False memory in normal ageing: empirical data from the DRM paradigm and theoretical perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
Kouloud Abichou ◽  
Valentina La Corte ◽  
Serge Nicolas ◽  
Pascale Piolino
2021 ◽  
pp. 174702182110564
Author(s):  
Jacob Namias ◽  
Mark Huff ◽  
Allison Smith ◽  
Nicholas Maxwell

We examined the effects of drawing on correct and false recognition within the Deese/Roediger-McDermott (DRM) false memory paradigm. In Experiment 1, we compared drawing of a word’s referent using either a standard black pencil or colored pencils relative to a read-only control group. Relative to reading, drawing in either black or colored pencil similarly boosted correct recognition and reduced false recognition. Signal-detection analyses indicated that drawing reduced the amount of encoded memory information for critical lures and increased monitoring, indicating that both processes contributed to the false recognition reduction. Experiment 2 compared drawing of individual images of DRM list items relative to drawing integrated images using sets of DRM list items. False recognition was lower for drawing of individual images relative to integrated images—a pattern that reflected a decrease in encoded memory information but not monitoring. Therefore, drawing individual images improves memory accuracy in the DRM paradigm relative to a standard read-control task and an integrated drawing task, which we argue is due to the recruitment of item-specific processing.


Author(s):  
Lis Højgaard ◽  
Malou Juelskjær ◽  
Dorte Marie Søndergaard

The article explores Karen Barad’s theoretical framework, agential realism, to seek out theoretical perspectives that can be used as analytical approaches to empirical data. By selecting two pieces of data we aim to illustrate the analytical possibilities offered by this approach. The first piece of data stipulates an opening of ‘WHAT OF’ of the activities in a world of computer games: WHAT OF the myriad of real and virtual voices, sentiments and actions and their interconnections and meaning for gendered subjectification? The second piece is guided by ‘WHAT IF’ thinking: WHAT would we be able to see IF we brought insights from quantum physics, i.e. spacetimemattering, to the conception of thinking subjects. The examples show that agential realism offers a theoretical framework that allows access to a much wider set of enacting forces to be considered in the analysis. By reading agential realism diffractively with two different empirical examples and two different research ambitions, our attention is drawn to specificities of what the engagements may enact consequently.


2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-210
Author(s):  
Melissa E Meade ◽  
Michael D Klein ◽  
Myra A Fernandes

Drawing, as an encoding strategy for to-be-remembered words, has previously been shown to provide robust memory benefits. In the current study, we investigated the effect of drawing on false memory endorsements during a recognition test. We found that while drawing led to higher hit rates relative to writing (Experiment 1) and creating visual mental imagery (Experiment 2), it also led to higher false alarm (FA) rates to critical lures in a variant of the Deese–Roediger–McDermott (DRM) paradigm. When compared with an encoding strategy requiring listing of object features (Experiment 3), drawing led to a lower FA rate. We suggest that drawing enhances memory by promoting recollection of rich visual contextual information during retrieval, and this leads to the unintended side effect of increasing FA rates to related information.


2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 1596-1606
Author(s):  
Wei-Wei ZHANG ◽  
Fei GAO ◽  
Jun JIANG ◽  
Ji-Yuan ZHANG ◽  
Qing-Lin ZHANG

Author(s):  
Xiumin Du ◽  
Can Cui ◽  
Zhaohui Hu ◽  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Yaowu Song
Keyword(s):  

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Juul Jensen ◽  
Lise Stenbæk ◽  
Helle Bundgaard

Dansk Artiklen beskriver et udviklingsprojekt fra Institut for Antropologi på Københavns Universitet. Her har studerende i partnerskab med studieleder, underviser og konsulenter samskabt et socialtkonstruktivistisk funderet digitalt læringsrum til brug på feltarbejde. De studerende på feltarbejde er udfordret af, at de ikke er fysisk tilstede på universitetet i et semester på deres kandidat studie, fordi de er i felten og indsamle empirisk data. Den manglende fysiske tilstedeværelse påvirker nærheden til studiet og konsekvensen er, at de studerende oplever ensomhed såvel som et mindre akademisk fokus. Artiklen er rammesat med Conoles 7C læringsdesign og benytter sig af Salmons 5-trins model for opbygning af den digitale undervisning. Formålet med skabelsen af et digitalt læringsrum til er etablere et socialt-fagligt læringsrum som minimerer fornemmelsen af fysisk fravær. Artiklen dækker både, partnerskabsbegrebet som afsæt for undervisningsudvikling, læringsdesign samt opbygning af et digitialt læringsrum og belyser dermed de studerendes mulighed for læring, kommunikation og samarbejde digitialt i løbet af feltarbejdet. Studenterevalueringer og skriftligt kommunikation mellem de studerende fra det digitiale læringsrum vises eksemplificerende. De teoretiske perspektiver og de empiriske eksempler gør det muligt at konkludere, at det samskabte digitale læringsrummulighed for feedback understøtter de studerende både socialt og akademisk gennem deres feltarbejde. English The article describes a development project from the Department of Anthropology at the University of Copenhagen where students together with the study board, teachers and consultants co-create a digital learning course based on social constructivism thoughts for fieldwork. The fieldwork students are challenged by the fact that they are not physical present at the University for one semester of their master education because they have to generate empirical data in the field. The physical absence complicates the closeness to the department and the consequences have so far been that the students experience loneliness as well as less academic focus during their fieldwork. The article is framed within Conoles 7C learning design model and uses Salmon’s 5-step model for structuring the digital teaching. The purpose of creating a digital learning course is to establish a social and academic learning environment which minimize the felling of physical absence among the students. The article covers both the partnership term for teaching development, the learning design, as well as the creation of a digital learning platform and highlights thereby the student’s possible learning, communication and corporation in a digital environment during fieldwork. Student evaluations as well as online written communication among students from the digital platform are used for exemplification. The theoretical perspectives and the empirical data enable a conclusion which frames that the integrated options for feedback in the co-created digital learning platform support the students in both social and academic ways during their field work.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Soledad Beato ◽  
Jason Arndt

We report an experiment examining the factors that produce false recognition in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm. We selectively manipulated the probability that critical lures produce study items in free association, known as forward associative strength (FAS), while controlling the probability that study items produce critical lures in free association, known as backward associative strength (BAS). Results showed that false recognition of critical lures failed to differ between strong and weak FAS conditions. Follow-up correlational analyses further supported this outcome, showing that FAS was not correlated with false recognition, despite substantial variability in both variables across our stimulus sets. However, these correlational analyses did produce a significant and strong relationship between BAS and false recognition. These results support views that propose false memory is produced by activation spreading from study items to critical lures during encoding, which leads critical lures to be confused with episodically-experienced events.


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