-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Hagadorn ◽  
Christopher M. Fedo ◽  
Ben M. Waggoner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Great Basin ◽  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Trace Fossils ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Southwestern United States ◽  
White Mountains ◽  
Lower Member ◽  
Middle Member

Ediacara-type fossils are rare in the southwestern United States, and Cambrian occurrences of soft-bodied Ediacaran-type fossils are extremely rare. We report both discoidal and frondlike fossils comparable to Ediacaran taxa from the western edge of the Great Basin. We describe one specimen of a discoidal fossil, referred to the form species ?Tirasiana disciformis, from the upper member of the Lower Cambrian Wood Canyon Formation from the Salt Spring Hills, California. Two fragmentary specimens of frond-like soft-bodied fossils are described from the middle member of the Lower Cambrian Poleta Formation in the White Mountains, California, and the upper member of the Wood Canyon Formation in the southern Kelso Mountains, California. On the basis of similarities with fossils from the lower member of the Wood Canyon Formation and from the Spitzkopf Member of the Urusis Formation of Namibia, these specimens are interpreted as cf. Swartpuntia. All fossils were collected from strata containing diagnostic Early Cambrian body and trace fossils, and thus add to previous reports of complex Ediacaran forms in Cambrian marine environments. In this region, Swartpuntia persists through several hundred meters of section, spanning at least two trilobite zones.

Trace fossils from the Precambrian–Cambrian boundary candidate at Meishucun, Jinning, Yunnan, China

1986 ◽  
Vol 123 (6) ◽  
pp. 641-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. P. Crimes ◽  
Jiang Zhiwen
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Trace Fossils ◽  
Trace Fossil ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
Late Precambrian ◽  
Or Groups

AbstractThe Precambrian–Cambrian boundary candidate section at Meishucun, China, has yielded trace fossils which are abundant at some horizons. The earliest occur in Unit 3 of the Zhongyicun Member approximately 8 m above the lower selected stratotype reference point for the boundary and includeArenicolitessp.,Asteriacitessp.,Neonereites biserialis, N. uniserialisandSellaulichnus meishacunensis. The next trace-fossil-bearing horizon is in Unit 6 of the Zhongyicun Member whereCochlichnussp.,Monomorphichnussp.,Neonereites biserialisandN. uniserialisoccur. Immediately above, in Unit 7, areCruzianasp.,Didymaulichnus miettensis, Monomorphichnussp. andRusophycussp. In the Badaowan Member at the top of the section there areDidymaulichnussp. andTaphrhelminthopsis circularisin Unit 9,Arenicolitessp.,Diplocraterionsp.,Gordia molassica, Skolithossp. andT. circularisin Unit 11, andGordia meandria, ?Plagiogmussp.,Skolithossp. andT. circularisin Unit 12.Comparison of this trace-fossil distribution with that in key Precambrian–Cambrian boundary sections in other countries indicates that the ranges of a few trace fossils cross the boundary (e.g.Didymaulichnus, Neonereites, Planolites) but most appear only in the Cambrian. Different ichnogenera seem to appear at various levels above the boundary.ArenicolitesandAsteriacitesare among the first, whileTaphrhelminthopsis circularisis only encountered higher in all sequences. Some have only been recorded at much higher levels and relatively close to the first appearance of trilobites (e.g.Cruziana, Diplocraterion, Rusophycus). This suggests that the first appearance of specific trace fossils or groups of trace fossils may be valuable for locating the boundary in some sections and for correlating late Precambrian and early Cambrian strata.

scholarly journals Characteristic trace fossils from Miocene brackish-water deposits in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

Geologos ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunny C. Ezeh ◽  
Wilfred A. Mode ◽  
Berti M. Ozumba
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Trace Fossils ◽  
Trace Fossil ◽  
Fossil Assemblages

Abstract Miocene deposits in the eastern portion of the Greater Ughelli, Central Swamp and Coastal Swamp depobelts contain well-developed brackish-water trace fossil assemblages. Twelve ichnogenera have been identified, namely: Asterosoma, Bergaueria, Chondrites, Gyrolithes, Thalassinoides, Lockeia, Palaeophycus, ?Conichnus, Planolites, Siphonichnus, Skolithos and Diplocraterion. In addition, common non-descript, passively filled burrows and fugichnia (escape structures) have also been observed. The above-mentioned ichnogenera and associated non-descript structures can be arranged into six distinct and recurring ichnoassociations within the Greater Ughelli, Central Swamp and Coastal Swamp depobelts. Each ichnoassociation is comprised of a group of trace fossils which collectively reflect specific environmental conditions during deposition of these Miocene strata. All trace fossil assemblages illustrate deposition in nearshore, restricted settings. Ichnological and sedimentological criteria which may be utilized to recognise brackish-water deposits are discussed and illustrated in pictures of the cores studied.

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