scholarly journals Adsorption of selected azo dyes from an aqueous solution by activated carbon derived from Monotheca buxifolia waste seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 166-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruqia Nazir ◽  
Muslim Khan ◽  
Riaz Ur Rehman ◽  
Shaukat Shujah ◽  
Mansoor Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Adsorption Models ◽  
Electron Microscopic Image ◽  
Monotheca Buxifolia ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic Image

In this study, activated carbon derived from Monotheca buxifolia waste seeds was used for the adsorptive removal of a number of selected azo dyes such as Eriochrome Black T (EBT), Remazol brilliant blue (RBB), Remazol yellow (RY) and Remazol brilliant orange (RBO) from an aqueous solution by changing the initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, solution pH, contact time and temperature. A Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis of the activated carbon showed the existence of hydroxyls, methyl, methylene, carbonyls, alkane and alkenes groups while the scanning electron microscopic image displayed the gradual formation of cavities and open pores on the surface. The results showed that as the amount of the adsorbent and the shaking time were increased, the removal percentage of the dye increased accordingly. Higher adsorption percentages were observed at a lower dye concentration and temperature in an acidic media at a pH range (1–5). The investigated data were evaluated with the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models. The maximum adsorption capacities obtained from the Langmuir model were 112.36, 96.34, 97.65 and 90.91 mg/g for EBT, RBB, RY and RBO, respectively. The results indicated that the electrostatic interaction was the main cause of the adsorption of these anionic azo dyes on the surface of the activated carbon.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Phenol from Aqueous Solution Using Activated Carbon prepared from Coconut Shell

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Masuma Sultana Ripa ◽  
Rafat Mahmood ◽  
Sabrina Khan ◽  
Easir A Khan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Iodine Number ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Model ◽  
Solution Ph

Adsorption separation of phenol from aqueous solution using activated carbon was investigated in this work. The adsorbent was prepared from coconut shell and activated by physical activation method. The coconut shell was first carbonized at 800°C under nitrogen atmosphere and activated by CO2 at the same temperature for one hour. The prepared activated carbon was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and BET Surface Analyzer and by the determination of iodine number as well as Boehm titration. The iodine number indicates the degree of relative activation of the adsorbent. The equilibrium adsorption isotherm phenol from aqueous solution was performed using liquid phase batch adsorption experiments. The effect of experimental parameters including solution pH, agitation time, particle size, temperature and initial concentration was investigated. The equilibrium data was analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption model to describe the adsorption isotherm and estimate the adsorption isotherm parameters. The results indicate the potential use of the adsorbent for removal of phenol from the aqueous solution.Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 29, No. 1, 2017: 9-13

scholarly journals CAFFEINE REMOVAL BY ACTIVATED CARBON FROM COFFEE GROUNDS WITH ALTERNATIVE ACTIVATION IN ALUMINUM CAPSULES

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (31) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
Endrew Henrique de Sousa CARVALHO ◽  
Renata Medici Frayne CUBA ◽  
Francisco Javier Cuba TERAN
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Alternative Activation ◽  
Chemical Recovery ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Kinetic Test ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Best Fit

Activated carbon is used like adsorbent in removing gaseous and liquid pollutants besides purification and chemical recovery. However, its production has a high cost and has sought alternative precursors materials such as coffee grounds. The objective of this study was to determine the removal of caffeine in aqueous solution using activated carbon produced from coffee grounds by adsorption. The coffee grounds was impregnated with ZnCl2 and activated in aluminum capsules where it was used alcohol cotton and put fire to consume the oxygen inside. The adsorption test was performed with concentration of caffeine of 25 mg/L, 0.5 g of activated carbon in 100 mL samples, leaving the suspension under stirring for 120 minutes, in acid, neutral and basic pH. The pH range which obtained better removal was the neutral, removing 99.04% caffeine in 40 minutes. The kinetic test was performed in 20 minutes with the intraparticle model being the best fit.

Probing acid/base chemistry and adsorption mechanisms of hydrolysable Al(iii) species with a clay system in aqueous solution

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (115) ◽  
pp. 114171-114182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfang Huang ◽  
Wencui Chai ◽  
Guihong Han ◽  
Jiongtian Liu ◽  
Hongyang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Adsorption Mechanisms ◽  
Clay System ◽  
Ph Range

The acid/base chemistry of hydrolysable Al(iii) species with a clay (bentonite and kaolin) system was investigated at 35 °C in the expanded solution pH range from 1 to 9.

scholarly journals Synthesis, spectral and sol-gel behavior of mixed ligand complexes of titanium(IV) with oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur donor ligands

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-76
Author(s):  
A. Srivastava ◽  
N. Srivastava ◽  
U. N. Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Amorphous Solid ◽  
Mixed Ligand ◽  
Donor Ligands ◽  
Mixed Ligand Complexes ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Nmr Studies ◽  
Electron Microscopic Image ◽  
Sulfur Donor Ligands ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic Image

A new route to synthesize nano-sized Ti(IV) mixed ligand complexes have been investigated by the reaction of titanium(IV) chloride with ammonium salts of dithiophosphate and 3(2'-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(4-substituted phenyl) pyrazolines. The resultant complex is then treated with H2S gas to get sulfur bridged dimer of Ti(IV) complex, a precursor of TiS2. The morphology of the complexes was studied by employing XRD which shows that all the complexes are amorphous solid. Molecular weight measurements, elemental analysis in conjugation with spectroscopic (IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and 31P NMR) studies revealed the dimeric nature of the complexes in which pyrazoline and dithiophosphate are bidentate. Scanning electron microscopic image and XRD indicate that the particles are in the nano range (50 nm). Putting all the facts together, coordination number six is proposed for titanium with octahedral geometry.                     KEY WORDS: Titanium(IV), Dithiophosphate, Pyrazoline, Nano-sized, Sol-gel, Mixed ligand complexes   Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2021, 35(1), 61-76. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v35i1.5

scholarly journals Removal of crystal violet dye by a novel adsorbent derived from waste active sludge used in wastewater treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz Akin Sahbaz ◽  
Sahra Dandil ◽  
Caglayan Acikgoz
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Crystal Violet ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Active Sludge ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage

Abstract This study dealt with preparation of the activated carbon derived from active sludge as an adsorbent for the adsorption of crystal violet (CV) from aqueous solution. The waste active sludge was activated chemically with KOH and carbonized to get activated carbon with a large surface area and a high porosity. The activated carbon was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) instrument, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Adsorption of CV from aqueous solution onto the activated carbon was investigated under varying conditions, such as adsorbent dosage (1–6 g/L), solution pH (4–9), contact time period (0–150 min), initial dye concentration (20–100 mg/L), and temperature (25–55 °C). 4.0 g/L of adsorbent dosage was chosen as the optimum level due to having a high removal rate (96.2%) (initial CV concentration 60 mg/L; 150 rpm; pH 6; 25 °C). The adsorption kinetic and adsorption isotherms were well described by the pseudo second order kinetic and the Freundlich isotherm model, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption is a spontaneous process and favored at higher temperatures. The results show that the activated carbon derived from active sludge could be employed as a low-cost material for the removal of CV dye.

scholarly journals A comprehensive study on adsorption behavior of some azo dyes from aqueous solution onto different adsorbents

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 478-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nihan Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Agricultural Wastes ◽  
Walnut Shell ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Dye Pollutants ◽  
Comprehensive Study

One of the major environmental problems is the existence of dye materials in water sources. This pollutant must be removed from water by appropriate methods. Although most of these methods are efficient for the treatment of waters contaminated with dye pollutants, they are very costly and commercially unattractive. Adsorption is one of the most popular methods for the removal of dye pollutants from water especially if the sorbent is inexpensive. Sorbents are classified as natural sorbents, commercial sorbents, and the sorbents obtained from industrial and agricultural wastes. Although commercial activated carbon is widely used in wastewater treatment applications, it is very expensive. In this study, usability of inexpensive materials – sepiolite as a natural adsorbent, and walnut shell and hazelnut shell as agricultural wastes – was investigated instead of commercial activated carbon to remove some azo dyes (methyl red, methyl orange and methyl yellow) from aqueous solution. Batch experiments were carried out to determine the effect of different adsorption parameters such as pH, initial dye concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature. The equilibrium of adsorptions was modeled using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. This comprehensive study showed that these alternative adsorbents had sufficient binding capacity to remove these azo dyes from water.

scholarly journals Leukemic Reticuloendotheliosis

Blood ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
SIDNEY TRUBOWITZ ◽  
BERTHA MASEK ◽  
JULIO M. FRASCA
Keyword(s):  
Time Lapse ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Electron Microscopic Image ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Reticular Cells ◽  
Hairy Cells ◽  
Phase Transmission ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic Image ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The anatomical and functional features of the hairy cells of leukemic reticuloendothelisis were investigated by time lapse cinematography; phytohemagglutinin stimulation; adherence to siliconized surfaces; a variety of cytochemical methods; and phase, transmission, and scanning electron microscopy. The scanning electron microscopic image supports the morphologic evidence for a relationship between the hairy and the reticular cells.

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