Variables affecting first order fire effects, characteristics, and behavior in experimental and prescribed fires in mixed and tallgrass prairie

Abstract Fire treatments were initiated in 1990 to evaluate effects of low-intensity prescribed fires on composition and structure of the advanced regeneration pool under mature mixed-hardwood stands on upland sites in the Piedmont of South Carolina. One spring burn was as effective as three winter burns in reducing midstory density, considered a prerequisite for subsequent development of oak (Quercus spp.) advanced regeneration. Burning increased the number of oak rootstocks, reduced the relative position of competing species, and increased root-to-shoot ratios of oak stems in the regeneration layer. These favorable effects of fire on oak regeneration outweigh the removal of small, poorly formed oak stems from the midstory/understory strata during burning. Prescribed burning in hardwood forests may solve some of the current oak regeneration problems, especially on better upland sites in the South. South. J. Appl. For. 22(3):138-142.

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Measurements, datasets and preliminary results from the RxCADRE project – 2008, 2011 and 2012

International Journal of Wildland Fire ◽

10.1071/wf14161 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Roger D. Ottmar ◽

J. Kevin Hiers ◽

Bret W. Butler ◽

Craig B. Clements ◽

Matthew B. Dickinson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wildland Fire ◽

Fire Effects ◽

Service Research ◽

Prescribed Fires ◽

Eastern United States ◽

Fire Modelling ◽

The Us ◽

Us Forest Service ◽

Research Experiment ◽

Science Disciplines

The lack of independent, quality-assured field data prevents scientists from effectively evaluating and advancing wildland fire models. To rectify this, scientists and technicians convened in the south-eastern United States in 2008, 2011 and 2012 to collect wildland fire data in six integrated core science disciplines defined by the fire modelling community. These were fuels, meteorology, fire behaviour, energy, smoke emissions and fire effects. The campaign is known as the Prescribed Fire Combustion and Atmospheric Dynamics Research Experiment (RxCADRE) and sampled 14 forest and 14 non-forest sample units associated within 6 small replicate (<10 ha) and 10 large operational (between 10 and 1000 ha) prescribed fires. Precampaign planning included identifying hosting agencies receptive to research and the development of study, logistics and safety plans. Data were quality-assured, reduced, analysed and formatted and placed into a globally accessible repository maintained by the US Forest Service Research Data Archive. The success of the RxCADRE project led to the commencement of a follow-on larger multiagency project called the Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment (FASMEE). This overview summarises the RxCADRE project and nine companion papers that describe the data collection, analysis and important conclusions from the six science disciplines.

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Topographic and Fire Effects on the Composition and Abundance of VA-Mycorrhizal Fungi in Tallgrass Prairie

Mycologia ◽

10.2307/3807844 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 80 (4) ◽

pp. 433 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

David J. Gibson ◽

B. A. Daniels Hetrick

Keyword(s):

Tallgrass Prairie ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Fire Effects ◽

Va Mycorrhizal Fungi

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PERIODIC INHIBITION OF LIVING PACEMAKER NEURONS (II): INFLUENCES OF DRIVER RATES AND TRANSIENTS AND OF NONDRIVEN POSTSYNAPTIC RATES

International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos ◽

10.1142/s0218127491000646 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 01 (04) ◽

pp. 873-890 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

J. P. SEGUNDO ◽

E. ALTSHULER ◽

M. STIBER ◽

A. GARFINKEL

Keyword(s):

Point Processes ◽

Formal Modeling ◽

Synaptic Inhibition ◽

Sensitivity To Change ◽

Input Output ◽

Pacemaker Neurons ◽

First Order ◽

Spectral Components ◽

Using Data ◽

And Behavior

This paper discusses synaptic inhibition of one pacemaker neuron by another, using data from living synapses. Spike discharges were assimilated to point processes. Inhibitory rate scale and behavior form. (i) Forms (p:q locked and others) with similar prevalent spectral components assembled monotonically with p:q. Between different lockings, intermittent, messy and other intermittent forms staggered characteristically; hoppings were interspersed. (ii) Locked, intermittent and messy forms occupied about 1/3 each of the rate scale. Individually, the 1:1, 2:1 and 1:2 locked domains were the widest, and seemed continuous; individual intermittent and messy domains were very narrow. Step-like inhibitory transients induced abrupt postsynaptic changes opposing them, which over- or under-shot and slowly returned in either orderly or complicated (chaotic?) ways to steady states. Input-output relations around inhibitory trains resembled those of first-order lead-lag systems distorted by asymmetric sensitivity to change and saturation. Postsynaptic natural discharges separated into "slow" less variable, and "fast" more variable categories with somewhat different inhibited behaviors. Formal modeling is introduced by summarizing comparable models, the data-assumption discrepancies, and reasonable conjectures as to eventual models.

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Testing the Efficacy of Species Richness and Floristic Quality Assessment of Quality, Temporal Change, and Fire Effects in Tallgrass Prairie Natural Areas

Natural Areas Journal ◽

10.3375/0885-8608(2006)26[17:tteosr]2.0.co;2 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 17-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Marlin Bowles ◽

Michael Jones

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Quality Assessment ◽

Tallgrass Prairie ◽

Temporal Change ◽

Fire Effects ◽

Natural Areas ◽

Floristic Quality ◽

Floristic Quality Assessment

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Formalization Of Theories of Design Using: First Order Logic Augmented With A Causal Calculus; And Entropy of a Design Defined In Terms Of The Function, Behavior and Structure Ontology.

10.31224/osf.io/2m763 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

KARTHIK GURUMURTHI

Keyword(s):

High Probability ◽

Formal Proof ◽

Order Logic ◽

First Order Logic ◽

Logical Framework ◽

Seamless Integration ◽

Good Design ◽

First Order ◽

Individual Variables ◽

And Behavior

A symbolic logical framework (L) consisting of first order logic augmented with a causal calculus has been provided to formalize, axiomatize and integrate theories of design. L is used to represent designs in the Function-Behavior-Structure (FBS) ontology in a single, widely applicable language that enables the following: seamless integration of representations of function, behavior and structure; and generality in the formalization of theories of design. FRs, constraints, structure and behavior are represented as sentences in L. FRs are represented (as abstractions of behavior) in the form of existentially quantified sentences, the instantiation of whose individual variables yields the representation of behavior. This enables the logical implication of FRs by behavior, without recourse to apriori criteria for satisfaction of FRs by behavior. Functional decomposition is represented to enable lower level FRs to logically imply the satisfaction of higher level FRs. The theory of whether and how structure and behavior satisfy FRs and constraints is represented as a formal proof in L. Important general attributes of designs such as solution-neutrality of FRs, probability of satisfaction of requirements and constraints (calculated in a Bayesian framework using Monte Carlo simulation), extent and nature of coupling, etc. have been defined in terms of the representation of a design in L. The entropy of a design is defined in terms of the above attributes of a design, based on which a general theory of what constitutes a good design has been formalized to include the desirability of solution-neutrality of (especially higher level) FRs, high probability of satisfaction of requirements and constraints, wide specifications, low variability and bias, use of fewer attributes to specify the design, less coupling (especially circular coupling at higher levels of FRs), parametrization, standardization, etc..

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