scholarly journals Effect of drought and waterlogging on saccharides and amino acids content in potato tubers  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matyáš Orsák ◽  
Zora Kotíková ◽  
František Hnilička ◽  
Jaromír Lachman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
High Effect ◽  
Total Free Amino Acids ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Tyrosine Content ◽  
Total Amino Acids

The study was focused on the effect of drought and waterlogging stresses in two-year pot experiments in the peat substrate on the content of glucose, fructose and sucrose and free amino acids in potato tubers of four cultivars (yellow-fleshed Laura, Marabel, Milva and blue-fleshed Valfi) after 71 days of exposure to stresses conditions (BBCH 909). Drought and waterlogging increased levels of fructose, glucose, and sucrose in three potato cultivars except for cv. Laura. Drought stress increased l-proline (+248.4%), l-hydroxyproline (+135.3%), l-arginine (+29.97%), l-glutamic acid (+29.09%) and l-leucine (+22.58%) contents in all analysed cultivars. Moreover, the high effect of drought stress on an increase of l-phenylalanine, l-histidine, l-threonine, and total free amino acids content of the cvs. Laura, Valfi and Marabel has been observed. A comparison of the effects of drought and waterlogging stresses on the content of total amino acids showed an increase under drought and a decrease under waterlogging conditions. On average, of all cultivars, waterlogging stress caused an increase of l-tyrosine content, whereas drought stress decrease. In addition, drought stress caused a significant increase of l-proline in all cultivars while waterlogging its decrease. Obtained results confirmed different responses of susceptible or resistant cultivars to abiotic stresses.  

scholarly journals Using two plant growth promoting bacteria to sustainably reduce the drought-induced loss in Triticum aestivum yield

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-446
Author(s):  
El-Anwar OSMAN ◽  
Wedad A. KASIM ◽  
Nabil A. OMAR ◽  
Samar E. SALAMA
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Total Free Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Promoting

In a greenhouse experiment, the inoculated and uninoculated grains with Azospirillum brasilense NO40 or Stenotrophomonas maltophilia were sown in unsterilized sandy soil and watered normally till the 8th day. Thereafter, the drought stress was initiated by watering pots once every 10 days while the unstressed pots were irrigated normally once every 5 days. Samples of spikes and dry grains were collected after 120 days from sowing. The results indicated that the inoculated-drought-stressed plants maintained significantly higher values of all of the measured yield parameters, where the yielded grains had higher amounts of the direct reducing sugars, sucrose, starch; lower contents of total soluble proteins and the total free amino acids, and altered protein patterns compared to those of the uninoculated-drought-stressed plants. SDS-PAGE of the yielded grains showed that drought led to the appearance of some newly synthesized stress protein bands and disappearance of others. Inoculation with PGPB resulted in the re-appearance of some of the disappearing bands and the synthesis of new others. Meanwhile, wheat inoculation under normal conditions resulted in significantly promoted grain yields with higher contents of carbohydrates, total soluble proteins and total free amino acids than that of the uninoculated control. It has been proved that treating wheat plants with the PEG-tolerant Azospirillum brasilense NO40 or Stenotrophomonas maltophilia that were compatible with the systems into which they were introduced and possess multiple plant growth promoting traits, can be an efficient strategy to enhance wheat growth and productivity, not only under normal conditions, but also under drought stress.

scholarly journals Influence of Drought and Wounding Stress on Soluble Phenols and Proteins in Potato Tubers

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina B. Wegener ◽  
Gisela Jansen ◽  
Hans-Ulrich Jurgens
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Fresh Tissue ◽  
Plant Phenols ◽  
Wounding Stress ◽  
Soluble Phenols

<p>Potato is a valuable source for phytochemicals like vitamins, minerals, plant phenols, amino acids and proteins. However, environmental stress may affect the level of all these components. In this study, two purple breeding clones and one yellow fleshed cultivar (cv.) were assessed in their response to drought and wounding stress in two consecutive years. The plants were grown in the greenhouse under control (sufficient water supply) and with drought stress conditions. After harvest the tubers were analyzed for the content of soluble phenols and proteins in fresh tissue and after wounding. In addition, free amino acids (AAS) and activity of lipid acyl hydrolases (LAH) were assayed in control and drought stressed tubers. The results revealed significant differences in soluble phenols and proteins between genotypes, and that drought stress significantly increased the level of soluble proteins (P &lt; 0.0001) and LAH activity (P &lt; 0.001), but had no significant effect on the concentration of phenols. Moreover, total amounts of free AAS were higher in the drought stress variant. Wounding stress caused a significant increase of soluble phenols in cv. Agave. But, this was less prominent in purple clones which in general had higher contents of phenols. Proteins were also enhanced as a result of wounding, although, the effect of wounding stress on their level was smaller than that of drought stress.<strong></strong></p>

Proteolysis and formation of volatile compounds in cheese manufactured with a bacteriocin-producing adjunct culture

2001 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
ABDELGHANI OUMER ◽  
PILAR GAYA ◽  
ESTRELLA FERNÁNDEZ-GARCÍA ◽  
RAÚL MARIACA ◽  
SONIA GARDE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Leuconostoc Mesenteroides ◽  
Aminopeptidase Activity ◽  
Hydrophobic Peptides ◽  
Bacteriocin Producer ◽  
Total Free Amino Acids ◽  
Adjunct Culture

Hispánico cheese, a semi-hard Spanish variety, was manufactured from a mixture of pasteurized cows' and ewes' milks (4[ratio ]1) using a commercial mesophilic LD-type starter comprising Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris, Lc. lactis subsp. lactis, Lc. lactis subsp. lactis var diacetylactis and Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris. Varying amounts (0–1·0 g/kg) of an Enterococcus faecalis INIA 4 culture in milk were added as a bacteriocin-producing adjunct. Differences in pH between cheeses manufactured with and without the bacteriocin producer did not exceed 0·11 pH units. Starter lactococci lost viability more rapidly in cheeses made with the bacteriocin producer, which reached counts of up to 6×107 cfu/g during ripening. Aminopeptidase activity in 1-d-old cheese made from milk inoculated with 1·0 g bacteriocin-producing culture/kg was twice that in control cheese. Degrees of overall proteolysis and levels of total free amino acids in 45-d-old cheese made with 1·0 g bacteriocin-producing culture/kg were 1·80-fold and 2·17-fold those in control cheese of the same age. Inoculating milk with 1·0 g/kg bacteriocin-producing culture reduced the level of hydrophobic peptides in the resultant cheese, increased the concentrations of 3-methyl-1-butanal, diacetyl and acetoin, and resulted in the highest scores for flavour quality and flavour intensity throughout ripening.

scholarly journals Effect of Two Strains of Peanut Mottle Virus on Fatty Acids, Amino Acids, and Protein of Six Peanut Lines1,2

1979 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan R. Hovis ◽  
Clyde T. Young ◽  
Cedric W. Kuhn
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Peanut Seed ◽  
Mild Strain ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Total Amino Acids

Abstract Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars (Starr and Florunner) and four peanut introductions (PI 261945, 261946, 261973, and 261980) were each separately inoculated with a mild strain (M2) and with the necrosis strain (N) of peanut mottle virus. The effects of these viral strains on the chemical composition of peanut seed were evaluated. The chemical characteristics varied with the type of viral infection. The greatest effect was on fatty acids and the least on the total amino acids. In general, peanuts infected with the necrosis strain showed: (1) a decrease in the percentages of stearic and oleic acids, while linoleic, arachidic, behenic, and lignoceric acids increased, (2) increases in the levels of the free amino acids glycine, alanine, isoleucine, histidine, lysine, and arginine, and (3) the total amino acids exhibited a slight decrease in aspartic acid and a slight increase in methionine. Peanuts infected with the mild strain generallly showed: (1) a slight increase in linoleic acid, (2) little effect on the free amino acids, and (3) a small increase in tyrosine and a slight decrease in serine and aspartic acid for the total amino acids. No treatment effect was noted on protein content.

Automated Determination of Free Amino Groups in Serum and Plasma Using 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzene Sulfonate

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 891-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
D W Palmer ◽  
T Peters
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Amino Groups ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Total Free Amino Acids ◽  
Colored Complexes ◽  
Automated Determination

Abstract A simple automated method is described for determining the level of total free amino acids in the blood. The method utilizes the AutoAnalyzer, and is based on the formation of colored complexes by uniting free amino groups with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonate (TNBS). Proteins do not interfere because the free amino acids are first separated by dialysis. Characteristics of the reaction and potential clinical applications of the procedure are discussed.

Influence of Time of Fast on Concentrations of Free Amino Acids in Plasma and Total Amino Acids in Liver Protein of Young Swine

1970 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 885-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Typpo ◽  
R. J. Meade ◽  
J. W. Nordstrom ◽  
W. L. Stockland
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Liver Protein ◽  
Total Amino Acids
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