PROGESTERONE SECRETION BY THE SHEEP CORPUS LUTEUM AFTER REPEATED INFUSIONS OF LUTEINIZING HORMONE AND HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN

1973 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. BAIRD ◽  
R. A. COLLETT
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Constant Infusion ◽  
Temporary Increase ◽  
Ovarian Artery ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Luteal Tissue

SUMMARY The response of the ovine corpus luteum to repeated infusions of luteinizing hormone (LH) or of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) was tested in four ewes with the left ovary autotransplanted to the neck. Constant infusion for 1 h of either LH (100 or 1000 μg/h) or HCG (200 i.u./h) via the ovarian artery stimulated a temporary increase in secretion of progesterone which fell to control levels by 60 min. Ovarian blood flow increased progressively (P < 0·05) throughout the infusion of gonadotrophin in three of the five experiments. A second infusion of either gonadotrophin after a further control hour failed to stimulate progesterone secretion. These results suggest that ovine luteal tissue rapidly becomes refractory to the steroidogenic effect of LH in vivo.

INHIBITION BY MELATONIN OF THE PITUITARY RESPONSE TO LUTEINIZING HORMONE RELEASING HORMONE IN VIVO

1978 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. YAMASHITA ◽  
M. MIENO ◽  
T. SHIMIZU ◽  
ER. YAMASHITA
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Lh Rh ◽  
Lh Secretion

The rate of secretion of 17-oxosteroids by the testes of anaesthetized dogs in vivo was used as an index of LH secretion. Intracarotid injection of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH, 1, 5 or 10 μg/kg body wt) resulted in an increase in the testicular 17-oxosteroid secretion which was roughly proportional to the dose administered and which reached a maximum 60 min after the injection. Testicular output of 17-oxosteroids was unaffected by administration of melatonin (10 or 100 μg/kg body wt) into the carotid artery. When LH-RH (5 μg/kg) was injected into the carotid artery 3 h after intracarotid injection of melatonin (10 or 100 μg/kg), the testicular response to LH-RH was considerably diminished. Pretreatment with melatonin (100 μg/kg) did not alter the testicular response to human chorionic gonadotrophin (20 i.u./kg body wt) given i.v. It is concluded that melatonin may act directly on the anterior pituitary gland in dogs to inhibit the LH-RH-induced release of LH.

IMMUNOREACTIVE LUTEINIZING HORMONE AND PROGESTERONE DURING PREGNANCY AND FOLLOWING GONADOTROPHIN ADMINISTRATION IN BEAGLE BITCHES

1973 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwyneth E. Jones ◽  
A. R. Boyns ◽  
E. T. Bell ◽  
D. W. Christie ◽  
M. F. Parkes
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Pregnant Animal ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Plasma Hormone

ABSTRACT Immunoreactive canine luteinizing hormone (IRCLH) and progesterone were measured in the plasma of Beagle bitches. Changes in plasma hormone concentrations during pregnancy were similar to those seen in the non-pregnant animal during metoestrus. Administration of pregnant mares' serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) to anoestrous bitches induced oestrus. However, the duration of progesterone secretion was shorter than that seen in pregnant bitches. Treatment appeared to stimulate the secretion of IRCLH and in some animals plasma levels reached a maximum some weeks after the end of oestrus.

THE FORMATION OF OESTROGENS BY THE AUTOTRANSPLANTED OVARY OF THE EWE PERFUSED IN VIVO WITH C19 STEROIDS

1970 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Rado ◽  
John A. McCracken ◽  
David T. Baird
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
The Other ◽  
Temporary Increase ◽  
Main Route ◽  
Ovarian Artery ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
Control Samples

ABSTRACT The autotransplanted ovary of the ewe was perfused in vivo via the ovarian artery with either 14C or 3H labelled C19 steroids. 17β-Oestradiol was the major phenolic steroid isolated in ovarian venous blood from either testosterone or androstenedione. Smaller amounts of oestrone were obtained but there was no 17α-oestradiol, oestriol nor conjugated oestrogens isolated. The yield of oestrogen was approximately ten fold greater from androstenedione than from testosterone suggesting that the main route of oestrogen biosynthesis in the ovine ovary is via the former steroid. The effect of infusing luteinizing hormone (LH) at the rate of 10 μg per hour on the conversion of androstenedione to 17β-oestradiol was measured in 5 experiments. In 2 experiments, when the steady state was not achieved, the increasing rate of conversion was halted. On the other hand LH resulted in a temporary increase followed by a decrease in the rate of conversion in the remaining 3 experiments in which there was a constant rate of conversion in the control samples. These results are compatible with the concept that LH stimulates the aromatisation of androstenedione to oestrogens by the ovary in vivo.

103 Effects of administration of human chorionic gonadotrophin at Day 5 post-ovulation on development of the original corpus luteum depend on the locational relationship between the original and accessory corpora lutea

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
K. Hazano ◽  
S. Haneda ◽  
M. Matsui
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Intrauterine Environment ◽  
Prostaglandin F2a ◽  
Tissue Area ◽  
Luteal Tissue ◽  
Relationship Of

In cattle, human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) is administered at Day 5 post-ovulation to improve fertility. This treatment can induce ovulation of the first-wave dominant follicle (W1DF), from which an accessory corpus luteum (CL) is generated. In addition, hCG has the effect of promoting CL development. It is possible that the locational relationship between the original and accessary CLs influences the effect of hCG on CL development, because the locational relationship of the CLs affects intraovarian blood flow. The present study aimed to clarify whether the locational relationship between the original and accessory CLs influences the effect of hCG on their development. Cross-bred beef heifers (Holstein×Japanese Black, n=56) were used for the present study. The oestrus cycle was synchronized using oestradiol benzoate (EB) and a controlled internal drug release (CIDR)-based program. Briefly, an administration of EB (2mg) with 9-day CIDR insertion was followed by administration of prostaglandin F2a analogue (PGF2a) on the day of CIDR removal, EB (1mg) 1 day after a PGF2a injection, and GnRH 12h after the second EB injection. At Day 5 post-ovulation, the locational relationship between the original CL and the W1DF was confirmed using transrectal ultrasonography (USG), and two groups were defined: ipsilateral group (IG; n=30), in which the CL and the W1DF are in the same ovary, and contralateral group (CG; n=26), in which the CL and the W1DF are in separate ovaries. Moreover, IG and CG were respectively subdivided into two groups, with or without hCG (1500IU) treatment (IG/hCG, n=15; IG without hCG, n=15, and CG/hCG, n=14; CG without hCG, n=12). The diameter and luteal tissue area (i.e. minus the cavity area) of the original CL and the accessory CL were examined at Days 5, 7, and 14, using USG. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA was used to compare the diameter and luteal tissue area between IG/hCG and IG without hCG, and between CG/hCG and CG without hCG. In CG, the diameter (P&lt;0.01) and luteal tissue area of the original CL (P&lt;0.001) at Day 7 was increased by receiving hCG, while it did not change in IG. The diameter and luteal tissue area of the original CL at Day 14 were not affected by the administration of hCG in either CG or IG. Moreover, for the accessory CL, no difference of the diameter and luteal tissue area was observed between CG and IG. The present study showed that hCG treatment at Day 5 post-ovulation stimulate the growth of the original CL at Day 7, when the original CL and accessory CL are on contralateral sides. Our results suggest that the effect of administration of the hCG at Day 5 post-ovulation on the original CL development depends on the locational relationship between the original and accessory CL (IG or CG). The function of the CL affects the intrauterine environment for embryonic development. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the effect of the hCG injection at Day 5 on the function of CL (i.e. plasma P4 concentration) in IG and CG, respectively.

FORMATION OF STEROID HORMONES IN VITRO BY DEVELOPING CORPORA LUTEA OF THE RABBIT

1977 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
AKIRA SUZUKI ◽  
TAKAHIDE MORI ◽  
TOSHIO NISHIMURA
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Temporary Increase ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Sharp Rise ◽  
17 Hydroxyprogesterone ◽  
Qualitative Changes

Rabbits were injected with human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), and slices of developing corpora lutea taken from the ovaries 15, 18, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after injection were incubated with [1-14C]sodium acetate at 37 °C for 3 h. The incorporation of labelled acetate into ten steroids, including progestagens, androgens and oestrogens, was analysed. In the initial step of corpus luteal formation, the specific incorporation (incorporation of [1-14C]acetate/100 mg tissue) increased sharply. The major steroidal products were progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone and 20α-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one. Between 18 and 48 h, the increase in specific incorporation was more gradual than in the initial step. Although the pattern was also dominated by progestagens, a temporary increase in the incorporation of acetate into androgens and oestrogens was observed. In the final step, a sharp rise in the total incorporation (incorporation of [1-14C]acetate/corpus luteum) was found, whereas the specific incorporation increased only slightly. The principal steroids produced were progesterone, pregnenolone and 20α-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one. Incorporation into C19 steroids declined markedly and that into C18 steroids could not be detected. This profile of steroidogenesis 96 h after injection of HCG was similar to that of the corpus luteum in pregnancy. Thus marked quantitative and qualitative changes have been demonstrated during the period of formation of corpora lutea in the rabbit.

scholarly journals The effect of human chorionic gonadotrophin on the expression of progesterone receptors in human luteal cells in vivo and in vitro

Reproduction ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Colin Duncan ◽  
Eva Gay ◽  
Jacqueline A Maybin
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Late Luteal Phase ◽  
Lutein Cell

The human corpus luteum expresses genomic progesterone receptors (PRs) suggesting that progesterone may have an autocrine or paracrine role in luteal function. We hypothesised that the reduction in luteal PR reported in the late-luteal phase augmented progesterone withdrawal and had a role in luteolysis. We therefore tested the hypothesis that luteal rescue with human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) would maintain PR expression. PR was immunolocalised to different cell types in human corpora lutea (n = 35) from different stages of the luteal phase and after luteal rescue with exogenous hCG. There was no change in the staining intensity of theca-lutein cell or stromal cell PR throughout the luteal phase or after luteal rescue. In the late-luteal phase, granulosa-lutein cell PR immunostaining was reduced (P < 0.05) but the trend to reduction was also seen after luteal rescue with hCG (P = 0.055). To further investigate the effect of hCG on granulosa-lutein cell PR expression, an in vitro model system of cultured human luteinised granulosa cells was studied. Cells were cultured for 12–13 days exposed to different patterns of hCG and aminoglutethamide to manipulate progesterone secretion (P < 0.0001). Expression of PR A/B and PR B isoforms was examined by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. PR A/B mRNA was lower (P < 0.05) after 11–13 days of culture than after 7 days of culture. This reduction could not be prevented by hCG in the presence (P < 0.05) or absence (P < 0.05) of stimulated progesterone secretion. The expression of PR B mRNA showed a similar pattern (P = 0.054). Simulated early pregnancy in vivo and hCG treatment of luteinised granulosa cells in vitro did not appear to prevent the down-regulation of PR seen during luteolysis.

IMMUNOLOGICAL CROSS REACTION BETWEEN HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN AND HUMAN PITUITARY GONADOTROPHINS

1966 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 420-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Robyn ◽  
P. O. Hubinont ◽  
E. Diczfalusy
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Specific Antisera ◽  
Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin ◽  
Immunological Cross Reaction

ABSTRACT Immunologically mono-specific antisera prepared against human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) preparations completely neutralized in vitro as well as in vivo the luteinizing hormone (LH) and also the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) activity of both human hypophyseal gonadotrophin (HHG) and human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) preparations.

LH- and chorionic gonadotrophin-stimulated progesterone release in vitro by intact luteal tissue of the marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus)

1994 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Einspanier ◽  
J K Hodges
Keyword(s):  
Marked Effect ◽  
Ringer Solution ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Marmoset Monkey ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Luteal Tissue ◽  
Repeated Applications ◽  
Baseline Levels

Abstract The application of an in vitro microdialysis system (MDS) for studies on the gonadotrophic control of luteal progesterone secretion in the marmoset monkey is described. Luteal tissue collected from a total of six animals (9 ± 1 days after ovulation) was perfused with Ringer solution (without and with lipoprotein, 0·6 μg/ml). The tissue was exposed to repeated applications of human LH (hLH) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) (1, 10 and 100 IU/ml) each of 60 min duration. Perfusate was collected in 15-min fractions and assayed for progesterone content. Results showed that addition of lipoproteins to the Ringer solution had a marked effect on progesterone secretion in terms of maintaining stable baseline levels and improving reproducibility of gonadotrophin-induced responses. Progesterone secretion was significantly stimulated by both gonadotrophins at each dose tested. Maximal elevations were obtained with 10 IU/ml and there were no apparent differences in responses to hLH and hCG in terms of either magnitude or duration. This study indicates that MDS provides a useful in vitro approach for studying the gonadotrophic control of the corpus luteum in non-human primates. The results did not demonstrate disparate actions of hLH and hCG in their ability to stimulate luteal progesterone secretion. Journal of Endocrinology (1994) 141, 403–409

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