IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRODUCTIVE TRAITS OF DAIRY CATTLE IN FARMS OF THE OREL REGION

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of using dried stoned olive pomace (DSOP) as a feed supplement for dairy cattle on productive performances and milk quality traits. Control (C) and experimental (E) diets were formulated and offered to lactating Italian Holstein cows placed into two groups (five cows each) that were homogenous for liveweight (630.8 vs 667.2 kg) and for the main physiological and productive traits. The E group received 1.181 kg on dry matter (DM) basis of DSOP as a part of the concentrates pool. The C group was fed an isoenergetic (0.90 milk forage units (FU) /kg DM) and isoprotein (161.4 g/kg DM crude protein (CP)) ration but without the inclusion of DSOP. DM intake was 21 kg/day and the experiment lasted 40 days. There were no significant effects of diet on cattle performance (liveweight and body condition score), milk yield and quality (fat, protein, lactose, urea) or coagulation traits (pH, r, K20, A30). The results showed that the inclusion of DSOP (5.61% of the total diet on DM basis) is not related to detrimental effects and could represent a valid supplement for dairy cattle.

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Evaluation of the productive qualities of donor cows and cow’s families by transmission capacity

Genetika i razvedenie zhivotnyh ◽

10.31043/2410-2733-2021-1-67-73 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 67-73

Author(s):

J. Turlova

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Transmission Capacity ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Milk Productivity ◽

Additional Criterion ◽

Objective Information ◽

Linear Profiles ◽

Productive Traits ◽

Donor Cows

Purpose: To assess the productive qualities of donor cows, taking into account the transmitting capacity of their families. To study the possibility of using this criterion to predict the breeding qualities of descendants.Materials and methods. The assessment of the transmitting ability of animals was carried out according to the System for assessing the breeding qualities of dairy cattle by transmitting ability (2010). A genealogical database of first-calf heifers in herd «Petrovsky» (more than 9500 heads) has been formed. The estimation of the transmitting capacity of productive traits of 111 families, to which 132 cows from the donor herd belonged, was carried out.Results. It was found that 44 donors belonged to the «best» families in terms of milk yield and 348 embryos were frozen from them. From 31 donors from the «worst» families in terms of milk yield, 199 embryos were frozen. Linear profiles of families were compiled according to the characteristics of their transmitting capacity for five indicators of milk productivity. It is shown that the probability that the descendants of cows from the «worst» families in terms of transmitting ability will have high rates for the trait we are interested in is approximately 18–20%. In families of the «best» category, this probability is 45% or more.Conclusion. Evaluation of productive traits in terms of transmitting capacity is an important additional criterion when choosing the most valuable cows as embryo’s donor. Compilation of linear profiles of families allows you to obtain objective information about their breeding value in relation to productive traits.

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Effects of Retinoic Acid and 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 on IFN-gamma Secretion by Mononuclear Leukocytes from Nulliparous and Postparturient Dairy Cattle

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831.70.3.92 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 70 (3) ◽

pp. 92-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Burim Ametaj ◽

Brian Nonnecke ◽

Ronald Horst ◽

Donald Beitz

Keyword(s):

Retinoic Acid ◽

Dairy Cattle ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Dairy Cow ◽

Pokeweed Mitogen ◽

Mononuclear Leukocytes ◽

Combined Effects ◽

Ifn Gamma ◽

Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽

1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D

Individual and combined effects of several isomers of retinoic acid (RA) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3) on interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) secretion by blood mononuclear leukocytes (MNL) from nulliparous and postparturient Holstein cattle were evaluated in vitro. In the first experiment, effects on incubation period (24 to 72 hours) and time of supplementation (0 to 32 hours) with all-trans, 9-cis, 13-cis-, and 9,13-dicis-RAs (0 to 100 nM) on IFN-gamma secretion by pokeweed mitogen (PWM)-stimulated (0 and 10 mug/ml) MNL from nulliparous cattle were evaluated. In the second experiment, MNL from postparturient cows (bled at 0, 2, 4, and 16 days postpartum) were stimulated with PWM (0 and 10 mug/ml) in the presence of RA isomers (9-cis- or 9,13-dicis-RA; 0 to 100 nM), 1,25-(OH)2D3 (0 to 100 nM), or with combinations of these metabolites. The results show that individual isomers of RA had no effect on IFN-gamma secretion by PWM-stimulated MNL from nulliparous or postparturient cows. Furthermore 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 inhibited IFN-gamma secretion by MNL from nulliparous and postparturient dairy cows; however, the degree of inhibition was greater when 9-cis- and 9,13-dicis-RA were also present in the cultures. Finally mononuclear leukocytes from postparturient dairy cows produced substantially less IFN-gamma than did MNL from nulliparous cattle. It is concluded that retinoic acids individually did not affect the capacity of leukocytes from dairy cattle to secrete IFN-gamma. This result is in marked contrast to studies in monogastric species indicating that RAs inhibit IFN-gamma secretion by peripheral blood T cells. Inhibition of IFN-gamma secretion by 1,25-(OH)2D3 was potentiated by 9-cis- and 9,13-di-cis-retinoics acids, suggesting that an excess of dietary vitamins A and D may compromise further the naturally immunosuppressed postparturient dairy cow. Additional research is necessary to determine if the combined effects of these metabolites on IFN-gamma secretion represent an increased susceptibility of the dairy cow to infectious diseases during the periparturient period. Lower secretion of IFN-gamma by MNL from postpartutient dairy cows, relative to nulliparous cattle, suggests that recently-calved cows are naturally immunosuppressed.

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