scholarly journals Methodological Issues for a Landscape-Changing Analysis in Adaptive Excess Water Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalma Varga ◽  
Nóra Hubayné Horváth
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Excess Water

scholarly journals Sentinel-1 and -2 Based near Real Time Inland Excess Water Mapping for Optimized Water Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boudewijn van Leeuwen ◽  
Zalán Tobak ◽  
Ferenc Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Excess Water ◽  
Frequent Monitoring

Changing climate is expected to cause more extreme weather patterns in many parts of the world. In the Carpathian Basin, it is expected that the frequency of intensive precipitation will increase causing inland excess water (IEW) in parts of the plains more frequently, while currently the phenomenon already causes great damage. This research presents and validates a new methodology to determine the extent of these floods using a combination of passive and active remote sensing data. The method can be used to monitor IEW over large areas in a fully automated way based on freely available Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 remote sensing imagery. The method is validated for two IEW periods in 2016 and 2018 using high-resolution optical satellite data and aerial photographs. Compared to earlier remote sensing data-based methods, our method can be applied under unfavorite weather conditions, does not need human interaction and gives accurate results for inundations larger than 1000 m2. The overall accuracy of the classification exceeds 99%; however, smaller IEW patches are underestimated due to the spatial resolution of the input data. Knowledge on the location and duration of the inundations helps to take operational measures against the water but is also required to determine the possibilities for storage of water for dry periods. The frequent monitoring of the floods supports sustainable water management in the area better than the methods currently employed.

Effect of Channel Geometry on Two-Phase Flow Structure in Fuel Cell Gas Channels

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cody D. Rath ◽  
Satish G. Kandlikar
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Excess Water

Water management issues continue to be a major concern for the performance of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells. Maintaining the optimal amount of hydration can ensure that the cell is operating properly and with high efficiency. There are several components that can affect water management, however one area that has received increased attention is the interface between the gas diffusion layer (GDL) and the gas reactant channels where excess water has a tendency to build up and block reactant gasses. One key parameter that can affect this build up is the geometry of the microchannels. The work presented here proposes an optimal trapezoidal geometry which will aid in the removal of excess water in the gas channels. The Concus-Finn condition is applied to the channel surfaces and GDL to ensure the water will be drawn away from GDL surface and wicked to the top corner of the channel. An ex situ setup is designed to establish the validity of the Concus-Finn application. Once validated, this condition is then used to design optimal channel geometries for water removal in a PEM fuel cell gas channel.

scholarly journals Rekayasa Sistem Tata Air Lokasi Transmigrasi Palingkau Asri Lahan Usaha Satu SP-2 Di Wilayah Kabupaten Kapuas Propinsi Kalimantan Tengah

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
Prihanika Prihanika
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Water System ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Water Management System ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Excess Water ◽  
Simple Drainage

Agriculture land in the transmigration location of Palingkau Asri is one of the development locations for tidal land development in Kalimantan. In its development this location has been divided into three settlement areas (SP), one of them is the SP-2. The focus of this research is Lahan Usaha Satu at SP-2. There are already irrigation networks consisting of irrigation channels (a simple drainage system) in the form of primary pilot channels, primary auxiliary channels, and tertiary channels. The main problems of this location include the excess of water that occurs in rainy seasons and a water system that does not function properly. To overcome these problems research was carried out in the following steps. Firstly, primary and secondary data were taken. Secondly, the water system optimization was examined using a mathematical model that was solved by using the HEC-RAS software package. Lastly, the problem of the excess water (floods) was solved by determining a dike height for a period of 25 years and optimizing the water system with water management structures such as watergates. The results indicated that the existing water management system still can handle the excess of water although the tertiary channels were overflowed (channel of T2, T4, T6, T12) especially at T6, where the overflow reached a maximum value of 1.1 m. The simulation with HEC-RAS

scholarly journals Excess water storage depth—a water management practice to control simetryn and thiobencarb runoff from paddy fields

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thai Khanh Phong ◽  
Hirozumi Watanabe ◽  
Thai Quoc Hien ◽  
Son Hong Vu ◽  
Taku Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Excess Water ◽  
Water Management Practice

scholarly journals Automated Irrigation and Smart Farming

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S3) ◽  
pp. 1450-1452
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Cognitive Computing ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Moisture Sensor ◽  
Soil Moisture Sensor ◽  
Excess Water ◽  
Smart Farming ◽  
The World

Industry 4.0 has already arrived in the world and is leaving no stone unturned. It can be quickly summarized into just 4 components being, Cyber- physical systems, IOT, Cloud Computing and Cognitive computing. Current technologies, which uses soil moisture sensor require hard wiring and manual interventions. Other timer technologies irrigate the plants at certain interval without checking the need. In the proposed system, robotics with Artificial Intelligence are integrated with IoT systems to allow the farmer who is available at a different location than the farm to get the necessary updates involving the irrigation process taking place in the field. The system will also drain the excess water. The proposed system would allow better water management, higher yield and reduce the required manpower

A Soil Water Balance Model for Subsurface Water Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 633-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey Kolars ◽  
Xinhua Jia ◽  
Dean D. Steele ◽  
Thomas F. Scherer
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Subsurface Water ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Water Management System ◽  
Excess Water ◽  
Scheduling Method

Abstract. Most cropland in the upper Midwest will experience periods of excess water and drought conditions during a growing season. When the objective is to produce high yields, effective use of a subsurface water management system can help provide optimal soil moisture conditions for growth. A subsurface water management system includes draining excess water from the soil profile through subsurface drainage (SSD), managing the water table through controlled drainage (CD), or adding water to the drainage system during dry conditions (Subirrigation – SI). Subsurface water management can become difficult when determining the time and amount needed for SSD and SI, and (or) the optimal water table (WT) depth when using CD due to water movement in both the upward and downward directions. In this study, a 21 ha field with CD, a 17-ha field with CD + SI, and a 16 ha control field (surface drained only) over clay loam and silty clay loam soils were used to evaluate subsurface water management scheduling for corn (2013) and soybean (2014). The Checkbook Irrigation Scheduling method (Lundstrom and Stegman, 1988) was modified to include an algorithm to estimate the daily water balance contribution due to upward flux (UF) from a shallow water table. For the 2013 growing season, the UF reduction of the daily soil moisture deficit (SMD) was minimal due to deeper WT over the growing season and there was little difference between the modified and original Checkbook methods. For the 2014 growing season, the SMD estimates from the Modified Checkbook method produced closer estimates to the in-field SMD compared to the original Checkbook method. Therefore, adding SSD and shallow WT contributions in the Checkbook method produces similar, if not more accurate, estimations of daily SMD that can be used for subsurface water management. Keywords: Checkbook irrigation scheduling method, Model development, Subirrigation, Subsurface drainage.

scholarly journals Analisis Ketersediaan Dan Kebutuhan Air Irigasi Pada Petak Sawah Di Daerah Irigasi Rawa Kecamatan Mandastana

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Andri Iriansyah ◽  
Fitriani Hayati ◽  
Fakhrurrazi Fakhrurrazi
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Tidal Water ◽  
Excess Water ◽  
Irrigation Channels

Kabupaten Barito Kuala adalah salah satu pemerintah kabupaten yang berbatasan dengan provinsi Kalimantan Tengah dan Kalimantan Selatan, Indonesia. Dalam musim hujan pada waktu pasang air Sungai Kapuas, Sungai Barito dan air kiriman dari Kabupaten Banjar yang berbatasan langsung dengan Kecamatan Mandastana dapat membanjiri sebagian besar wilayah ini dan mengakibatkan permukaan tanah tergenang terus menerus. Masalah yang dialami oleh persawahaan di Kecamatan Mandastana adalah masalah yang mempengaruhi tata kelola air terkait saluran irigasi yang ada di pertanian itu sendiri mengalami pasang surut air, yang bergerak naik turun yang disebabkan oleh pasang air pada Sungai Barito dan Sungai Kapuas, dimana pada saat pasang area persawahan mengalami kelebihan air. Metode perhitungan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode mock untuk perhitungan debit andalan dan neraca air dan metode penman dan standar KP-01 untuk perhitungan kebutuhan air. Berdasarkan analisis neraca air  (ketersediaan air dari curah hujan dikurang kebutuhan air disawah kondisi eksisting) didapat hasil 3,017 m3/detik, sehingga pada petak sawah terjadi kelebihan air, jadi apabila ingin dilakukan perluasan lahan persawahan ketersediaan air masih mencukupi untuk mengairi air di sawah. Abstract Barito Kuala Regency is one of the district governments that borders the provinces of Central Kalimantan and South Kalimantan, Indonesia. During the rainy season at the time of the tide of the Kapuas River, the Barito River and consignment water from Banjar Regency, which is directly adjacent to Mandastana District, can overwhelm most of this area and result in continuous inundation of the land surface. The problem experienced by the field in Mandastana Subdistrict is a problem that affects water management related to irrigation channels in agriculture itself which experiences tidal water, which moves up and down caused by tides on the Barito River and Kapuas River, where at the time of tide the area rice fields experience excess water. The calculation method used in this study is the mock method for calculating the mainstay discharge and water balance and penman method and the KP-01 standard for calculating water requirements. Based on the analysis of water balance (availability of water from rainfall minus water requirements under existing conditions) obtained results of 3.017 m3 / sec, so that the paddy fields occur excess water, so if you want to expand rice fields the availability of water is still sufficient to irrigate water in the fields.

Effects of compression during formation on the microstructure of composite hydroxylapatite/plaster implants for bone reconstruction

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 750-751
Author(s):  
J. Hanker ◽  
K. Cowden ◽  
R. Noecker ◽  
P. Yates ◽  
N. Georgiade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cosmetic Surgery ◽  
Glass Plate ◽  
Surgical Reconstruction ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Sintered Ceramic ◽  
Setting Times ◽  
Excess Water ◽  
Mixture Prior ◽  
Mechanical Strengths ◽  
Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate

Composites of plaster of Paris (PP) and hydroxylapatite (HA) particles are being applied for the surgical reconstruction of craniofacial bone defects and for cosmetic surgery. Two types of HA particles are being employed, the dense sintered ceramic (DHA) and the porous, coralline hydroxylapatite (PHA) particles. Excess water is expressed out of the moistened HA/PP mixture prior to implantation and setting by pressing it in a non-tapered syringe against a glass plate. This results in implants with faster setting times and greater mechanical strengths. It was therefore of interest to compare samples of the compressed versus noncompressed mixtures to see whether or not any changes in their microstructure after setting could be related to these different properties.USG Medical Grade Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate (which has the lowest mortar consistency of any known plaster) was mixed with an equal weight of Interpore 200 particles (a commercial form of PHA). After moistening with a minimum amount of water, disc-shaped noncompressed samples were made by filling small holes (0.339 in. diameter x 0.053 in. deep) in polypropylene molds with a microspatula.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document