THE RELATION BETWEEN SEASONAL HYPERGLYCAEMIA AND THYROID ACTIVITY IN THE FROG (RANA TEMPORARIA)

1954 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Blood Sugar Level ◽  
Rana Temporaria ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Thyroid Activity ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Frog Rana Temporaria ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fat Bodies

SUMMARY The mean blood-sugar level of frogs killed in the field without previous excitement showed no significant variation between April and October inclusive (38±1·42 mg/100 ml.). The resting blood-sugar level at other times of the year, after 2–3 days in captivity, was slightly lower. A marked hyperglycaemic response to excitement could be elicited in the majority of frogs at the spawning season (March) and throughout the summer, while it was only found in April and early May in a few frogs which showed early development of the gonadial fat-bodies. The response was much reduced in September and absent in October. The seasonal occurrence of the hyperglycaemic response paralleled the known cycle of thyroid activity, and a significant correlation was found between the blood-sugar level and thyroid condition in individual excited frogs. A significant response to excitement has been induced in spring, summer and autumn by previous treatment with thyroxine. It is suggested that the thyroid hormone inhibits the destruction of circulating adrenergic compounds. The role of temperature in limiting the hyperglycaemic response is discussed.

PLASMA FREE FATTY ACID AND BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS IN NEWBORN INFANTS AND THEIR MOTHERS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-604
Author(s):  
Doman K. Keele ◽  
Jacob L. Kay
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Blood Sugar Level ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Plasma Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Diabetic Mothers

Simultaneous plasma free fatty acid (FFA) and blood sugar levels were determined for fasting newborn infants during the first 24 hours of life, for their cord bloods, and for their mothers at delivery. The following observations were made. In control infants the mean FFA level rose about three times the cord level after birth and was accompanied by a 25% drop in the mean blood sugar level. Thereafter, the mean blood sugar level remained relatively constant, but the mean FFA level varied from 2½ to 3 times the cord level. There was no significant correlation between the length of maternal fasting prior to delivery and the infant FFA level; there was, however a significant negative correlation between the length of maternal fasting prior to delivery and the infant blood sugar level at 24 hours of age. High FFA levels occurred in the infants of obese mothers and low levels were observed in infants with delayed respirations, in infants of preeclamptic mothers, and in infants of diabetic mothers.

scholarly journals Ganglionic and non-ganglionic neurons in frog heart: do they differ?

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Darius Batulevičius ◽  
Gertrūda Skripkienė ◽  
Greta Graužinytė ◽  
Augustina Grigaitė ◽  
Valdas Skripka
Keyword(s):  
Rana Temporaria ◽  
Lucifer Yellow ◽  
Frog Heart ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Fluorescent Markers ◽  
Lucifer Yellow Ch ◽  
Frog Rana Temporaria ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Intracardiac Neurons

This study was designed to compare the morphology of neurons in relation to their distance from the major nerve trunks in the heart of the frog Rana temporaria. Seventy-nine intracardiac neurons were labelled intracellularly with fluorescent markers Lucifer Yellow CH and Alexa Fluor 568. The neurons located on the extensions of the vagus nerve were considered as ganglionic, while neurons spread loosely at further distance from these extensions were considered as non-ganglionic. The mean area of the soma in ganglionic neurons was about 25% larger than in non-ganglionic neurons. Ganglionic neurons had a higher soma area/nucleus area ratio than non-ganglionic neurons. Although both the total number and the total length of dendrite-like processes was similar between the two groups, ganglionic neurons had significantly fewer dendrite-like processes from the soma (1.5±0.3 vs. 3.9±1.0; P<0.05) and shorter total length of these processes from the soma (63±18 μm vs. 178±51 μm; P<0.05). In conclusion, ganglionic and non-ganglionic frog intracardiac neurons exhibit substantial morphological differences. We hypothesize that these differences may indicate different projections or variations in the number of their preganglionic inputs.

Role of vitamin D on blood sugar level in diabetic patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Sushma Kumari ◽  
Mritunjay Kumar Upadhyay ◽  
Ashok Kumar Deo
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Blood Sugar Level ◽  
Diabetic Patients

THE EFFECT OF GLUCOSE AND FRUCTOSE INGESTION ON THE ADRENALINE AND NORADRENALINE LEVELS IN HUMAN PLASMA

1954 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. WEIL-MALHERBE ◽  
A. D. BONE
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Blood Sugar Level ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Subsequent Recovery ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Effect Of Glucose ◽  
Venous Plasma ◽  
Noradrenaline Levels

SUMMARY 1. The ingestion of 50 g glucose by fasting subjects led to an increase of the concentration of adrenaline in venous plasma amounting to a mean value of 55% after 10 min. The effect was almost as marked 5 min after the glucose meal when the mean blood sugar level had only gone up by 3%. During the period 10–60 min after the glucose meal the concentration of adrenaline in the plasma gradually returned to its initial value. 2. The concentration of noradrenaline in the plasma was not significantly changed after a glucose meal. 3. The ingestion of 50 g fructose by fasting subjects was without effect on the concentration of adrenaline or noradrenaline in the plasma. 4. A glucose meal given 15 min before an intravenous injection of insulin slightly modified the effect of insulin on the concentration of adrenaline by delaying its initial fall and also its subsequent recovery. It is suggested that the rise in the level of adrenaline after a glucose meal is caused by a decrease in the hepatic utilization of the hormone.

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