Evaluation of the effectiveness of using broadband modulation currents in medical rehabilitation of patients after acute cerebrovascular accident

Author(s):  
N.B. Korchazhkina ◽  
A.A. Mikhailova ◽  
E.S. Koneva ◽  
K.V. Kotenko
2021 ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
I. V. Kas ◽  
I. S. Petukhova ◽  
T. P. Ustymenko

One of the urgent tasks of modern medicine is organizing the rehabilitation for patients who have suffered a stroke at different stages of rehabilitation. Restoration of impaired functions in such patients occurs in the first 3−5 months from the onset of the disease, that is influenced by a number of factors: duration of the stroke, size of the lesion and pool of lesions, active participation in the process of a patient him−/herself. The main principles of rehabilitation include its early onset in an acute period of stroke; regularity and duration; complexity and multidisciplinarity (formation of multidisciplinary teams); adequacy of rehabilitation measures, i.e. creation of individual programs taking into account the severity of neurological deficit and dysfunction; stages. Different methods of recovery are applied to each patient individually or in combination, or sequentially according to the rehabilitation program, which is based on the analysis of the patient's condition by all members of the multidisciplinary team, taking into account the results of functional testing and objective examination. Medical support, postural correction, kinesitherapy, mechanotherapy (including robotic), field therapy, hardware physiotherapy, massage, acupuncture according to the indications, functional neurotraining and cardiotraining, neuropsychological training are used. The results of research confirm that the integrated use of kinesitherapy, physical factors, balneotherapy, the methods of psychological rehabilitation of patients after stroke provides a faster recovery of neurological deficit, activates non−specific brain systems, restores mental and somatic functions of the body. Therefore, in addition to health, the patient needs to renew his ability to work and social status. Key words: acute cerebrovascular accident, medical rehabilitation, stages of rehabilitation.


2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Lilia Badrutdinova ◽  
Olga Manerova

AbstractThe aim of this study was to develop legal, organizational and economic activities for providing medical rehabilitation on an outpatient basis to patients that have suffered an acute cerebrovascular accident (CVA). The study included patients who had suffered a CVA and were undergoing medical rehabilitation on an outpatient basis (400 individuals participated in a retrospective study and 400 individuals took part in a sociological survey) and medical rehabilitation specialists providing care on an outpatient basis to patients who had suffered a CVA (n = 50). All included patients received medical rehabilitation in accordance with the Guidelines of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (No: 70). It should be noted that patients who suffered a CVA occupy a central place in the system of medical rehabilitation performed on an outpatient basis. Medical rehabilitation is important for their medical and social characteristics, motivation, environment, adherence to treatment and a healthy lifestyle. In accordance with the above mentioned, the following activities should be planned and implemented: a) work with doctors, b) work with patients; c) work with patients’ relatives; d) organizational aspects, and e) economic aspects. When organizing medical rehabilitation on an outpatient basis, it should be considered as a system of interaction between all participants in the rehabilitation process, in the center of which the patient is located. The main organizational activity for conducting medical rehabilitation in an outpatient setting is the implementation of a comprehensive interaction of all participants in the rehabilitation process.


2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 232-236
Author(s):  
P.V. Shumilov ◽  
◽  
A.Ya. Ilyina ◽  
A.L. Mishchenko ◽  
A.S. Barinova ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Ramazanov ◽  
L. B. Zavaliy ◽  
L. L. Semenov ◽  
S. A. Abudeev ◽  
A. O. Ptitsyn ◽  
...  

Abstract. Early rehabilitation (ER) of patients with acute cerebrovascular accident (ACA) is one of the priority tasks of the vascular centers; the issue of increasing the volume of rehabilitation measures in the resuscitation and intensive care units (ICU) is relevant. Objective. To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the progressive ER program in patients with ACA. Material and research methods. The study included 129 patients with ACA in ICU. Each patient of the main group (MGr, n = 61) underwent progressive ER: at least 4–5 vertical adjustments per day, passive mode Kinesiotherapy 49 ± 9.3 minutes, a double load of physiotherapy exercises, preventive physiotherapy; the total time of classes reached 240 minutes per day. In the comparison group (СGr, n = 68), standard ER was performed no more than 120 minutes per day. The groups are comparable by sex, age, severity of the disease and comorbidity. The severity of ACA, the gravity gradient, patient mobility, functional status, degree of dependence, and the presence of complications were evaluated. Results. During a month of work with the MGr, 102 ICU bed-days, 94 days of the artificial lung ventilation use, p < 0.05 were saved. Mortality in MGr decreased -— 8 patients (13.1%) versus 14 (20.6%) in CGr (p < 0.05). In patients within CGr, pulmonary thromboembolism developed in 8.8%, in MGr – in 3.3%. The severity of the apoplectic attack decreased ( by 28% in MGr, and by 20% in CGr ), mobility increased. Comparing the modalities of post resuscitationsyndrome in MGr, it was noted that the score decreased by 2 times from 6 [5; 6] to 3 [2.3; 3.3], but it has not changed in the CGr. Patients in the MGr were 2-–3 days earlier adapted to the vertical adjustment. Conclusions. The progressive ER program in ICU is safe, effective, realisable, and allows reducing the number of bed-days in ICU, the number of days of the artificial lung ventilation use, complications, and mortality in comparison with standard medical care.


Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Д.А. Митрохин ◽  
Ж.Б. Дюсембаева ◽  
М.М. Ибрагимов ◽  
А.А. Оспанов ◽  
А.Н. Сембинова ◽  
...  

В данной статье, представлены результаты обследования 17 женщин, перенесших острое нарушение мозгового кровообращения в послеродовом периоде, с 2017 по 2021 годы, в возрасте от 19 до 39 лет. Показано, что у женщин в послеродовом периоде, перенесших острое нарушение мозгового кровообращения, выявлено преобладание ишемического инсульта над геморрагическим, что составило 64,7% и 35,3% соответственно. Неврологические признаки церебрального инсульта в послеродовом периоде характеризуются двигательными, речевыми расстройствами, нарушением чувствительности, а также часто психоэмоциональными проявлениями. Генерализованные тонико-клонические приступы чаще наблюдались у пациенток с геморрагическим инсультом (33,3%), в сравнении с ишемическим инсультом (9,1%). У женщин в послеродовом периоде, перенесших острое нарушение мозгового кровообращения, наиболее значимыми факторами риска являются: наличие хронических заболеваний, в том числе отягощенный акушерско-гинекологический анамнез, прием пероральных контрацептивов, а также курение. Биоэлектрическая активность головного мозга характеризовалась выраженной дельта и тета активностью, эпилептиформными разрядами в виде острых волн, спайков и комплексов «пик-волна», с преобладанием у пациенток с геморрагическим инсультом. Более значительное повышение индекса когерентности в дельта и тета диапазонах у пациентов, перенесших геморрагический инсульт, может указывать на более грубые межполушарные нарушения, в сравнении с ишемическим инсультом. Отмечено повышение интегрального индекса диапазона медленно-волновой активности и преобладание процентного отношения спектральных мощностей медленных волн (дельта, тета) к быстрым волнам (альфа, бета), особенно выраженное у больных с геморрагическим инсультом (р < 0,05), в сравнении с ишемическим инсультом. Наиболее тяжелое течение послеродового периода наблюдалось у пациенток с геморрагическим инсультом, именно в этом случае было 2 летальных исхода. This article presents the results of a survey of 17 women with acute cerebrovascular accident in the postpartum period, from 2017 to 2021, aged 19 to 39 years. It is shown that the period in women in the postpartum period, who underwent acute cerebrovascular accident, revealed the prevalence of ischemic stroke over hemorrhagic, which amounted to 64,7% and 35,3%, respectively. Neurological signs of cerebral stroke in the postpartum period are characterized by movement, speech disorders, impaired sensitivity, and often psychoemotional manifestations. Generalized tonic-clonic seizures were more often observed in patients with hemorrhagic stroke (33,3%) in comparison with ischemic stroke (9,1%). In postpartum women who have suffered acute cerebrovascular accident, the most significant risk factors are: the presence of chronic diseases, including a burdened obstetric and gynecological history, taking oral contraceptives, as well as smoking. The bioelectrical activity of the brain was characterized by pronounced delta and theta activity, epileptiform discharges in the form of sharp waves, spikes and peak-wave complexes, with a predominance in patients with hemorrhagic stroke. A more significant increase in the coherence index in the delta and theta ranges in patients after hemorrhagic stroke may indicate more severe interhemispheric disorders in comparison with ischemic stroke. An increase in the integral index of the range of slow-wave activity and a predominance of the percentage of the spectral powers of slow waves (delta, theta) to fast waves (alpha, beta), especially pronounced in patients with hemorrhagic stroke (p <0,05), in comparison with ischemic stroke. The most severe postpartum period was observed in patients with hemorrhagic stroke, in this case there were 2 deaths.


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