The trace fossil Dactyloidites ottoi (Geinitz, 1849) from the Neogene August Town Formation of south-central Jamaica

1993 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1070-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron K. Pickerill ◽  
Stephen K. Donovan ◽  
Harold L. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Trace Fossils ◽  
Trace Fossil ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Biogenic Origin ◽  
South Central ◽  
Rock Record ◽  
Distinctive Morphology ◽  
Detailed Interpretation ◽  
Deposit Feeding

Rosette-shaped problematica are relatively common structures in the Phanerozoic rock record. Historically, they have been accorded a variety of names and documented from various shallow to deep marine environments. Unfortunately, the detailed interpretation of many such structures as biogenic (trace fossils, medusoids, or other body fossils; see, for example, Häntzschel, 1970, 1975) or nonbiogenic (for example, Pickerill and Harris, 1979) in origin still remains to be resolved. However, a detailed analysis of one such structure by Fürsich and Bromley (1985), namely Dactyloidites Hall, 1886, convincingly demonstrated its biogenic origin. The distinctive morphology of Dactyloidites and its synonyms was interpreted by Fürsich and Bromley (1985) to result from successive probings of an essentially stationary deposit-feeding, worm-like organism, possibly possessing a proboscis, to produce a rosetted, vertical spreiten with a centrally located, vertical or subvertical shaft.

Muckraking and Mudslinging: The Joys of Deposit-Feeding

1992 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 145-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Ekdale
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Trace Fossils ◽  
Trace Fossil ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Direct Information ◽  
Deposit Feeding

Trace fossils, as everyone knows by now, provide us with direct information about fossil behavior, and they offer us a wide variety of mysteries to solve in the area of paleoethology (literally, “the study of ancient behavior”). Chief among these mysteries are “what?”, “who?”, “why?” and “where?”. What we especially want to know is what a given trace fossil looks like in three dimensions, what type of organism(s) created it, for what reason(s) they made it, and under what type of environmental conditions the trace was made.

scholarly journals Paleoecologic and Biostratigraphic Significance of Trace Fossils From Shallow- to Marginal-Marine Environments From the Middle Cambrian (Stage 5) of Jordan

2012 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 931-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Hofmann ◽  
M. Gabriela Mángano ◽  
Olaf Elicki ◽  
Rafie Shinaq
Keyword(s):  
Trace Fossils ◽  
Trace Fossil ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
Fossil Assemblages ◽  
Maximum Flooding Surface

The Hanneh Member (Cambrian Stage 5) of the Burj Formation and the Umm Ishrin Formation of Jordan represent a transgressive-regressive succession that contains twenty-eight ichnotaxa, including vertical burrows (Arenicolitesisp.,Diplocraterionisp.,Gyrolithes polonicus,Rosseliaisp.,Skolithos linearis, escape trace fossils), horizontal simple burrows and trails (Archaeonassa fossulata,Gordia marina,Helminthoidichnites tenuis,Palaeophycus tubularis,Planolites beverleyensis,P. montanus), plug-shaped burrows (Bergaueria sucta), horizontal branched burrows (Asterosomaisp.,Phycodesisp.,Treptichnuscf.T. pedum), bilobate structures (various ichnospecies ofCruzianaandRusophycus), and trackways and scratch marks (Diplichnitesisp.,Dimorphichnuscf.D. obliquus,Monomorphichnusisp.). Eleven trace-fossil assemblages are identified. TheArenicolitesisp. andDiplocraterionisp. assemblages occur in transgressive tidal dunes and bars whereas theRosseliaisp. assemblage characterizes areas between tidal dunes. TheCruziana salomonisassemblage reflects a wide variety of environmental settings including channels within tidal-bar complexes, bottomsets of tidal dunes, and interdune areas. TheGordia marinaassemblage is present between dune patches. TheGyrolithes polonicusassemblage penetrates into firmground mudstone below the maximum flooding surface. TheBergaueria sucta,Archaeonassa fossulata,Rusophycus aegypticusandCruziana problematicaassemblages occur in different subenvironments of the progradational delta.Cruziana salomonisandRusophycus burjensis, originally considered indicative of an early Cambrian age, are actually middle Cambrian in their type locality. Occurrences ofCruziana jordanicaandRusophycus aegypticusprovide evidence that these ichnospecies are of the same age in Jordan and may co-exist in terms of stratigraphic distribution withC. salomonisandR. burjensis.

scholarly journals Trace fossils from the Lower and Middle Jurassic marginal marine deposits of the Sorthat Formation, Bornholm, Denmark

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 185-208
Author(s):  
Richard G. Bromley
Keyword(s):  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Trace Fossils ◽  
Trace Fossil ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Salinity Fluctuation ◽  
Fossil Assemblage ◽  
Marine Deposits ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
The Baltic

The Lower to Middle Jurassic Sorthat and Bagå Formations of the Baltic island of Bornholm, Denmark, are a predominantly fluviatile unit. On the south coast of the island at Korsodde, however, an interval within the Sorthat Formation contains a diverse trace fossil assemblage indicating a marine incursion. Study of this interval revealed 15 ichnotaxa, among which one is new: Bornichnus tortuosus nov. igen. et isp. Several of the trace fossils present are generally considered characteristic of the lower shoreface to offshore environments (e.g. Teichichnus and Asterosoma). However, the low degree of bioturbation and ichnodiversity, and sedimentological features, indicate an environment influenced by salinity fluctuation, probably a tidally influenced delta. Five ichnofabrics are defined that describe this setting and which may be indicative of marginal-marine environments that are influenced by salinity fluctuations.

scholarly journals Pleistocene golden mole and sand-swimming trace fossils from the Cape coast of South Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Martin G. Lockley ◽  
Charles W. Helm ◽  
Hayley C. Cawthra ◽  
Jan C. De Vynck ◽  
Michael R. Perrin
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Trace Fossils ◽  
Trace Fossil ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Environmental Reconstruction ◽  
Cape Coast ◽  
Southeast Coast ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Golden Mole ◽  
Body Fossil

Abstract More than 250 Pleistocene vertebrate trace fossil sites have been identified on the Cape south coast of South Africa in aeolianites and cemented foreshore deposits. These discoveries, representing the epifaunal tracks of animals that moved over these sand substrates, complement traditional body fossil studies, and contribute to palaeo-environmental reconstruction. Not described in detail until now, but also important faunal components, are the infaunal traces of animals that moved within these sandy substrates. Six golden mole burrow trace sites (Family Chrysochloridae) have been identified on the Cape south coast. In addition, three sites, including one on the Cape southeast coast, have been identified that show evidence of sand-swimming, probably by a golden mole with a means of locomotion similar to that of the extant Eremitalpa genus. Such traces have not been described in detail in the global ichnology record, and merit the erection of a new ichnogenus Natatorichnus, with two ichnospecies, N. subarenosa ichnosp. nov and N. sulcatus ichnosp. nov. Care is required in the identification of such traces, and the orientation of the trace fossil surface needs to be determined, to avoid confusion with hatchling turtle tracks. Substantial regional Pleistocene dune environments are inferred from these sand-swimming traces.

scholarly journals Lower Cambrian trace fossils from northern Greenland

1988 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
J Bergström ◽  
J.S Peel
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Trace Fossils ◽  
Trace Fossil ◽  
East Greenland ◽  
North West ◽  
North Greenland

Rusophyciform and cruzianaeform trace fossils are described from Lower Cambrian siliciciastic shelf deposits in North-West and North Greenland. Cruziana cf. C. dispar Linnarsson, 1869 is reported from the Dallas Bugt Formation of Inglefield Land while a new ichnospecies, Rusophycus marginatus, occurs in the Buen Formation of Peary Land and in the equivalent Humboldt Formation of Daugaard-Jensen Land. These species show no similarity to the Cruziana sp. previously described from East Greenland. The occurrence of C. cf. C. dispar could indicate some similarity in Cambrian trace fossil 'ichnofaunas' between Greenland and Europe but available material is insufficient to ciarify this relationship.

scholarly journals CHONDRITES-CLADICHNUS ICHNOCOENOSIS FROM THE DEEP-SEA DEPOSITS OF PIERFRANCESCO (CRETACEOUS; ITALY): OXYGEN- OR NUTRIENT-LIMITED?

2022 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREA BAUCON ◽  
GIROLAMO LO RUSSO ◽  
CARLOS NETO DE CARVALHO ◽  
FABRIZIO FELLETTI
Keyword(s):  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Trace Fossils ◽  
Northern Apennines ◽  
Trace Fossil ◽  
Ecological Succession ◽  
Rhythmic Pattern ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Fossil Assemblage

The Italian Northern Apennines are acknowledged as the place where ichnology was born, but there is comparatively little work about their ichnological record. This study bridges this gap by describing two new ichnosites from the locality of Pierfrancesco, which preserve an abundant, low-disparity trace-fossil assemblage within the Late Cretaceous beds of the M. Cassio Flysch. Results show that lithofacies and ichnotaxa are rhythmically organized. The base of each cycle consists of Megagrapton-bearing calciclastic turbidites, which are overlain by marlstone beds with an abundant, low-disparity assemblage of trace fossils. This includes Chondrites intricatus, C. patulus, C. targionii, C. recurvus and Cladichnus fischeri. The cycle top consists of mudstones with no distinct burrows. The rhythmic pattern of Pierfrancesco reflects a deep-sea ecological succession, in which species and behaviour changed as turbidite-related disturbances altered the seafloor. This study opens the question of whether the Chondrites-Cladichnus ichnocoenosis represents low-oxygen or nutrient-poor settings.

Martian stick-like structures are not trace fossils: a new protocol for testing ichnogenicity synthesized from paleosol ichnology

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jorge F. Genise
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Trace Fossils ◽  
Trace Fossil ◽  
The Future ◽  
Study Case ◽  
First Time

Abstract There are different criteria that are usually analysed independently before identifying a new trace fossil, such as morphological regularity, completeness, dispersion, recurrence and complexity, surface morphology, and context. The synthesis of these criteria, as utilized in paleosol ichnology, composes a protocol that is presented herein for the first time and can be used for testing the ichnogenicity of trace-like structures in any paleoenvironment of Earth or Mars. As a study case, the Martian ‘stick-like structures’ do not fulfil any of the requirements posed by this protocol to be postulated as trace fossils. The ichnogenicity test, focussed exclusively on morphology and context, is simpler but equally useful as the biogenicity ones. It may be applied in the future with other potential cases before carrying on more complex analyses or to evaluate the astrobiological interest of trace-like structures.

The Will

2021 ◽  
pp. 194-207
Author(s):  
Mattia Riccardi
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
The Will ◽  
Detailed Interpretation ◽  
Good And Evil

This chapter shows that Nietzsche’s model of the will is largely indebted to that worked out by the late 19th-century French psychologist Théodule Ribot. Both Nietzsche and Ribot see the will as resulting from the hierarchical coordination of affective states and behavioural inclinations. The chapter also includes a detailed interpretation of aphorism 19 of Beyond Good and Evil (where Nietzsche puts forward his most detailed analysis of volition) and of other late passages, arguing that he sees the act of willing as determined by command-obedience relations among the drives and that he views volitional phenomenology as a partially illusory accompanying phenomenon.

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