scholarly journals On feature-based vocabulary selection mechanisms in late insertion: third person number agreement in the French future tense

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodica Frimu ◽  
Laurent Dekydtspotter
Keyword(s):  
Native Speaker ◽  
Conceptual Structure ◽  
Future Tense ◽  
Conceptual Processing ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Feature Structure ◽  
Information Scale ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Selection Mechanisms

We propose that feature bundles derived in syntactic computations activate congruent vocabulary entries inducing feature-based conceptual-structure processes in retrieval. Thus, for the French future tense, an inflectional node baring Number: Plural activates the forms mangera (EAT-FUT.3PS.SG) and mangeront (EAT-FUT.3PS.PL), which compete for insertion following the Subset Principle of Distributed Morphology. Indeed, the affix -a (3PS.SG) encodes Number with no further specification (notated Number: Ø), whereas -ont (3PS.PL) encodes Number: Plural, where Number: Ø is a subset of Number: Plural. This feature structure defines an information scale where plural-marked -ont is stronger. On this scale, informationally weaker -a (3PS.SG) is interpreted as [-Plural] in contrast with -ont via a scalar inference, becoming unsuitable for insertion. Thus, -ont (3PS.PL) is selected when -a (3PS.SG) is eliminated. We present evidence of conceptual-structure processing linked to underspecified morphology. In forced-pace reading and listening tasks, 19 native speaker subjects per task classified picture probes accompanying matching and mismatching subject-verb future tense agreement. Classification times for pictures semantically linked to the verb probed for an interaction between the processing of agreement morphology and the ongoing conceptual processing of the sentence. Classification times were modulated by the type of morphological mismatch. Singular verb form mangera (EAT-FUT.3PS.SG) slowed down picture classifications in plural contexts, whereas plural verb form mangeront (EAT-FUT.3PS.PL) in singular contexts did not. This interaction between purely formal agreement and conceptual-structure processing is unexplained by interface relations, frequency, information load, and phonological cohort activation. It suggests that domain-general principles of inference enrich domain-specific feature-based computations.

A Typed Feature-based Grammar of Danish

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-62
Author(s):  
Nancy L. Underwood
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
Phrase Structure ◽  
Inflectional Morphology ◽  
Feature Structure ◽  
Formal Framework ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Predicate Argument Structure

This paper presents an overview of the first broad coverage grammatical description of Danish in a Typed Feature Structure (TFS) based unification formalism inspired by HPSG. These linguistic specifications encompass phenomena within inflectional morphology, phrase structure and predicate argument structure, and have been developed with a view to implementation. The emphasis on implementability and re-usability of the specifications has led to the adoption of a rather leaner formal framework than that underlying HPSG. However, the paper shows that the adoption of such a framework does not lead to a loss of expressibility, but in fact enables certain phenomena, such as the interface between morphology and syntax and local discontinuities, to be treated in a simple and elegant fashion.

Feature Matching-based Approaches to Improve the Robustness of Android Visual GUI Testing

2022 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Luca Ardito ◽  
Andrea Bottino ◽  
Riccardo Coppola ◽  
Fabrizio Lamberti ◽  
Francesco Manigrasso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Feature Matching ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Design Of Algorithms ◽  
Computational Burden ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Gui Testing ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Full Screen ◽  
Feature Based

In automated Visual GUI Testing (VGT) for Android devices, the available tools often suffer from low robustness to mobile fragmentation, leading to incorrect results when running the same tests on different devices. To soften these issues, we evaluate two feature matching-based approaches for widget detection in VGT scripts, which use, respectively, the complete full-screen snapshot of the application ( Fullscreen ) and the cropped images of its widgets ( Cropped ) as visual locators to match on emulated devices. Our analysis includes validating the portability of different feature-based visual locators over various apps and devices and evaluating their robustness in terms of cross-device portability and correctly executed interactions. We assessed our results through a comparison with two state-of-the-art tools, EyeAutomate and Sikuli. Despite a limited increase in the computational burden, our Fullscreen approach outperformed state-of-the-art tools in terms of correctly identified locators across a wide range of devices and led to a 30% increase in passing tests. Our work shows that VGT tools’ dependability can be improved by bridging the testing and computer vision communities. This connection enables the design of algorithms targeted to domain-specific needs and thus inherently more usable and robust.

Application of Sentiment Analysis in Movie reviews

2019 ◽  
pp. 77-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
ThippaReddy Gadekallu ◽  
Akshat Soni ◽  
Deeptanu Sarkar ◽  
Lakshmanna Kuruva
Keyword(s):  
Sentiment Analysis ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Opinion Mining ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
The People ◽  
Textual Data ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
The Web

Sentiment analysis is a sub-domain of opinion mining where the analysis is focused on the extraction of emotions and opinions of the people towards a particular topic from a structured, semi-structured, or unstructured textual data. In this chapter, the authors try to focus the task of sentiment analysis on IMDB movie review database. This chapter presents the experimental work on a new kind of domain-specific feature-based heuristic for aspect-level sentiment analysis of movie reviews. The authors have devised an aspect-oriented scheme that analyzes the textual reviews of a movie and assign it a sentiment label on each aspect. Finally, the authors conclude that incorporating syntactical information in the models is vital to the sentiment analysis process. The authors also conclude that the proposed approach to sentiment classification supplements the existing rating movie rating systems used across the web and will serve as base to future researches in this domain.

Research on feature-based opinion mining using topic maps

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lixin Xia ◽  
Zhongyi Wang ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Shanshan Zhai
Keyword(s):  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Opinion Mining ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Topic Maps ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Product Features ◽  
Domain Specific Knowledge ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Integrate Domain

Purpose Opinion mining (OM), also known as “sentiment classification”, which aims to discover common patterns of user opinions from their textual statements automatically or semi-automatically, is not only useful for customers, but also for manufacturers. However, because of the complexity of natural language, there are still some problems, such as domain dependence of sentiment words, extraction of implicit features and others. The purpose of this paper is to propose an OM method based on topic maps to solve these problems. Design/methodology/approach Domain-specific knowledge is key to solve problems in feature-based OM. On the one hand, topic maps, as an ontology framework, are composed of topics, associations, occurrences and scopes, and can represent a class of knowledge representation schemes. On the other hand, compared with ontology, topic maps have many advantages. Thus, it is better to integrate domain-specific knowledge into OM based on topic maps. This method can make full use of the semantic relationships among feature words and sentiment words. Findings In feature-level OM, most of the existing research associate product features and opinions by their explicit co-occurrence, or use syntax parsing to judge the modification relationship between opinion words and product features within a review unit. They are mostly based on the structure of language units without considering domain knowledge. Only few methods based on ontology incorporate domain knowledge into feature-based OM, but they only use the “is-a” relation between concepts. Therefore, this paper proposes feature-based OM using topic maps. The experimental results revealed that this method can improve the accuracy of the OM. The findings of this study not only advance the state of OM research but also shed light on future research directions. Research limitations/implications To demonstrate the “feature-based OM using topic maps” applications, this work implements a prototype that helps users to find their new washing machines. Originality/value This paper presents a new method of feature-based OM using topic maps, which can integrate domain-specific knowledge into feature-based OM effectively. This method can improve the accuracy of the OM greatly. The proposed method can be applied across various application domains, such as e-commerce and e-government.

CONTACT, CONTEXT, AND COLLOCATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen M. Kennedy Terry
Keyword(s):  
Study Abroad ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Phonological Variation ◽  
Learning Context ◽  
Variation Patterns ◽  
Speech Data ◽  
Third Person ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Network Strength

This study uses a mixed-effects model to examine the acquisition of targetlike patterns of phonological variation by 17 English-speaking learners of French during study abroad in France. Naturalistic speech data provide evidence for the incipient acquisition of a phonological variable showing sociostylistic variation in native speaker speech: the elision of /l/ in third-person subject clitic pronouns (il vient [il vjɛ̃] ∼ [i vjɛ̃] “he is coming”). Speech data are compared and correlated with the results of a social network strength scale designed for the study abroad learning context. Results demonstrate that phonological variation patterns are acquired in a predictable order based on token type and collocation and that social networks with native speakers are statistically significant predictors of phonological variation patterns.

Dissociating oculomotor contributions to spatial and feature-based selection

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (7) ◽  
pp. 1525-1534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donatas Jonikaitis ◽  
Jan Theeuwes
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Target Location ◽  
Target Selection ◽  
Visual Selection ◽  
Saccade Target ◽  
Perceptual Discrimination ◽  
Spatial Selection ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Selection Mechanisms ◽  
Saccade Preparation

Saccades not only deliver the high-resolution retinal image requisite for visual perception, but processing stages associated with saccade target selection affect visual perception even before the eye movement starts. These presaccadic effects are thought to arise from two visual selection mechanisms: spatial selection that enhances processing of the saccade target location and feature-based selection that enhances processing of the saccade target features. By measuring oculomotor performance and perceptual discrimination, we determined which selection mechanisms are associated with saccade preparation. We observed both feature-based and space-based selection during saccade preparation but found that feature-based selection was neither related to saccade initiation nor was it affected by simultaneously observed redistribution of spatial selection. We conclude that oculomotor selection biases visual selection only in a spatial, feature-unspecific manner.

The shape of things to come in speech production: Visual form interference during lexical access

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 1921-1938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greig I de Zubicaray ◽  
Mia McLean ◽  
Frank Oppermann ◽  
Aidan Hegarty ◽  
Katie McMahon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Lexical Access ◽  
Response Selection ◽  
Lexical Selection ◽  
Semantic Interference ◽  
Visual Form ◽  
Conceptual Processing ◽  
Production Models ◽  
To Come ◽  
Selection Mechanisms

Naming a picture is slower in categorically related compared with unrelated contexts, an effect termed semantic interference. This effect has informed the development of all contemporary models of lexical access in speech production. However, category members typically share visual features, so semantic interference might in part reflect this confound. Surprisingly, little work has addressed this issue, and the relative absence of evidence for visual form interference has been proposed to be problematic for production models implementing competitive lexical selection mechanisms. In a series of five experiments using two different naming paradigms, we demonstrate a reliable visual form interference effect in the absence of a category relation and show the effect is more likely to originate during lexical or later response selection than during perceptual/conceptual processing. We conclude visual form interference in naming is a significant complicating factor for studies of semantic interference effects and discuss the implications for current accounts of lexical access in spoken word production.

The future tense in Spanish L2 textbooks

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Orozco ◽  
Joshua J. Thoms
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Communicative Language Teaching ◽  
College Level ◽  
Formal Representation ◽  
Future Tense ◽  
Formal Treatment ◽  
Dramatic Difference ◽  
Frequent Variant

This paper revisits the treatment of the expression of futurity in Spanish foreign language (FL) textbooks. We analyzed twenty college-level Spanish FL textbooks to determine and quantify how futurity is represented. Variationist research has shown the periphrastic future (PF) to be the most frequent variant of futurity followed by the simple present (SP) and the morphological future (MF). Our findings reveal that, despite over two decades of communicative language teaching, Spanish FL textbooks still do not completely present the reality of the expression of futurity. Introductory texts present all three variants of futurity. However, there is a dramatic difference in the formal representation of these three variants in intermediate texts. The PF is formally presented in only four of the ten intermediate texts analyzed. Interestingly, all ten intermediate textbooks include a formal section on the MF. From a formal treatment perspective and unlike native speaker usage, the MF continues to be the futurity variant most often presented to learners, followed by the PF, and the SP, respectively.

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