THE METABOLISM IN VITRO OF DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE AND DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULPHATE BY SERTOLI CELL TUMOURS OF THE TESTIS OF TWO DOGS WITH CLINICAL SIGNS OF HYPEROESTROGENISM

1968 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G PIERREPOINT

SUMMARY A comparative study was made of the metabolism in vitro of [4-14C] dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA) and [7α-3H]DHA sulphate by Sertoli cell tumours removed from two dogs with feminization and alopecia, respectively, and by a normal dog testis. The formation of oestrone, oestradiol-17β, oestradiol- 17α and oestriol, from either precursor, was not significantly different in the two tumours from that in the normal testis. The inversion of the relative production of androstenedione and testosterone from DHA by one of the tumours compared with the normal testis is discussed in the light of the clinical findings. The transformation of DHA sulphate to C19 steroids by normal and neoplastic testicular tissue and to testosterone sulphate by the neoplasms is described.

1967 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. PIERREPOINT ◽  
JEAN McI. GALLEY ◽  
K. GRIFFITHS ◽  
J. K. GRANT

SUMMARY The metabolism of [7α-3H]pregnenolone and [4-14C]dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA) by a Sertoli cell tumour of the testis from a dog with signs of feminization has been studied in vitro and compared with the metabolism of the normal canine testis. The tumour formed oestrone and oestradiol-17β from DHA thus providing direct evidence for the synthesis of oestrogen by this type of neoplasm. Relative or complete inactivity of several enzyme systems involved in the synthesis of testosterone was found in the tumour tissue, and the conversion of either precursor to testosterone was considerably less than in the normal testis. Suggestive evidence is presented for the occurrence of steroid-specific 17α-hydroxylase and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-isomerase systems in canine testicular tissue. The formation of sulphates of pregnenolone and DHA was shown both in normal and in neoplastic tissues and, in addition, the tumour either formed the sulphate of 17α-hydroxypregnenolone or caused the 17α-hydroxylation of pregnenolone sulphate.


1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. RAHEJA ◽  
O. J. LUCIS

SUMMARY The synthesis of testosterone from [4-14C]dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and [7α-3H]dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-S) by human testes in vivo and in vitro was investigated. Neither free testosterone nor free DHEA was found in a perfused testis or the spermatic venous plasma after the infusion of [7α-3H]DHEA-S into the spermatic artery in vivo, whereas 3H-labelled free DHEA, testosterone and androstenedione were isolated after incubation of testicular tissue with the same substrate in vitro. Only 14C-labelled testosterone was found in the spermatic venous effluent and in the testis after infusion of a mixture of equimolar amounts of [7α-3H]-DHEA-S and [4-14C]DHEA into the spermatic artery in vivo. Testosterone containing 3H and 14C was isolated after incubation of testicular tissue with a mixture of the two substrates in vitro.


2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 374-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Heckmann ◽  
D Langenstroth-Röwer ◽  
J Wistuba ◽  
J M D Portela ◽  
A M M van Pelt ◽  
...  

Abstract Successful in vitro spermatogenesis was reported using immature mouse testicular tissues in a fragment culture approach, raising hopes that this method could also be applied for fertility preservation in humans. Although maintaining immature human testicular tissue fragments in culture is feasible for an extended period, it remains unknown whether germ cell survival and the somatic cell response depend on the differentiation status of tissue. Employing the marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus), we aimed to assess whether the maturation status of prepubertal and peri-/pubertal testicular tissues influence the outcome of testis fragment culture. Testicular tissue fragments from 4- and 8-month-old (n = 3, each) marmosets were cultured and evaluated after 0, 7, 14, 28 and 42 days. Immunohistochemistry was performed for identification and quantification of germ cells (melanoma-associated antigen 4) and Sertoli cell maturation status (anti-Müllerian hormone: AMH). During testis fragment culture, spermatogonial numbers were significantly reduced (P < 0.05) in the 4- but not 8-month-old monkeys, at Day 0 versus Day 42 of culture. Moreover, while Sertoli cells from 4-month-old monkeys maintained an immature phenotype (i.e. AMH expression) during culture, AMH expression was regained in two of the 8-month-old monkeys. Interestingly, progression of differentiation to later meiotic stage was solely observed in one 8-month-old marmoset, which was at an intermediate state regarding germ cell content, with gonocytes as well as spermatocytes present, as well as Sertoli cell maturation status. Although species-specific differences might influence the outcome of testis fragment experiments in vitro, our study demonstrated that the developmental status of the testicular tissues needs to be considered as it seems to be decisive for germ cell maintenance, somatic cell response and possibly the differentiation potential.


2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Elfadl ◽  
Park ◽  
Ullah ◽  
Youn ◽  
Chung ◽  
...  

A black bear of 29-year-old (Ursus americanus) died unexpectedly in captivity without any gross lesions or clinical signs. We identified a firm, lobulated, yellowish tan, and well-circumscribed mass embedded inside the testicular tissue at the time of necropsy. The tumor sections exhibited soft necrotic and hemorrhagic areas beneath its capsule. Histologically, the tumor comprised Sertoli cells arranged in tubules and solid sheets supported by prominent fibrous connective tissues. The Sertoli cells were positive for vimentin and ER-β expression, whereas it showed negative staining for inhibin-α, cytokeratin 19, and S-100. To the best of our knowledge, this is the rare case report of testicular Sertoli cell tumor in black bear.


1960 ◽  
Vol XXXV (IV) ◽  
pp. 513-517
Author(s):  
W. P. Plate

ABSTRACT The hormone-producing mesenchymomas of the ovaries can be divided into androblastomas and gynaecoblastomas. The former are derived from »male« elements, and consist of Sertoli-cell tumours and Leydig-cell tumours. The latter arise from »female« elements and consist of granulosacell tumours and theca-cell tumours. Sertoli-cell tumours and granulosacell tumours produce oestrogens, while Leydig-cell tumours and theca-cell tumours produce oestrogens or androgens. Histologically, androblastomas and gynaecoblastomas are often difficult to distinguish. Since no »female« elements occur in a testicle, a granulosa-cell tumour in a testicle is improbable. Gynandroblastomas, therefore, can only be found in an ovary.


Reproduction ◽  
2000 ◽  
pp. 443-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Peters ◽  
DG de Rooij ◽  
KJ Teerds ◽  
I van Der Gaag ◽  
FJ van Sluijs

Spermatogenesis was examined in testes from 74 dogs of various breeds without clinically detected testicular disease. A modified Johnsen score system was used to determine whether spermatogenesis deteriorates with ageing. The diameter of seminiferous tubules was measured in dogs without testicular disease to examine other possible effects of ageing on tubular performance. There appeared to be no relation between age and these variables. The influence of testicular tumours on spermatogenesis was also investigated in both affected and unaffected testes. The testes of 28 dogs with clinically palpable tumours and 21 dogs with clinically non-palpable tumours were investigated. In cases of unilateral occurrence of a tumour, impairment of spermatogenesis was observed only in the affected testis of dogs with clinically detected tumours. Bilateral occurrence of tumours, whether detected clinically or non-clinically, was associated with severe impairment of spermatogenesis. The prevalence of tumours increased during ageing. Eighty-six per cent of the clinically detected and 57% of the non-clinically detected tumours were found in old dogs. Multiple types of tumour and bilateral occurrence were very common. Seminomas and Leydig cell tumours were more frequent than Sertoli cell tumours. It was concluded that spermatogenesis per se did not decrease during ageing in dogs but the occurrence of testicular tumours increased with ageing and affected spermatogenesis significantly, as reflected by a lower Johnsen score.


Author(s):  
Н.В. Белобородова ◽  
В.В. Мороз ◽  
А.Ю. Бедова

Интеграция метаболизма макроорганизма и его микробиоты, обеспечивающая в норме симбиоз и саногенез, нарушается при заболеваниях, травме, критическом состоянии, и вектор взаимодействия может изменяться в пользу прокариотов по принципу «метаболиты бактерий - против хозяина». Анализ литературы показал, что, с одной стороны, имеется живой интерес к ароматическим микробным метаболитам, с другой - отсутствует четкое представление об их роли в организме человека. Публикации, касающиеся ряда ароматических микробных метаболитов (фенилкарбоновых кислот, ФКК), как правило, не связаны между собой по тематике и направлены на решение тех или иных прикладных задач в разных областях биологии и медицины. Цель обзора - анализ информации о происхождении, биологических эффектах ФКК в экспериментах in vitro и in vivo , и клинических наблюдениях. Обобщая результаты приведенных в обзоре исследований на клеточном, субклеточном и молекулярном уровнях, логично предположить участие ароматических микробных метаболитов в патогенезе полиорганной недостаточности при сепсисе. Наиболее перспективным для раскрытия роли ароматических микробных метаболитов представляется изучение механизмов вторичной почечной недостаточности и септической энцефалопатии. Важным направлением для будущих исследований является изучение влияния продуктов микробной биодеградации ароматических соединений на развитие диссеминированного внутрисосудистого свертывания крови, артериальной гипотензии и септического шока. Результаты дальнейших исследований будут иметь не только фундаментальное значение, но и обогатят практическую медицину новыми диагностическими и лечебными технологиями. Significant increases in blood concentrations of some aromatic metabolites (phenylcarboxylic acids, PhCAs) in patients with sepsis have been previously shown. Enhanced bacterial biodegradation of aromatic compounds has been demonstrated to considerably contribute to this process. Integration of macroorganism metabolism and its microbiota, which provides normal symbiosis and sanogenesis, is disturbed in diseases, trauma, and critical conditions. Direction of this interaction may change in favor of prokaryotes according to the principle, “bacterial metabolites are against the host”. Analysis of literature showed a particular interest of many investigators to aromatic microbial metabolites. However, there is no clear understanding of their role in the human body. Publications on PhCAs are generally not thematically interrelated and usually focus on solving applied tasks in different fields of biology and medicine. The aim of this work was to consolidate existing information about origin and biological effects of PhCAs in in vitro / in vivo experiments and some clinical findings. The presented summary of reported data from studies performed at cellular, sub-cellular, and molecular levels suggests participation of aromatic microbial metabolites in the pathogenesis of multiple organ failure in sepsis. Studying mechanisms of secondary renal failure and septic encephalopathy is most promising for discovering the function of aromatic microbial metabolites. Effects of microbial biodegradation products of aromatic substances on development of disseminated intravascular coagulation, hypotension, and septic shock are an important challenge for future studies. Results of further investigations will be not only fundamental, but will also enrich medical practice with new diagnostic and therapeutic technologies.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document