Mortality following hip fractures managed with hemiarthroplasty in the elderly in South Africa

Introduction: A novel virus, SARS-CoV-2, has caused a fatal global pandemic which particularly affects the elderly and those with comorbidities. Hip fractures affect elderly populations, necessitate hospital admissions and place this group at particular risk from COVID-19 infection. This study investigates the effect of COVID-19 infection on 30-day hip fracture mortality. Method: Data related to 75 adult hip fractures admitted to two units during March and April 2020 were reviewed. The mean age was 83.5 years (range 65–98 years), and most (53, 70.7%) were women. The primary outcome measure was 30-day mortality associated with COVID-19 infection. Results: The COVID-19 infection rate was 26.7% (20 patients), with a significant difference in the 30-day mortality rate in the COVID-19-positive group (10/20, 50%) compared to the COVID-19-negative group (4/55, 7.3%), with mean time to death of 19.8 days (95% confidence interval: 17.0–22.5). The mean time from admission to surgery was 43.1 h and 38.3 h, in COVID-19-positive and COVID-19-negative groups, respectively. All COVID-19-positive patients had shown symptoms of fever and cough, and all 10 cases who died were hypoxic. Seven (35%) cases had radiological lung findings consistent of viral pneumonitis which resulted in mortality (70% of mortality). 30% ( n = 6) contracted the COVID-19 infection in the community, and 70% ( n = 14) developed symptoms after hospital admission. Conclusion: Hip fractures associated with COVID-19 infection have a high 30-day mortality. COVID-19 testing and chest X-ray for patients presenting with hip fractures help in early planning of high-risk surgeries and allow counselling of the patients and family using realistic prognosis.

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Tooth loss and hip fractures in the elderly

Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - British Volume ◽

10.1302/0301-620x.72b2.2312583 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 72-B (2) ◽

pp. 324-325 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

J Astrom ◽

C Backstrom ◽

G Thidevall

Keyword(s):

Hip Fractures ◽

Tooth Loss ◽

The Elderly

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Hip fractures among the elderly in Kyoto, Japan: a 10-year study

Archives of Osteoporosis ◽

10.1007/s11657-021-00888-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Maki Asada ◽

Motoyuki Horii ◽

Kazuya Ikoma ◽

Tsuyoshi Goto ◽

Naoki Okubo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hip Fracture ◽

Femoral Neck ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Acute Care ◽

Hip Fractures ◽

Age Groups ◽

The Elderly ◽

Femoral Neck Fractures ◽

Age Group ◽

Trochanteric Fractures

Abstract Summary In Kyoto Prefecture, Japan, the number of hip fractures increased during 2013–2017 compared to 2008–2012. However, the estimated overall incidence rate increased only in femoral neck fractures in men aged ≥75 and women aged ≥85. Purpose The incidence rate of hip fractures in Japan has plateaued or decreased. We investigated the annual hip fracture occurrences in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan, from 2008 to 2017. Methods Patients aged 65 years and above who sustained hip fractures between 2008 and 2017 and were treated at one of the participating 11 hospitals were included. The total number of beds in these institutions was 3701, accounting for 21.5% of the 17,242 acute-care beds in Kyoto Prefecture. The change in incidence rate was estimated utilizing the population according to the national census conducted in 2010 and 2015. Results The total number of hip fractures was 10,060, with 47.5% femoral neck fractures and 52.5% trochanteric fractures. A decrease in number was seen only in trochanteric fractures in the group of 75- to 84-year-old women. The population-adjusted numbers of femoral neck fractures showed a significant increase in all age groups in men, whereas in women, there was an increase in femoral neck fractures in the ≥85 group and trochanteric fractures in the age group 65–74, and a decrease in trochanteric fractures in the age group 75–84. The estimated change in incidence rate showed an increase in femoral neck fractures in men aged ≥75 and women aged ≥85. Conclusion In Kyoto Prefecture, the number of hip fractures increased in the second half of the study period (2013–2017) compared to the first half (2008–2012). However, the incidence rate had not increased, except in femoral neck fractures in men aged ≥75 and women aged ≥85.

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Prevention of hip fractures in the elderly: receptivity to protective garments

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics ◽

10.1016/0167-4943(95)00637-z ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 179-189 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Ann H. Myers ◽

James D. Michelson ◽

Mark Van Natta ◽

Quentin Cox ◽

Riyaz Jinnah

Keyword(s):

Hip Fractures ◽

The Elderly

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An Investigation of Quality of Life of the Elderly in South Africa, with Specific Reference to Mpumalanga Province

Applied Research in Quality of Life ◽

10.1007/s11482-007-9022-6 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 1 (3-4) ◽

pp. 297-313 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Monde Makiwane ◽

Stella Alice Kwizera

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

South Africa ◽

The Elderly ◽

Specific Reference ◽

Mpumalanga Province

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Risk factors for high length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality in hip fractures in the elderly

Revista Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología (English Edition) ◽

10.1016/j.recote.2021.05.009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 65 (5) ◽

pp. 322-330

Author(s):

J. Salvador Marín ◽

F.J. Ferrández Martínez ◽

C. Fuster Such ◽

J.M. Seguí Ripoll ◽

D. Orozco Beltrán ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hospital Mortality ◽

Hospital Stay ◽

Hip Fractures ◽

Length Of Hospital Stay ◽

The Elderly ◽

High Length

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Preoperative traction for hip fractures in the elderly: a clinical trial

Injury ◽

10.1016/0020-1383(93)90054-a ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 317-318 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

M. Needoff ◽

P. Radford ◽

R. Langstaff

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Hip Fractures ◽

The Elderly

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Re-Admissions Following Hip Fracture Surgery

Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England ◽

10.1308/003588409x432374 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 91 (7) ◽

pp. 591-595 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

James Hahnel ◽

Hannah Burdekin ◽

Sanjeev Anand

Keyword(s):

Hip Fracture ◽

Hip Fractures ◽

The Elderly ◽

Index Admission ◽

Study Cohort ◽

Rehabilitation Care ◽

Hip Fracture Surgery ◽

Fatal Adverse Events ◽

The Uk ◽

Fracture Surgery

INTRODUCTION Hip fractures in the elderly are a growing problem with a predicted incidence of 117,000 cases per year by 2016. Re-admission following a healthcare episode is an important outcome measure, which reflects non-fatal adverse events and indicates the natural history of disease. The purpose of this observational, multicentre audit was to examine rates and reasons for re-admission following hip fracture, to identify areas in the index admission and rehabilitation care that could be improved to prevent re-admission. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 535 patients (> 65 years old) in two district general hospitals in the UK who underwent hip fracture surgery were recruited into the study. RESULTS Of the study cohort, 72 patients (13.5%) died during their index admission and 88 (19.0%) of 463 patients were re-admitted once within 3 months. Causes of re-admission were attributed to medical (54.8%), failure to rehabilitate (23.8%), orthopaedic (19.0%) and surgical (2.4%) reasons. Infection was the most common (31.0%) reason for re-admission and arguably the most treatable. During the 3-month postoperative period, the mortality rate was 21.3%, increasing in those re-admitted to 35.1% representing the frailty of this group of patients. CONCLUSIONS High rates of re-admission are seen following discharge in elderly patients with hip fractures. Re-admitted patients have high mortality rates. Understanding causes of re-admission may help to reduce this burden.

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Treatment of hip fractures in the elderly with the “TriboFit” System: retrospective review of our experience

LO SCALPELLO-OTODI Educational ◽

10.36149/0390-5276-213 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 102-105

Author(s):

Giampaolo Molinari ◽

Valter Galmarini ◽

Fabrizio Ferrara ◽

Roberto Capelli

Keyword(s):

Hip Fractures ◽

Retrospective Review ◽

The Elderly

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Epidemiological analysis of hip fractures at a tertiary care center: a retrospective study

International Journal of Research in Orthopaedics ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4510.intjresorthop20182402 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 568

Author(s):

Madharam Bishnoi ◽

Tabish Tahir Kirmani ◽

Najmul Huda ◽

Gaurav Chahal ◽

Sandeep Bishnoi

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Hip Fractures ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Uttar Pradesh ◽

The Elderly ◽

Tertiary Care Center ◽

Epidemiological Analysis ◽

Number Of Patients

Background: Hip fractures are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly population posing significant burden on health care resources. The purpose of this study is to determine the epidemiological analysis of hip fractures at a tertiary care center.Methods: This was a retrospective study done on patients with hip fractures admitted during the period 2015-2017 in Moradabad district of Uttar Pradesh. Case files and radiographs of patients were reviewed for age, gender, nature of trauma, associated comorbidities, type of fracture and presence of osteoporosis.Results: During the 2015-2017 period, 2214 patients with hip fractures were admitted, out of which 1180 were males and rest females. The mean age of patients was 56.8 years with 41.6% belonging to age group 60-75 years. In elderly patients, a low energy simple fall accounted for >85% of fractures with presence of significant osteoporosis (Singh’s index grade 3). The in hospital mortality was 2.1%. Hip fracture characteristics included intertrochanteric 57.81%, femoral neck 30.26% and sub trochanteric 11.93%. Smoking and medical comorbidities were present in a significant number of patients.Conclusions: With increased longevity, hip fractures are an increasing health care problem. Various preventive measures for osteoporosis and falls will decline the prevalence of these fractures.

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