45 years of steel casting using slide gate systems in Russia

KUBOTA ALLOY HD

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ss1110 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 60 (12) ◽

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Tensile Properties ◽

Steel Casting ◽

Casting Alloy

Abstract Kubota Alloy HD (UNS J93005) is a heat-resisting stainless steel casting alloy suitable for long-term service at temperatures up to 1095 deg C (2000 deg F). The nearest wrought equivalent is type 327. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as casting and joining. Filing Code: SS-1110. Producer or source: Kubota Metal Corporation, Fahramet Division.

Download Full-text

KUBOTA HH II

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ss0980 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 55 (11) ◽

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

High Temperature ◽

Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Tensile Properties ◽

Steel Casting ◽

Heat Resistant ◽

Temperature Performance

Abstract Kubota alloy HH II is a heat-resistant fully austenitic stainless steel casting for multiple furnace parts. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance as well as casting and joining. Filing Code: SS-980. Producer or source: Kubota Metal Corporation, Fahramet Division.

Download Full-text

KUBOTA ALLOY HC

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ss1065 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 59 (5) ◽

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Tensile Properties ◽

Steel Casting

Abstract Kubota Alloy HC is a heat resisting stainless steel casting suitable for long term service at temperatures up to 1093 deg C (2000 deg F). This alloy can maintain resistance to sulfur bearing environments up to 1093 deg C (2000 deg F). This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as casting and joining. Filing Code: SS-1065. Producer or source: Kubota Metal Corporation, Fahramet Division.

Download Full-text

ACI TYPE HN

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ss0410 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 31 (6) ◽

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Corrosion Resistance ◽

High Temperature ◽

Steel Casting ◽

Nickel Content ◽

Heat Treating ◽

High Temperature Corrosion ◽

Temperature Performance ◽

Wide Range ◽

Iron Chromium

Abstract Type HN is an iron-chromium-nickel alloy containing sufficient chromium for good high-temperature corrosion resistance and with nickel content in excess of the chromium. This alloy has properties somewhat similar to the more widely used ACI Type HT alloy but with better ductility. Type HN is used for highly stressed components in the 1800-2000 F temperature range. It is used in the aircraft, automotive, petroleum, petrochemical and power industries for a wide range of components and parts. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as casting, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-410. Producer or source: Various stainless steel casting companies.

Download Full-text

Health risk assessment of occupational exposure to heavy metals in a steel casting unit of a steelmaking plant using Monte–Carlo simulation technique

Toxicology and Industrial Health ◽

10.1177/07482337211019593 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 074823372110195

Author(s):

Fatemeh Dehghani ◽

Fariborz Omidi ◽

Reza Ali Fallahzadeh ◽

Bahman Pourhassan

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Occupational Exposure ◽

Environmental Protection Agency ◽

Steel Casting ◽

Occupational Safety ◽

The United States ◽

Control Measures ◽

Monte Carlo Simulation Technique ◽

Safety And Health ◽

Casting Unit

The present work aimed to evaluate the health risks of occupational exposure to heavy metals in a steel casting unit of a steel plant. To determine occupational exposure to heavy metals, personal air samples were taken from the workers’ breathing zones using the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health method. Noncancer and cancer risks due to the measured metals were calculated according to the United States Environmental Protection Agency procedures. The results indicated that the noncancer risks owing to occupational exposure to lead (Pb) and manganese were higher than the recommended value in most of the workstations. The estimated cancer risk of Pb was also higher than the allowable value. Moreover, the results of sensitivity analysis indicated that the concentration, inhalation rate, and exposure duration were the most influencing variables contributing to the calculated risks. It was thus concluded that the present control measures were not adequate and further improvements were required for reducing the exposure levels.

Download Full-text

Comparison of Optimization-Regulation Algorithms for Secondary Cooling in Continuous Steel Casting

Metals ◽

10.3390/met11020237 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 237

Author(s):

Michal Brezina ◽

Tomas Mauder ◽

Lubomir Klimes ◽

Josef Stetina

Keyword(s):

Convergence Rate ◽

Water Flow ◽

Steel Casting ◽

Casting Process ◽

Continuous Steel Casting ◽

Continuous Steel ◽

Cooling Zone ◽

Secondary Cooling ◽

Flow Rates ◽

Secondary Cooling Zone

The paper presents the comparison of optimization-regulation algorithms applied to the secondary cooling zone in continuous steel casting where the semi-product withdraws most of its thermal energy. In steel production, requirements towards obtaining defect-free semi-products are increasing day-by-day and the products, which would satisfy requirements of the consumers a few decades ago, are now far below the minimum required quality. To fulfill the quality demands towards minimum occurrence of defects in secondary cooling as possible, some regulation in the casting process is needed. The main concept of this paper is to analyze and compare the most known metaheuristic optimization approaches applied to the continuous steel casting process. Heat transfer and solidification phenomena are solved by using a fast 2.5D slice numerical model. The objective function is set to minimize the surface temperature differences in secondary cooling zones between calculated and targeted surface temperatures by suitable water flow rates through cooling nozzles. Obtained optimization results are discussed and the most suitable algorithm for this type of optimization problem is identified. Temperature deviations and cooling water flow rates in the secondary cooling zone, together with convergence rate and operation times needed to reach the stop criterium for each optimization approach, are analyzed and compared to target casting conditions based on a required temperature distribution of the strand. The paper also contains a brief description of applied heuristic algorithms. Some of the algorithms exhibited faster convergence rate than others, but the optimal solution was reached in every optimization run by only one algorithm.

Download Full-text