45 years of steel casting using slide gate systems in Russia

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Evaluation of the Addition Refractory Waste as Aggregates in Concrete for Impeller KR

Refractories, materials used in steel works, are directly or indirectly, associated with a very wide range of environmental problems. When discussing the influence of refractories on the environment, one should consider: aspects related to the global environment, local environment, work environment and the generation of waste. Refractory wastes are historically disposed of as waste in industrial landfills. However, some of the refractory materials used have the potential to be recycled, contributing to environmental and economic sustainability. The addition of recycled aggregates in refractory concrete used to molded Impeller KR was evaluated for the development of refractory recycling technology after use. In general, the results of the dynamic slag test and industrial test indicated the potential of the use of recycled aggregates slide gate.

Receiver Outlet Temperature Control for Falling Particle Receiver Applications

Falling particle receivers (FPRs) are being studied in concentrating solar power applications to enable high temperatures for supercritical CO2 (sCO2) Brayton power cycles. The falling particles are introduced into the cavity receiver via a linear actuated slide gate and irradiated by concentrated sunlight. The thickness of the particle curtain associated with the slide-gate opening dimension dictates the mass flow rate of the particle curtain. A thicker, higher mass flow rate, particle curtain would typically be associated with a smaller temperature rise through the receiver, and a thinner, lower mass flow rate, particle curtain would result in a larger temperature rise. Using the receiver outlet temperature as the process variable and the linear actuated slide gate as the input parameter a proportional, integral, and derivative (PID) controller was implemented to control the temperature of the particles leaving the receiver. The PID parameters were tuned to respond in a quick and stable manner. The PID controlled slide gate was tested using the 1 MW receiver at the National Solar Thermal Test Facility (NSTTF). The receiver outlet temperature was ramped from ambient to 800°C then maintained at the setpoint temperature. After reaching a steady-state, perturbations of 15%–20% of the initial power were applied by removing heliostats to simulate passing clouds. The PID controller reacted to the change in the input power by adjusting the mass flow rate through the receiver to maintain a constant receiver outlet temperature. A goal of ±2σ ≤ 10°C in the outlet temperature for the 5 minutes following the perturbation was achieved.

Application of Titanium Alloy and Titanium-Based Coatings in a Gate Valve during Oil Production

In the Caspian region, the Tengiz oil field has a high content of sulfur, salts and mechanical impurities, which contribute to the rapid deterioration of equipment. The use of titanium alloy allows reducing corrosion wear 2-3 times. Based on the analysis of the design of the slide gate valve, the most exposed parts were identified, which were replaced by Grade 5 titanium alloy. Bench tests of the slide gate valve were put into operation. Laboratory work was carried out to apply titanium-based coatings to steel samples. The result was a structure with a microhardness of 730-810 HV sufficient to protect it against corrosion wear.

Modeling Air Aspiration in Steel Continuous Casting Slide-Gate Nozzles

Air aspiration is an important cause of nozzle clogging and inclusions in final products of continuous casting of steel due to the presence of metal oxides (such as alumina) which occur through the reoxidation of molten steel. This problem is most likely to occur when the flow control system (slide-gate or stopper rod) causes the pressure inside the nozzle to drop below atmospheric pressure, drawing gas into the system through possible cracks or gaps in the refractory walls. In this work, a 1-D pressure-energy model of the complete metal delivery system from the tundish to the mold is developed to predict the pressure distribution and throughput under dynamic operating conditions and varying clogging conditions. The energy balance approach includes pressure losses in the slide-gate, wall friction, and nozzle geometry variations, including the effects of multiphase flow due to argon gas injection. The model also predicts air aspiration, oxide inclusion formation, and the time for clogging shutdown. The predicted pressure distribution is verified with a three-dimensional numerical simulation of multiphase turbulent flow, and is validated with plant measurements. Parametric studies with different submerged entry nozzle (SEN) designs revealed that a smaller SEN diameter may lessen negative pressure by redistributing the pressure loss from the slide-gate to the entire nozzle through increased friction losses. Under negative pressure, a submillimeter-thin gap was shown to cause considerable air aspiration. Clogging shutdown times were evaluated for several scenarios under static and dynamic operating conditions.

Improvement of the wear-resistant "ИГР" shut-off unit of oil and gas reinforcement

Analysis of the geometric features of the flow path of the operating gate and ball valves of tube fittings made it possible to establish the zones of formation of the most intense blocking of the flow of the polluted medium, the speed of which is a significant factor in its aggressiveness. Recommendations for improving the effectiveness of the protective functions of the moving parts of the shut-off units are given. Keywords: slide gate valve, ball valve, shut-off unit, passage area, relief grooves, technical ceramics. [email protected]

ANALISIS POLA OPERASI WADUK SANGIRAN

<p>Dam is a reservoir that is needed to save water so that it can be used at the time needed both for irrigation, hydropower, and tourism. One of the Functional Dam in Indonesia is the Sangiran Dam. Sangiran Dam is located in Sumber Bening Village, Bringin District, Ngawi Regency, East Java Province. The Sangiran Dam is equipped with an overflow ogee crest type overflow building with side channels. Sangiran Dam gate type is slide gate with automatic operation using electric generator. The reservoir, which was operated starting in 2000, is designed to meet the needs of a plantation area of 1535 ha. However, in the operation that is needed in meeting the needs of irrigation air needs to be done in research the current operating patterns of the operating patterns that have been designed at the time of the reservoir design to compile an operating pattern that can meet water needs, at this time, looking for a relation between the elevation of reservoir water levels with an outflow discharge coming out of the reservoir. Based on the results of the analysis conducted on the current operating patterns are not in accordance with the pattern of initial design operations with an average deviation of 51.78% per year. This research is being carried out to analyze the optimal operating patterns of the Sangiran Dam and / or possible operating patterns in meeting water needs in the following years.</p>

Prospects of small capacity ca sting ladles transfer to stopperless casting of steel

Despite encouraging results, obtained at pilot tests, attempts to substitute the stopper facilities by sliding gates at casting ladles of small capacity, used at foundries of machine-building plants, did not result in their implementation in industry. The problems of transferring casting ladles with a capacity of up to 10 tons to continuous casting of steel, due to the peculiarities of their operation under conditions of obtaining low-weight castings, were considered. Priority problems were noted, the successful solution of which will confirm the prospects of using slide gates in foundry. The main requirements for a steel tapping gate system of a casting ladle of small tonnage are as follows: autonomy of the power supply of the shutter drive, eliminating the need to move flexible hoses over a long distance along the working platform; guaranteed start of casting in normal mode without burning the channel with oxygen; the stability of the node pressing the refractory plates of the slide gate to high temperatures in the absence of forced air cooling; the possibility of an active influence on reducing the intensity of the process of overgrowing of the steel outlet of the ladle in the course of filling molds. As a constructive solution aimed at fulfilling the indicated conditions, it was proposed to use a balancer-type cartridge valve equipped with a modernized electromechanical actuator and auxiliary devices for starting casting in normal mode due to mechanical destruction of the crust at the entrance to the steel outlet channel, as well as heating its walls in the closed state when moving the ladle from one form to another. It was recognized that participation on a parity basis in the creation of a promising sliding gate system for foundry ladles with a capacity of up to 10 tons of several development organizations with practical experience in this technical field is worthwhile.

DEVELOPMENT OF SLIDE GATE POWDER WITH EMERGENT STRUCTURE TECHNOLOGY PRODUCTION

The paper presents the research work carried out at Ł–IMŻ on the optimisation of the technology for producing an innovative powder for slide gates as part of a research project carried out for PEDMO S.A. in Tychy. Attention was paid to the developed method for assessing the efficiency of coating powder grains with a sintering process inhibitor using thermal analysis. It is an important element in assessing the quality of the powder, and thus allowed to optimise the parameters of its production technology. In order to determine the effectiveness of coating powder grains with a carbon layer of sintering inhibitor, a number of experiments were carried out using a thermal analyser, controlling the type of gases emitting during sample heating, therefore the influence of various factors on the mixer working temperature, such as the temperature in the production hall, raw material temperature and mixer operation time, was examined. An additional area of study was the registration and analysis of acoustic signals emitted by the mixer, carried out in cooperation with EC TEST Systems to develop an objective method for determining the end of the powder coating process, which can be implemented in a production line automation system.