CIRCADIAN VARIATIONS IN CORTISOL CONCENTRATIONS IN THE PLASMA OF FEMALE RHESUS MONKEYS

1978 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. LESHNER ◽  
P. T. K. TOIVOLA ◽  
E. TERASAWA
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkey ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Regional Primate Research ◽  
Primate Research ◽  
Circadian Variations ◽  
Indwelling Catheter ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Female Rhesus ◽  
The Right

Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, U.S.A. (Received 25 January 1978) Diurnal variations in the adrenal secretion of glucocorticoids have been described in a wide range of species. Among primates, most attention has been devoted to man (e.g. Krieger, 1970; Rose, Kreuz, Holaday, Sulak & Johnson, 1972), although the secretion of cortisol in the male rhesus monkey has also been examined (e.g. Michael, Setchell & Plant, 1974; Holaday, Meyerhoff & Natelson, 1977). We present here a report of circadian variations in the concentration of cortisol in the plasma throughout the menstrual cycle of the female rhesus monkey. Three intact female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were adapted to chronic restraint in primate chairs for several months. After confirmation of normal menstrual cycles, a chronic indwelling catheter (Silastic Medical Grade Tubing, 20-gauge, Dow Corning) was inserted. The catheter was placed into the right atrium via the internal

EFFECT OF CORTICOTROPHIN ON CORTISOL SECRETION IN CASTRATED RHESUS MONKEYS

1978 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-248
Author(s):  
C. F. FARVER ◽  
D. DE WIED ◽  
P. T. K. TOIVOLA
Keyword(s):  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Physical Restraint ◽  
Regional Primate Research ◽  
Primate Research ◽  
Cortisol Secretion ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Experimental Subjects

Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, U.S.A. (Received 22 May 1978) In a wide variety of species corticotrophin (ACTH) is known to stimulate the synthesis and secretion of adrenocortical steroids. Studies with rhesus monkeys have shown that these responses can be affected by a number of factors including the method of handling and the type of physical restraint (Mason, 1959). In addition, androgens may depress plasma levels of glucocorticoids in primates (Brown & Migeon, 1956; Huis in't Veld, Louwerens & van den Spek, 1960). It was therefore decided to study the response of plasma cortisol to ACTH without these neural or hormonal influences. This report describes the effects of ACTH on castrated rhesus monkeys adapted to chronic restraint. Four chair-restrained, orchidectomized rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) bearing chronic indwelling venous catheters were used as experimental subjects and were housed, maintained and subjected to blood sampling as

scholarly journals Lung function and blood gas characteristics in the rhesus monkey

1972 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Binns ◽  
G. C. Clark ◽  
C. R. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Rhesus Monkey ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
Lung Mechanics ◽  
Normal Lung ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Rhesus

Detailed information has been obtained on the normal lung mechanics, lung ventilation and blood gases and pH in unanaesthetized, restrained male and female rhesus monkeys. This information is compared with the limited amount of data previously available on lung function in the rhesus monkey, and with the pulmonary characteristics of the baboon and cynomolgus monkey.

scholarly journals Acute Influences of Bisphenol A Exposure on Hypothalamic Release of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone and Kisspeptin in Female Rhesus Monkeys

Endocrinology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 156 (7) ◽  
pp. 2563-2570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph R. Kurian ◽  
Kim L. Keen ◽  
Brian P. Kenealy ◽  
James P. Garcia ◽  
Curtis J. Hedman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Epidemiologic Evidence ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Female Rhesus ◽  
Human Reproductive ◽  
High Level

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial compound with pervasive distribution in the environments of industrialized countries. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control recently found that greater than 90% of Americans carry detectable levels of BPA, raising concern over the direct influences of this compound on human physiology. Epidemiologic evidence links elevated BPA serum concentrations to human reproductive dysfunction, although controlled studies on the acute effect of BPA exposure on reproductive function are limited, particularly in primates. We evaluated the effect of direct BPA exposure on female primate hypothalamic peptide release. Specifically, using a microdialysis method, we examined the effects of BPA (0.1, 1, and 10nM) directly infused to the stalk-median eminence on the release of GnRH and kisspeptin (KP) in mid to late pubertal ovarian intact female rhesus monkeys. We found that the highest level of BPA exposure (10nM) suppressed both GnRH and KP release, whereas BPA at lower concentrations (0.1 and 1nM) had no apparent effects. In addition, we measured BPA in plasma and hypothalamic dialysates after an iv bolus injection of BPA (100 μg/kg). We found a relatively stable distribution of BPA between the blood and brain (plasma:brain ≅ 5:1) persists across a wide range of blood BPA concentrations (1–620 ng/mL). Findings of this study suggest that persistent, high-level exposures to BPA could impair female reproductive function by directly influencing hypothalamic neuroendocrine function.

scholarly journals Body Weight Impact on Puberty: Effects of High-Calorie Diet on Puberty Onset in Female Rhesus Monkeys

Endocrinology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (4) ◽  
pp. 1696-1705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ei Terasawa ◽  
Joseph R. Kurian ◽  
Kim L. Keen ◽  
Nicholas A. Shiel ◽  
Ricki J. Colman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Primate Research ◽  
Genetic Traits ◽  
Female Rhesus ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
Puberty Onset ◽  
High Calorie Diet ◽  
High Calorie

Secular trends toward a declining age at puberty onset with correlated changes in body weight have been reported in economically advanced countries. This has been attributed to excess calorie intake along with reduced physical activity in children. However, because the timing of puberty in humans is also influenced by other factors, such as genetic traits, living conditions, geographical location, and environmental chemicals, it is difficult to distinguish the effect of diet and body size from other factors in a human population. Here we report that feeding juvenile female rhesus monkeys born and raised at the Wisconsin National Primate Research Center with a high-calorie diet results in acceleration of body growth and precocious menarche. The monkeys fed a high-calorie diet also had an elevated body mass index. The most significant treatment effects on circulating hormones were increased leptin and IGF-I levels throughout the experiment. The findings of this study suggest the importance of close monitoring of juvenile feeding behaviors as an important intervention to reduce the prevalence of precocious development and metabolic diseases in adulthood.

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