scholarly journals Correlation of extractable soil phosphorus (P) with plant P uptake: 14 extraction methods applied to 50 agricultural soils from Central Europe

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 192-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zehetner Franz ◽  
Wuenscher Rosemarie ◽  
Peticzka Robert ◽  
Unterfrauner Hans
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Ammonium Oxalate ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Neutral Salt ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
Total P

The aim of this study was to test different soil phosphorus (P) extraction methods in relation to plant P uptake. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted with spring wheat. The soils were extracted with the following methods/extractants: H<sub>2</sub>O, CaCl<sub>2</sub>, LiCl, iron oxide impregnated filter papers (Fe-oxide P<sub>i</sub>), Olsen, calcium-acetate-lactate (CAL), cation and anion exchange membranes (CAEM), Mehlich 3, Bray and Kurtz II (Bray II), citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite, organic P, HCl, acid ammonium oxalate, total P. Plant P uptake was in the range of the P extracted by neutral salt solutions (CaCl<sub>2</sub>, LiCl). P extracted with H<sub>2</sub>O, CaCl<sub>2</sub> and CAEM correlated best with plant P uptake over one growing season, while several established soil P test methods, including CAL, Mehlich 3 and Bray II, did not show significant correlations. When grouping the soils according to pH, the weaker extraction methods (H<sub>2</sub>O, CaCl<sub>2</sub>, LiCl) showed significant correlations with plant P uptake only for the low and intermediate pH groups (pH in 1 mol/L KCl ≤ 6.6), while some of the stronger extraction methods (CAL, Mehlich 3, Bray II, dithionite, oxalate, total P) showed significant correlations only for the high pH group (&gt; 6.6) comprised of calcareous soils. It was concluded that weaker P extraction methods, especially neutral salt solutions best predict plant-available P in the short term. However, they do not perform well for calcareous (and clayey) soils and do not account for P that may become available beyond one growing season.

scholarly journals Relative Suitability of Phosphorus Extraction Procedures for F Tropical Ferralsol

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
J. S. Tenywa ◽  
E. Odama ◽  
A. K. Amoding
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
Phosphorus Extraction ◽  
P Application

Purpose: To evaluate the predictive capacity common procedures for soil P extraction and testing in laboratories in the region. Materials and Methods: A pot study with treatments viz. soil phosphorus extraction methods (Bray I, Bray II and Mehlich 3), and six P application rates (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg P ha-1). Maize (Zea mays L.) variety Longe IV was the test crop. A Ferralsol from northwestern Uganda (West Nile) was used in this study. Results and Conclusion: Mehlich 3 correlated most with plant P uptake by presenting the highest correlation coefficient with plant P content (r = 0.254) and a number of leaves per plant (r = 0.733). A strong positive correlation existed between Bray I and Mehlich 3 extractable P values (r = 0.975), suggesting lack of a marked difference between them; implying that either of the two procedures could be applied for soil P extraction in Ferralsols. However, Mehlich 3, being a multi-nutrient extractant, was recommended as the most suitable for P extraction for the Ferralsol used in this study.

scholarly journals A Dual Isotope Protocol to Separate the Contributions to Phosphorus Content of Maize Shoots and Soil Phosphorus Fractions from Biosolids, Fertilizer and Soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-242
Author(s):  
JEAN DAVIS ◽  
RICHARD J FLAVEL ◽  
GRAEME BLAIR
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Dual Isotope ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Biosolids Application ◽  
Total P

Separation of the phosphorus (P) contributions from soil, fertilizer and biosolids to plants has not been possible without the aid of radioisotopes. Dual labelling of soil with 32P and fertilizer with 33P isotopes has been used to partition the sources of P in maize (Zea mays) shoots and in soil P pools. Biosolids containing 4.1% P that had been prepared using Fe and Al were applied to a Kurosol soil from Goulburn, NSW, Australia. The biosolids were applied at five rates up to 60 dry t/ha with and without P fertilizer. Phosphorus derived from fertilizer was determined directly with33 P and that from soil by32 P reverse dilution. Phosphorus derived from biosolids was estimated as the difference between total P and that derived from the soil plus fertilizer calculated from isotope data. Yield and P content of maize shoots increased linearly with the rate of biosolidsapplication. The proportion of P in the plant derived from biosolids also increased with application rate up to 88% for the soil receiving biosolids at 60 dry t/ha with no fertilizer. The corresponding value with fertilizer applied at 80 kg P/ha was 69%. The proportion of P in the maize shoots derived from soil and fertilizer decreased as biosolids application rate increased. Soil total P, bicarbonate extractable P, Al-P, Fe-P and Ca-P increased with biosolids application rate. The increase in plant P uptake and in bicarbonate extractable P in the soil shows that biosolids P provides a readily available source of P. A decrease in uptake of fertilizer and soil P with increasing biosolids application is attributed to the decrease in the proportion of P from these sources in the total pool of available P, rather than to immobilization of P by Fe and Al in the biosolids.

scholarly journals Soil phosphorus bioavailability as influenced by long-term management and applied phosphorus source

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-304
Author(s):  
Tandra D. Fraser ◽  
Derek H. Lynch ◽  
Ivan P. O’Halloran ◽  
R. Paul Voroney ◽  
Martin H. Entz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Fractionation ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
Term Management

Soil phosphorus (P) availability may be impacted by management practices, thereby affecting plant P uptake and plant response to P amendments. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of long-term management on soil P pools and to assess the response of P bioavailability, plant growth, and P uptake to mineral versus manure P treatments. Soils were collected from plots under organic (ORG), organic with composted manure (ORG + M), conventional (CONV), and restored prairie (PRA) management. Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) seedlings were grown in the greenhouse for 106 d in soils amended with various rates of manure or mineral P. The ORG soil had lower concentrations of labile P (resin-P and NaHCO3-P) compared with the CONV and PRA soils, as determined by sequential P fractionation prior to planting. Ryegrass biomass (root + shoot) and shoot P uptake from soils receiving no P were significantly lower for the ORG than all other management systems. Although apparent P use efficiency of the whole plant was increased by low P rate in the ORG management system, the source of applied P, manure > mineral, only influenced Olsen test P.

scholarly journals The Impact of Biofertilizers and NPK Fertilizers Application on Soil Phosphorus Availability and Yield of Upland Rice in Tropic Dry Land

2021 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 03012
Author(s):  
B.N. Fitriatin ◽  
V.F. Dewi ◽  
A. Yuniarti
Keyword(s):  
Upland Rice ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Phosphorus Availability ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
Nutrients Availability ◽  
The Impact

Dry land in Indonesia is dominated by marginal soil which have low macro nutrient content, low organic matter content and low soil microbial activity. Improving soil quality it is necessary to increase nutrients availability such as biofertilizers application. Biofertilizers contains beneficial microbial inoculants to increase soil nutrient availability. The use of biofertilizers combined with NPK fertilizer will increase macro nutrients availability and optimize plant growth, thus will increase fertilizers efficiency. This experiment was carried out to study the impact of biofertilizers on available-P, plant P-uptake and yield of upland rice at Land Research of Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Padjadjaran. This experiment used a randomized block design consisting of ten treatments and three replications The treatments consisted with two doses of biofertilizers (50 kg ha-1 and 75 kg ha-1) and three doses of N,P,K fertilizers (100%, 75%, and 50% from recommended doses). Biofertilizers contains N-fixing bacteria and phosphate solubilizing microbes. The result of experiment showed that application of biofertilizers 75 kg ha-1 and biofertilizers 50 kg ha-1 + N, P, K 50% increased soil phosphorus availability. The application of biofertilizers increased P-uptake up to 81%. Futhermore, biofertilizers 75 kg ha-1 + N, P, K 75% increased the yield of upland rice by 164%.

scholarly journals Four soil phosphorus (P) tests evaluated by plant P uptake and P balancing in the Ultuna long-term field experiment

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 441-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarosch Klaus A ◽  
Santner Jakob ◽  
Parvage Mohammed Masud ◽  
Gerzabek Martin Hubert ◽  
Zehetner Franz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
Soil P Tests ◽  
Water Extractable ◽  
Term Field

Soil phosphorus (P) availability was assessed with four different soil P tests on seven soils of the Ultuna long-term field experiment (Sweden). These four soil P tests were (1) P-H<sub>2</sub>O (water extractable P); (2) P-H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>C10</sub> (water extractable P upon 10 consecutive extractions); (3) P-AL (ammonium lactate extractable P) and (4) P-C<sub>DGT</sub> (P desorbable using diffusive gradients in thin films). The suitability of these soil P tests to predict P availability was assessed by correlation with plant P uptake (mean of preceding 11 years) and soil P balancing (input vs. output on plot level for a period of 54 years). The ability to predict these parameters was in the order P-H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>C10</sub> &gt; P-C<sub>DGT</sub> &gt; P-H<sub>2</sub>O &gt; P-AL. Thus, methods considering the P-resupply from the soil solid phase to soil solution performed clearly better than equilibrium-based extractions. Our findings suggest that the P-AL test, commonly used for P-fertilizer recommendations in Sweden, could not predict plant P uptake and the soil P balance in a satisfying way in the analysed soils.

scholarly journals Evaluation of phosphorus mobility in soil using different extraction methods

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kulhánek ◽  
J. Balík ◽  
J. Černý ◽  
V. Vaněk
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
P Fractionation ◽  
Aqua Regia ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Soil Solution P ◽  
Total P ◽  
Term Field

Soil samples (from Czech and German long-term field experiments) were used to estimate different soil phosphorus (P) fractions. More than 200 topsoil (0–30 cm) samples from different fertilizing treatments were taken. These were analyzed for P in soil solution (P<sub>CaCl2</sub>) [0.01M CaCl<sub>2</sub> extract], exchangeable sorbed P (P<sub>ex</sub>) [anion exchange (AE) membranes] and bioavailable P [Doppel-Lactat and Mehlich 3 (P<sub>DL</sub> and P<sub>M3</sub>)]. Other fractions analyzed were total inorganic (P<sub>in</sub>), total (P<sub>M-tot</sub>) and organic (P<sub>org</sub>) P [fractionation after Marks], P sorbed on Fe and Al (P<sub>FeAl</sub>) [fractionation after Schwertmann] and residual P (P<sub>ar</sub>) [aqua regia extract]. Comparison of medians appeared to be better for evaluating extraction abilities. Phosphorus fractions were in the following order: (P<sub>ar</sub> = 100%); P<sub>CaCl2</sub> (0.2%) < P<sub>ex</sub> (9%) < P<sub>DL</sub> (10%) < P<sub>M3 </sub> (16%) < P<sub>in</sub> (24%) < P<sub>org</sub> (37%) < P<sub>FeAl</sub> (55%) < P<sub>M-tot</sub> (59%). Low amounts of P<sub>in</sub>, P<sub>org</sub> and P<sub>M-tot</sub> did not verify the applicability of the Marks’ fractionation for the set of studied soils. Close correlations at <I>P</I> ≤ 0.001 were found for all methods for estimating the fractions of bioavailable phosphates (P<sub>CaCl2</sub>, P<sub>ex</sub>, P<sub>DL</sub> and P<sub>M3</sub>). Statistically significant relations were observed between P<sub>in</sub> with P<sub>ar</sub>, P<sub>M-tot</sub> and P<sub>FeAl</sub>.

scholarly journals Degree of Phosphorus Saturation and Soil Phosphorus Thresholds in an Ultisol Amended with Triple Superphosphate and Phosphate Rocks

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 1421-1441 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Gikonyo ◽  
A. R. Zaharah ◽  
M. M. Hanafi ◽  
A. R. Anuar
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Ammonium Oxalate ◽  
Paper Strip ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
Phosphate Rocks ◽  
Exponential Functions ◽  
P Release ◽  
P Rate ◽  
Total P

Soil phosphorus (P) release capability could be assessed through the degree of P saturation (DPS). Our main objective was to determine DPS and, hence, P threshold DPS values of an Ultisol treated with triple superphosphate (TSP), Gafsa phosphate rocks (GPR), or Christmas Island phosphate rocks (CIPR), plus or minus manure. P release was determined by the iron oxide—impregnated paper strip (strip P), while DPS was determined from ammonium oxalate—extractable aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), and P. Soils were sampled from a closed incubation study involving soils treated with TSP, GPR, and CIPR at 0–400 mg P kg-1, and a field study where soils were fertilized with the same P sources at 100–300 kg P ha-1plus or minus manure. The DPS was significantly influenced by P source x P rate, P source x manure (incubated soils), and by P source x P rate x time (field-sampled soils). Incubated soil results indicated that both initial P and total strip P were related to DPS by exponential functions: initial strip P = 1.38exp0.18DPS, R2= 0.82** and total strip P = 8.01exp0.13DPS, R2 = 0.65**. Initial strip P was linearly related to total P; total P = 2.45, initial P + 8.41, R2= 0.85**. The threshold DPS value established was about 22% (incubated soil). Field soils had lower DPS values <12% and strip P was related to initial DPS and average DPS in exponential functions: strip P = 2.6exp0.44DPS, R2= 0.77** and strip P = 1.1DPS2— 2.4DPS + 6.2, R2= 0.58**, respectively. The threshold values were both at ≈8% and P release was 11–14 mg P kg-1. Results are evident that DPS can be used to predict P release, but the threshold values are environmentally sensitive; hence, recommendations should be based on field trials.

scholarly journals Sulfur-Enriched Bone Char as Alternative P Fertilizer: Spectroscopic, Wet Chemical, and Yield Response Evaluation

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Zimmer ◽  
Kerstin Panten ◽  
Marcus Frank ◽  
Armin Springer ◽  
Peter Leinweber
Keyword(s):  
Plant Root ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Bone Char ◽  
Plant Interactions ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
P Fertilizer

Phosphorus- (P) rich bone char (BC) could be an alternative P fertilizer in sustainable agriculture; however, it has a low P solubility. Therefore, sulfur-enriched BC (BCplus) was tested for chemical composition and fertilization effects in a pot experiment. In BCplus sulfur, concentrations increased from <0.1% to 27% and pH decreased from 8.6 to 5.0. These modifications did not change P solubility in water, neutral ammonium citrate, and citric acid. A pot experiment with annual rye grass (Lolium multiflorum L.) and treatments without P (P0), BC, BCplus and triple superphosphate (TSP) was set up. The cumulative dry matter yield of the BC treatment was similar to P0, and that of BCplus similar to TSP. The plant P uptake was in the order P0 = BC < BCplus < TSP. Consequently, the apparent nutrient recovery efficiency differed significantly between BC (<3%), BCplus (10% to 15%), and TSP (>18%). The tested equilibrium extractions, regularly used to classify mineral P-fertilizers, failed to predict differences in plant yield and P uptake. Therefore, non-equilibrium extraction methods should be tested in combination with pot experiments. Additionally, particle-plant root scale analyses and long-term experiments are necessary to gain insights into fertilizer-plant interactions.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of soil phosphorus tests in predicting the potential risk of phosphorus loss from pasture soil

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 265 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. SOINNE ◽  
K. SAARIJÄRVI ◽  
M. KARPPINEN
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Soil Extraction ◽  
P Loss ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Total P

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of urine and dung additions on the phosphorus (P) chemistry of pasture land and to compare the sensitivity of two soil extraction methods in assessing the P-loading risk. In a field experiment, urine and dung were added to soil in amounts corresponding to single excrement portions and the soil samples, taken at certain intervals, were analysed for pHH2O, acid ammonium acetate extractable P (PAc) and water extractable total P (TPw), and molybdate reactive P (MRPw). Urine additions immediately increased soil pH and MRPw, but no such response was observed in PAc extraction due to the low pH (4.65) of the extractant enhancing the resorption of P. The PAc responded to the dunginduced increase in soil total P similarly as did Pw, which suggests that both tests can serve to detect areas of high P concentration. However, water extraction was a more sensitive method for estimating short-term changes in P solubility. In pasture soils, the risk of P loss increases as a result of the interaction of urination and high P concentration in the topsoil resulting from continuous dung excretion.;

scholarly journals Exogenous phosphorus compounds interact with nitrogen availability to regulate dynamics of soil inorganic phosphorus fractions in a meadow steppe

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 4293-4306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heyong Liu ◽  
Ruzhen Wang ◽  
Hongyi Wang ◽  
Yanzhuo Cao ◽  
Feike A. Dijkstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Phosphorus Compounds ◽  
Calcareous Grassland ◽  
Available P ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
Soil Available P ◽  
P Addition ◽  
Total P

Abstract. Here we investigated the effects of P compounds (KH2PO4 and Ca(H2PO4)2) with different addition rates of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 kg P ha−1 yr−1 and NH4NO3 addition (0 and 100 kg N ha−1 yr−1) on soil labile inorganic phosphorus (IP) (dicalcium phosphate, Ca2-P), moderate-cycling IP, and recalcitrant IP fractions in a calcareous grassland of northeastern China. Soil moderate-cycling IP fractions, not readily available to plants but transforming into soil-available P quickly, include variscite (Al-P), strengite (Fe-P) and octacalcium phosphate (Ca8-P); recalcitrant IP fractions include hydroxylapatite (Ca10-P) and occluded P (O-P). Soil labile and moderate-cycling IP fractions and total P significantly increased with increasing P addition rates, with higher concentrations detected for KH2PO4 than for Ca(H2PO4)2 addition. Combined N and P treatments showed lower soil labile IP and moderate-cycling IP fractions compared to ambient N conditions, due to enhanced plant productivity. Moderate-cycling IP was mainly regulated by P addition and plant P uptake to further enhance labile IP and total P concentrations with KH2PO4 and Ca(H2PO4)2 addition. Soil labile IP was also directly and negatively affected by soil pH and plant P uptake with Ca(H2PO4)2 addition. Ca(H2PO4)2 addition significantly increased the soil recalcitrant IP (Ca10-P) fraction, while KH2PO4 addition showed no impact on it. A significant positive correlation was detected between soil labile IP, moderate-cycling IP fractions and soil Olsen-P which illustrated that labile IP and moderate-cycling IP fractions were important sources for soil-available P. Our results suggest that moderate-cycling IP fractions are essential for grassland P biogeochemical cycling and the chemical form of P fertilizer should be considered during fertilization management for maintaining soil-available P.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document