Autoinflammatory diseases and kidney involvement

BACKGROUND. Мonoclonal gammopathy (MG) is not only the state preceding of hematological neoplasms, but also associated with non- hematological diseases, in particular damage of kidneys. Earlier diagnosis of MG represents an important area in treating patients with renal diseases associated with MG. THE AIM: To determine the frequency of MG among therapeutic and nephrological patients for optimization of methods of their diagnosis and treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In common, 11392 patients were analyzed within 4 years (2013-2016). The standard clinical examination was conducted. Method of an electrophoresis of proteins of serum of blood and the 24-hour urine, method of immunofixation of proteins of serum and urine, and method of free light chains definition in serum (Freelite) were used for MG identification. RESULTS: MG is diagnosed in 174 of 11392 patients: 49 % of men and 51 % of women aged from 18 up to 85 years. MG was found 2.1 times more often in nephrological patient than in patients of therapeutic departments. Among patients of this group, AL-amyloidosis with kidney involvement was diagnosed in 41 %, cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis – in 18 %, chronic glomerulonephritis – in 35 %, also there was small number of patients with light chain disease and cast-nephropathy. 86 % of nephrological patients had less than 5 g/l of monoclonal protein that corresponds oligo secretory MG, and at 46 % from them – less than 1 g/l, other 10 % had MG of 5-10 g/l, and only in 4.42 % of patients MG more 10g/l was defined. CONCLUSION: We conclude that MG, especially oligo secretory form, play a significant role in pathogenesis of renal damage. It is important to apply sensitive methods – immunofixation of proteins and method «Freelite» for nephrological patients.

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SERUM UROMODULIN IN SLE PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT KIDNEY INVOLVEMENT

10.26226/morressier.56e174d5d462b8028d88aa40 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Wolfgang Schlumberger

Keyword(s):

Kidney Involvement

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Features of the oxidative status in patients with lupus nephritis

Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg) ◽

10.36485/1561-6274-2020-24-1-39-44 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 39-44

Author(s):

E. V. Smirnova ◽

E. V. Proskurnina ◽

T. N. Krasnova

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Free Radical ◽

Lupus Nephritis ◽

Blood Plasma ◽

Respiratory Burst ◽

Oxidative Status ◽

Free Radical Production ◽

Radical Production ◽

Neutrophil Activity ◽

Kidney Involvement

BACKGROUND. Oxidative status impairment plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of SLE and lupus nephritis (LN). The data about oxidative status in this disease are incomplete, that’s why it’s necessary to use a new approach to study it. THE AIM: To study oxidative status in SLE patients with kidney involvement. PATIENTS AND METHODS:53 patients with SLE were included in this prospective study, among them 40 patients with different severity of kidney involvement, control group were 87 healthy donors. Oxidative stress parameters were measured: antioxidant activity (AOA) of blood plasma and parameters, characterizing the state of the main source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) – neutrophils, more specifically: specific spontaneous neutrophil activity, specific stimulated activity (peak and integral), coefficient of respiratory burst attenuation, representing the rate of free radical production decrease after stimulation, the higher the value of this parameter, the slower is free radical production decrease. RESULTS. It was shown elevation of neutrophil free radical-producing activity parameters and elevation of blood plasma AOA in patients with LN, comparing to healthy controls. Immunosuppressive therapy with glucocorticosteroids (GCS) and cytostatics (CS) increased blood plasma AOA comparing to monotherapy with GCS. A correlation between oxidative status impairment and intensity of inflammatory reactions was found: correlation of respiratory burst attenuation coefficient with blood sedimentation rate was shown. Reduction of spontaneous free radical-producing neutrophil activity was found in LN patients with NS, which might be the result of neutrophil functional activity attenuation in high disease activity. CONCLUSION. The increased free radical-producing neutrophil activity was shown, which might be the cause of oxidative stress in SLE with LN. It seems warranted investigation of these parameters in samples of larger volume to search targets aimed at neutrophils. The necessity of antioxidant therapy in patients with SLE seems doubtful, as they show significant increase of blood plasma AOA, which might result from compensatory reaction of human organism to oxidative stress and therapy with GCS and CS.

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Bridging autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases

The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine ◽

10.1186/s43162-021-00040-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Emad M. El-Shebiny ◽

Enas S. Zahran ◽

Sabry A. Shoeib ◽

Eman S. Habib

Keyword(s):

Innate Immunity ◽

T Lymphocytes ◽

Autoimmune Diseases ◽

Adaptive Immunity ◽

High Titre ◽

The Other ◽

Clinical Spectrum ◽

Autoinflammatory Diseases ◽

Main Body ◽

B And T Lymphocytes

Abstract Background Autoimmunity is used to cause by impairment of adaptive immunity alone, whereas autoinflammatory was originally defined as a consequence of unregulated innate immunity. So, the pathogenetic mechanisms of autoimmune diseases were well-thought-out to be mediated by B and T lymphocytes. Whereas, autoinflammatory diseases were defined as unprovoked times of inflammation with the absence of a high titre of autoantibodies. Main body of the abstract Autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases were split into two groups, but considering the similarities, it can be considered as only one group of diseases with a large immune pathological and clinical spectrum which involves at one end pure autoimmune diseases and the other pure autoinflammatory diseases. Conclusions We can safely conclude that there is bridging between autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

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Pathomechanisms in the Kidneys in Selected Protozoan Parasitic Infections

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22084209 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (8) ◽

pp. 4209

Author(s):

Karolina Kot ◽

Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk ◽

Michał Ptak ◽

Aleksandra Łanocha ◽

Elżbieta Kalisińska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Therapeutic Interventions ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Injury Mechanisms ◽

Kidney Involvement ◽

Leishmania Spp ◽

Apoptosis Process ◽

Insight Into

Leishmaniasis, malaria, toxoplasmosis, and acanthamoebiasis are protozoan parasitic infections. They remain important contributors to the development of kidney disease, which is associated with increased patients’ morbidity and mortality. Kidney injury mechanisms are not fully understood in protozoan parasitic diseases, bringing major difficulties to specific therapeutic interventions. The aim of this review is to present the biochemical and molecular mechanisms in kidneys infected with Leishmania spp., Plasmodium spp., Toxoplasma gondii, and Acanthamoeba spp. We present available mechanisms of an immune response, oxidative stress, apoptosis process, hypoxia, biomarkers of renal injury in the serum or urine, and the histopathological changes of kidneys infected with the selected parasites. Pathomechanisms of Leishmania spp. and Plasmodium spp. infections have been deeply investigated, while Toxoplasma gondii and Acanthamoeba spp. infections in the kidneys are not well known yet. Deeper knowledge of kidney involvement in leishmaniasis and malaria by presenting their mechanisms provides insight into how to create novel and effective treatments. Additionally, the presented work shows gaps in the pathophysiology of renal toxoplasmosis and acanthamoebiasis, which need further research.

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Sarcoid relapse with isolated kidney involvement

Internal and Emergency Medicine ◽

10.1007/bf02936551 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 170-172 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Giuseppe Famularo ◽

Giulio Cesare Nicotra ◽

Giovanni Minisola ◽

Claudio De Simone

Keyword(s):

Isolated Kidney ◽

Kidney Involvement

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Next generation sequencing panel screening of 320 patients with clinically unclassified systemic autoinflammatory diseases

Molecular Genetics and Metabolism ◽

10.1016/s1096-7192(21)00508-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 132 ◽

pp. S276-S277

Author(s):

Oskar Schnappauf ◽

Hongying Wang ◽

Natalie Deuitch ◽

Natalia Sampaio Moura ◽

Sofia Rosenzweig ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Next Generation Sequencing ◽

Autoinflammatory Diseases ◽

Next Generation ◽

Generation Sequencing

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Postnatal ultrasound follow-up in neonates with prenatal hydronephrosis

Diagnosis ◽

10.1515/dx-2020-0109 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Elham Kebriyaei ◽

Ali Davoodi ◽

Seyed Alinaghi Kazemi ◽

Zahra Bazargani

Keyword(s):

Ultrasound Imaging ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Left Kidney ◽

Ultrasound Images ◽

Fetal Ultrasound ◽

Renal Anomalies ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Fetal Hydronephrosis ◽

Kidney Involvement

Abstract Objectives Renal anomalies are the most common fetal abnormalities that occur during prenatal development, and are typically detected by observing hydronephrosis on fetal ultrasound imaging. Follow-up with post-natal ultrasound is important to detect clinically-important obstruction, because many of the pre-natal abnormalities resolve spontaneously. This study aimed to evaluate the postnatal hydronephrosis follow-up rate, and reasons for non follow-up in affected neonates. Methods In this cross-sectional study all neonates born during a period of one year at Ayatollah Mousavi Hospital with hydronephrosis on fetal ultrasound imaging were recruited. All mothers were also given face-to-face information about fetal hydronephrosis and its postnatal outcomes, and follow-up with at least a postnatal ultrasound was recommended from the fourth day of their neonates’ birth until the end of the fourth week. The neonates were subsequently observed for one month to determine the postnatal ultrasound follow-up rate and to reflect on diagnostic test results, reasons for failure to follow-up, as well as causes of hydronephrosis. Results In this study, 71 cases (1.2%) out of 5,952 neonates had fetal hydronephrosis on prenatal ultrasound images. The postnatal ultrasound imaging showed kidney involvement in 18 neonates (25%), particularly in the left kidney (61.1%). Seven neonates had no follow-up at one month (10%). No significant relationship was found between lack of follow-up and the neonates’ place of residence (p=0.42), maternal education (p=0.90), number of siblings (p=0.33), or gender (p=0.64). Conclusions Postnatal ultrasound follow-up rate in these neonates with a history of fetal hydronephrosis was incomplete even though parents had been provided with education and advice at their birth time. Accordingly, it is recommended to perform postnatal ultrasound once neonates are discharged from hospitals.

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