scholarly journals Factors affecting goat milk yield and its composition

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 465-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ciappesoni ◽  
JPřibyl ◽  
M. Milerski ◽  
V. Mareš
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Daily Milk Production ◽  
Model Equations ◽  
Daily Milk

The aim of the paper was to prove the accuracy of various statistical models of vari­ance analysis for estimation of systematic factors that influence milk yield and fat and protein content in dairy goats. Data on daily milk production recorded by methods AT, AC or A4 for the population of Czech White Shorthaired Goats over 1992–2002 was used for calculations. A total of 78 736 test day from 6 234 goats were analysed. Average daily milk production was 3.09 kg with 3.72% of fat and 2.84% of protein. Variability of examined traits was significantly influenced by effects of herd-year or herd-test day, litter size, parity, season of kidding, stage of lactation and the combined effect parity-year-season of kidding. The variants of model equations in which complex effects of herd-year were replaced by effects of herd-test day showed higher values of reliability for the three traits analysed.  

Influence of milk yield, stage of lactation, and body condition on dairy cattle lying behaviour measured using an automated activity monitoring sensor

2009 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M Bewley ◽  
Robert E Boyce ◽  
Jeremy Hockin ◽  
Lene Munksgaard ◽  
Susan D Eicher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Milk Cows ◽  
Daily Milk Production ◽  
Daily Milk

Time spent lying by lactating Holstein-Friesian cows of varying body condition scores (BCS) and milk yield was measured using an animal activity monitor. A 3-week average BCS was calculated for each cow; and in total, 84 cows were selected with 28 cows each among three BCS categories (Thin: BCS<2·75; Moderate: 2·75⩾BCS<3·25; Heavy: BCS⩾3·25) and two stage of lactation categories (<150 days in milk or >150 days in milk). Cows were kept in two management systems: parlour/freestall (n=60) or automated milking system/freestall (n=24). Behaviour was recorded for 5·3±0·1 d for each cow. Production levels were considered using a 28-d rolling average of daily milk production. Cows that exhibited clinical lameness before or during the observation period were excluded from analyses. For cows exhibiting oestrus, the day prior to, day of, and day following breeding were removed. The final analysis included 77 cows (408 d of observation). A mixed model was fitted to describe average daily hours spent lying. Results demonstrated that lying time increased as days in milk (DIM) increased (P=0·05). Variables that were tested but not significant (P>0·05) were BCS category, parity category (1 or ⩾2) and 28-d rolling average daily milk production. Although a numerical trend for increasing hours spent lying with increasing BCS was observed, after accounting for other factors in the mixed model, BCS did not significantly impact lying time. Continued investigation of these management factors that impact lying time and bouts, using new technologies, more cows, and more herds will help dairy owners better manage facilities and cow movements to optimize this essential behaviour.

A consideration of the techniques for estimation of milk yield by suckled sheep and a comparison of estimates obtained by two methods in relation to the effect of breed, level of production and stage of lactation

1979 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Doney ◽  
J. N. Peart ◽  
W. F. Smith ◽  
F. Louda
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Water Turnover ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Machine Milking ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Daily Milk Production ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

SummaryThree techniques, lamb-suckling and test-weighing, hand- or machine-milking following administration of oxytocin, and measurements of body-water turnover, used for the estimation of milk yield in suckled sheep are discussed in relation to sources of error and comparability of estimates.Results are presented from an experiment in which the lamb-suckling and the oxytocin techniques were compared. The mean daily milk production of Scottish Blackface and East Friesland × Scottish Blackface ewes suckling single and twin lambs was measured by both methods at weekly intervals for 6 weeks. All ewes were well nourished to ensure full expression of milking capacity. Additional information from a similar experiment on Merino ewes is also presented.The oxytocin method gave higher estimates of mean daily milk yield in the first week of lactation, especially in the groups of ewes rearing single lambs and in the Blackface breed. By the second week in most groups and the third week in all groups there were no significant differences between estimates made by the two methods and the relative values of the estimates were not affected by level of milk production, number of lambs suckled or genotype of ewe and lamb.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Milk Production and Milk Composition at Different Stages of Saanen Dairy Goats

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1S) ◽  
pp. 204-211
Author(s):  
Noor Syaheera Ibrahim ◽  
Farida Hani Ahmad Tajuddin
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Food Regulation ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Stage Of Lactation

Milk is an important elements due to its high nutritious and balanced in human diet. In Asian, goat milk is the most consumed because of the unique taste, more nutritious than cow milk. However, milk production and composition values differ at every stage of lactation in goats. Thus, determining the highest milk production and producing the best quality goat milk is essential to satisfy the local market demands. The objective of the present study is to determine the milk yield and milk composition at different lactation stages and to evaluate the lactation curves in Saanen goats. The lactation stages can be categorized into three, early (less than 80 days), mid (80 – 140 days) and late (over 140 days) days in milk (DIM). In total, 90 milk samples were collected from 15 goats representing early (n=5), mid (n=5), and late (n=5) stages of lactation. The Saanen goats were raised under the same conditions, and milking was done early in the morning (9.00am).The milk yield from Saanen goats were collected and measured weekly at each stage of lactation. Milk samples were analyzed for fat, protein, solid non-fat, and lactose. Current result illustrated, there were significant different (p ˂ 0.05) among three stages of lactation in milk yield, solid non-fat, fat, protein and lactose. In terms of food regulation, the Saanen goats almost fully met the standard requirements for milk production and composition. In addition, this study also observes the lactation curves in Saanen goats and analyse the curve shapes and patterns. The average milk yields from three different stages develops a concave downward curve. The results indicated that mid yield increased from early to mid- lactation and decreased thereafter until the end of lactation.

scholarly journals Contents of Zn, Cu, Mn and Se in Milk in Relation to their Concentrations in Blood, Milk Yield and Stage of Lactation in Dairy Cattle

2008 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pechová ◽  
L. Pavlata ◽  
R. Dvořák ◽  
E. Lokajová
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Holstein Cattle ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Daily Milk Production ◽  
Daily Milk

The objective of the study was to assess the effect of actual daily milk production and lactation stage on concentrations of Zn, Mn, Cu and Se in milk, and monitor correlations between milk and blood concentrations of these microelements. The study was performed in a herd of Holstein cattle with the average milk yield of 8,562 kg. Thirty-five dairy cows housed in one group were included in the study. Blood and milk samples were taken during two separate milk yield checks done 4 weeks apart. Actual milk production of monitored cows ranged from 19.6 to 62.6 l daily. For lactation stages we evaluated results of examinations performed from 7 to 188 days of lactation. Blood examinations showed that the cows included in our study had good supplementation with the microelements in question. Milk concentrations of individual microelements were as follows: 3855.2 ± 814.7 μg/l of Zn; 36.3 ± 14.4 μg/l of Cu; 20.1 ± 8.3 μg/l of Mn, and 28.6 ± 7.1 μg/l of Se. The effect of daily milk production on milk concentrations of the microelements was identified only for copper (r = -0.302, p ⪬ 0.05). The variable of days of lactation (not considering days of the colostrum period) showed a positive correlation in manganese (r = 0.419, p ⪬ 0.01); copper and selenium showed negative correlations (Cu: r = -0.258, p ⪬ 0.05; Se: r = -0.277, p ⪬ 0.05). The daily milk production influenced negatively only Cu concentration in milk, but Se, Zn and Mn was not influenced.With advancing lactation after colostrum period the concentration of Mn in milk raised, the concentration of Cu and Se declined and the concentration of Zn was unchanged.

scholarly journals Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Produksi Susu Kambing Perah Peranakan Etawa (PE) di Desa Limpok Kecamatan Darussalam Kabupaten Aceh Besar

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
Rini Afrida ◽  
Edy Marsudi ◽  
Ismayani Ismayani
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Livestock Farm ◽  
Simultaneous Test ◽  
Object Of Study

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKSI SUSU KAMBING PERAH PERANAKAN ETAWA (PE) DI DESA LIMPOK KECAMATAN DARUSSALAM KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR (STUDI KASUS DI UD. ATJEH LIVESTOCK FARM) OLEH Rini Afrida / Agribisnis Universitas Syiah Kuala  ABSTRAK Susu kambing perah merupakan komoditas yang cukup penting di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  Menganalisis pengaruh jumlah pemberian pakan hijauan dan  ampas tahu terhadap  produksi susu kambing perah di UD. Atjeh Livestock Farm yang berada  di Desa Limpok Kecamatan Darussalam Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode studi kasus dengan objek penelitian seluruh kambing perah peranakan etawa (PE) yang memproduksi susu di UD. Atjeh Livestock Farm. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Model Cobb Douglas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel jumlah pakan hijauan dan ampas tahu mempunyai pengaruh nyata baik secara  serempak  maupun parsial terhadap produksi   susu, dimana diperoleh nilai dari uji serempak untuk   Fhit = 138.415 sedangkan untuk Ftabel = 3.98, karena nilai Fhit = 138.415   Ftabel = 3.98, maka kesimpulan yang dapat diambil adalah menolak H0. Artinya variabel hijauan  dan ampas tahu secara bersama – sama mempunyai pengaruh nyata terhadap produksi susu kambing perah, sedangkan dari uji parsial diperoleh nilai variabel hijauan untuk thitung = 4,016 sedangkan ttabelnya = 2,17881, karena nilai thitung= 4,016   ttabel = 2,17881, maka kesimpulan yang dapat diambil adalah menolak H0. Begitu juga untuk  variabel ampas tahu  diperoleh nilai untuk thitung =  2,255 sedangkan ttabelnya = 2,17881, karena nilai thitung = 2,255   ttabel = 2,17881, maka kesimpulan yang dapat diambil adalah menolak H0. Artinya  variabel hijauan maupun ampas tahu mempunyai pengaruh nyata terhadap produksi susu kambing perah.ANALYSIS OF THE FACTORS AFFECTING THE PRODUCTION OF GOAT MILK DAIRY CROSSBREED ETAWA (PE) IN THE LIMPOK VILLAGE SUB-DISTRICTS OF DARUSSALAM ACEH BESAR REGENCY(A Case Study in UD. Atjeh Livestock Farm)ABSTRACT Dairy goat milk is a commodity that is quite important in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the influence of the number of feeding forage and pulp out of the milk production of dairy goats in UD. Atjeh Livestock Farm that are in the Limpok village sub-district of Darussalam Aceh Besar regency. The method used is the case study method with the object of study throughout the dairy goat hybrid etawa (PE), which produces milk in UD. Atjeh Livestock Farm. The analytical method used in this study is a model Cobb Douglas. The results showed that the variable amount of green feed and tofu has a real influence both simultaneously and partially to the production of milk, which gained the value of simultaneous test for Fcount = 138.415 whereas for Ftable = 3.98, because the value Fcount = 138.415   Ftable = 3.98, the conclusions that can be drawn is to reject H 0. This means that the variable forages and pulp out together have a significant effect on the milk production of dairy goats, whereas the values obtained from the partial test variable forage for tcount = 4,016 whereas ttable = 2,17881, because the value of tcount= 4,016   ttable = 2,17881, the conclusions that can be drawn is to reject H 0. Likewise for variable pulp out obtained value for tcount =  2,255 whereas ttable  = 2,17881, because the value of tcount = 2,255   ttable = 2,17881, the conclusions that can be drawn is to reject H 0. This means that the variable forage or pulp out has a significant effect on the milk production of dairy goats.  

Variability of reduced glutathione levels in Massese ewes and its effect on daily milk production

1988 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Rizzi ◽  
Anna Caroli ◽  
Patrizia Bolla ◽  
Anna Acciaioli ◽  
Giulio Pagnacco
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Glutathione Level ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Erythrocyte Concentration ◽  
Daily Milk Production ◽  
Daily Milk

SummaryThe variability of the erythrocyte concentration of the tripeptide glutathione was studied in four flocks of Massese sheep. A relationship was found between glutathione level and stage of lactation in which the second month showed the lowest content. Genotype at transferrin and haemoglobin loci was associated with glutathione levels. Homozygotes at the transferrin locus yielded higher levels, while the D allele at the same locus was associated with lower concentrations. Animals with haemoglobin AA showed higher contents of glutathione. Also, a negative correlation was found between daily milk production and glutathione level.

scholarly journals Oxytocin Hormone Induction on Milk Production in Relation to Dairy Kid Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Mas Yedi Sumaryadi ◽  
Dadang Mulyadi Saleh ◽  
Aras Prasetiyo Nugroho ◽  
Nu'man Hidayat ◽  
Chomsiatun Nurul Hidayah
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Group I ◽  
Daily Milk Production

The application of oxytocin induction to milk production in relation to the performance of kids in dairy goats had been carried out in the "PEGUMAS" dairy goat farmer group Gumelar District, Banyumas. This activity aimed to increase milk production and kid performance through the induction of the hormone oxytocin in dairy goats. The approach method was designed in two stages: the first stage carried out the socialization activities and demonstration of techniques for applying IPTEKS, and the second stage applied hormonal technology in the form of oxytocin hormone induction in dairy goats. The material used was dairy goat parity I aged 1.5 - 2 years allocated into 2 groups of 10 individuals each. Group I was dairy goat experiment not induced with the oxytocin hormone as the control. Group II was dairy goat experiment induced with the oxytocin hormone at a dose of 1 ml (10 IU) intramuscularly before milking. Milk production was measured morning and evening as daily milk production in milliliters (ml). Milk was given to the kid of each parent. The kid's performance was measured based on the daily weight gain of the kid during the study. Overall, the application of science and technology could be adopted by farmers, and oxytocin-induced dairy goat milk production (503.2 ml) was significantly higher (P<0.05) than control (305.4 ml) with an increase of 64.77%, with a positive level of correlation (r = 0.45) and contributed 19.83% to the kids daily body weight gain.

Factors Affecting Milk Yield and Composition of Indigenous Balkan Goat Breed Reared in Semi Extensive Conditions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Božidarka . ◽  
Marković . ◽  
M Marković ◽  
Dušica . ◽  
Radonjić . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Goat Breed ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

The aim of this study was to analyze effect of genetic and environmental factors on milk production traits of indigenous Balkan goat breed. The average milk yield of 150.43 kg in lactation that lasted 211.09 days was significantly influenced by flock and lactation, while average daily milk yield (0.724 kg) was additional significantly affected by stage of lactation (PÂ0.001). Variability of milk components content (fat, protein and solid nonfat – SNF) was under significant effect of flock and stage of lactation, interaction of these two factors and random effect of animal (PÂ0.001), while strain and lactation did not have significant effect on these traits (P>0.05). Goats of AA genotype of alpha S1 casein had significantly higher fat, protein and SNF content than AF and FF genotype. These results provide important data that could be used as baseline for design of breeding program for improvement of production traits of Balkan goat breed.

Significance of Environmental Influences on Average Daily Milk Traits of Sirohi Goats in Their Native Tract

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Gautam H.A. Waiz ◽  
R. K. Nagda
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

Data on 3244 Sirohi kidding during 2004 to 2016 in farmer’s flocks under All India Co-ordinated Research Project on Goat Improvement (AICRP) project, Vallabhnagar, Udaipur were utilized to estimate the average daily milk (ADM) at different lactation months and subjected to least square analysis to study the effect of various non-genetic factors like cluster, periods of kidding, season of kidding, parity, type of birth and regression of dam’s weight. The overall least-squares means for ADM1, ADM2, ADM3, ADM4, ADM5 and overall ADM were 564.07±18.34, 671.92±15.17, 633.41±10.75, 508.93±8.01, 329.72±7.93 and 540.79±10.78 ml, respectively. Cluster and period wise variation were highly significant on all stages of average daily milk yields. The parity had statistically highly significant effect on average daily milk yields, in which seemed that milk yields increase as parity increase, thereafter declined slowly. The effect of type of kidding was non-significant on all stages of average daily milk yield under this study. The regression of dam’s weight at kidding was positive and highly significant (P£ 0.01) on all average daily milk yield. The heritability estimates for these traits ranged from 0.03 ± 0.01 (ADM4) to 0.19 ± 0.02 0.06 ± 002 (ADM1). The high estimates of genetic correlations of average milk yield of different periods with overall average daily milk yield. The phenotypic correlations were positive and low between ADM1 and ADM4­, ADM5 and medium between ADM1 and ADM4, ADM5. In order to augment goat milk production, goat keepers need to be focused on nutritional and others environmental conditions as it affect their flock.

Effects of increasing supplementation levels of rice bran on milk production and fatty acid composition of milk in Saanen dairy goats

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 413 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Park ◽  
E. G. Kwon ◽  
C.-H. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
Forage Intake

In this study, the effects of four dietary supplementation levels of rice bran (RB) on milk yield and composition were examined in Saanen dairy goats. Four goats (initial bodyweight, 55.0 ± 7.1 kg) and four 21-day periods were used in a 4 × 4 Latin-square design. The diets contained 0, 5, 10, and 20% DM of RB, but were otherwise formulated to be 10.7 MJ metabolisable energy/kg and 18.8% crude protein/kg DM. Goats consumed the greatest amount of DM feed concentrate when fed the 5% RB diet (P < 0.01); however, DM forage intake was not significantly different between diets. Total DM intake of the 5% RB diet was significantly higher than that of the control diet (P < 0.05). Milk yield was the lowest from goats fed the 20% RB (P < 0.01). The protein concentration of milk was significantly lower in goats fed the control and 5% RB diets than in those fed the 10 and 20% RB diets (P < 0.01). However, milk protein production was not significantly different between diets. The concentration of fat in milk increased as the supplementation level of RB increased, although fat production did not differ between diets. The addition of RB increased the concentration of long-chain fatty acids (C16 and C18) in goat milk. No significant difference was found in milk lactose concentration between diets. Overall, the results indicate that RB supplements of up to 10% have no adverse effects on DM intake and milk production in dairy goats.

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