Chronic Perinatal Pain as a Risk Factor for Postpartum Depression Symptoms in Canadian Women

Background Exclusive breastfeeding has a wide range of benefits for maternal health. However, the benefit of exclusive breastfeeding for maternal mental health needs to be further explored. Research Aim To determine the moderating role of exclusive breastfeeding at 3 months on the association between prenatal and postpartum depression. Methods This study had a prospective, longitudinal, and comparative design with two groups and three assessment waves. The sample comprised 334 participants (70 depressed and 264 non-depressed) recruited at public health services in northern Portugal. Participants completed a measure of depression symptoms between the second and the third trimester of pregnancy and between 3 and 6 months, and a measure of breastfeeding status at 3 months. Results Exclusive breastfeeding at 3 months moderated the association between prenatal and postpartum depression. Participants with prenatal depression who were exclusively breastfeeding at 3 months showed fewer symptoms of depression and lower rates of depression between 3 and 6 months postpartum, compared to participants with prenatal depression who were not exclusively breastfeeding. Participants without prenatal depression who were exclusively breastfeeding at 3 months showed similar depression symptoms and similar rates of depression between 3 and 6 months postpartum, compared to participants without prenatal depression who were not exclusively breastfeeding. Conclusion Exclusive breastfeeding has a potential protective influence on postpartum depression among women with prenatal depression. Public health policies targeting women with prenatal depression should be implemented and include practices to promote and support exclusive breastfeeding in order to enhance women’s exclusive breastfeeding and mental health.

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Postpartum depression symptoms in survey-based research: a structural equation analysis

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-020-09999-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Che Wan Jasimah Bt Wan Mohamed Radzi ◽

Hashem Salarzadeh Jenatabadi ◽

Nadia Samsudin

Keyword(s):

Postpartum Depression ◽

Latent Variable ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Postpartum Women ◽

Unhealthy Food ◽

High Level

Abstract Background Since the last decade, postpartum depression (PPD) has been recognized as a significant public health problem, and several factors have been linked to PPD. Mothers at risk are rarely undetected and underdiagnosed. Our study aims to determine the factors leading to symptoms of depression using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis. In this research, we introduced a new framework for postpartum depression modeling for women. Methods We structured the model of this research to take into consideration the Malaysian culture in particular. A total of 387 postpartum women have completed the questionnaire. The symptoms of postpartum depression were examined using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and they act as a dependent variable in this research model. Results Four hundred fifty mothers were invited to participate in this research. 86% of the total distributed questionnaire received feedback. The majority of 79.6% of respondents were having depression symptoms. The highest coefficients of factor loading analysis obtained in every latent variable indicator were income (β = 0.77), screen time (β = 0.83), chips (β = 0.85), and anxiety (β = 0.88). Lifestyle, unhealthy food, and BMI variables were directly affected by the dependent variable. Based on the output, respondents with a high level of depression symptoms tended to consume more unhealthy food and had a high level of body mass indexes (BMI). The highest significant impact on depression level among postpartum women was unhealthy food consumption. Based on our model, the findings indicated that 76% of the variances stemmed from a variety of factors: socio-demographics, lifestyle, healthy food, unhealthy food, and BMI. The strength of the exogenous and endogenous variables in this research framework is strong. Conclusion The prevalence of postpartum women with depression symptoms in this study is considerably high. It is, therefore, imperative that postpartum women seek medical help to prevent postpartum depressive symptoms from worsening.

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Postpartum depression symptoms among Syrian refugee women living in Jordan

Research in Nursing & Health ◽

10.1002/nur.21919 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 (6) ◽

pp. 519-524 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Khitam I. Mohammad ◽

Doaa Abu Awad ◽

Debra K. Creedy ◽

Jenny Gamble

Keyword(s):

Postpartum Depression ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Refugee Women ◽

Syrian Refugee

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P.355 Delayed increase of perinatally downregulated serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentrations may be a risk factor of postpartum depression

European Neuropsychopharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.09.270 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. S207

Author(s):

T. Mikoteit ◽

N. Von Felten ◽

I. Hoesli ◽

S. Tschudin ◽

M. Hatzinger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Postpartum Depression ◽

Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor

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Risk Factors for Postpartum Depression During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Literature Review

Journal of Primary Care & Community Health ◽

10.1177/21501327211059348 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 215013272110593

Author(s):

Sadia Usmani ◽

Elona Greca ◽

Sana Javed ◽

Medha Sharath ◽

Zouina Sarfraz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Literature Review ◽

Postpartum Depression ◽

Systematic Literature Review ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Postpartum Women ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Symptoms Of Depression

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a devastating worldwide effect on mental health. Recent studies correlate the spreading of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with symptoms of depression, most prominent in postpartum women. Our systematic literature review scope is to identify the risk factors and predictors for postpartum depression (PPD) and describe the steps that should be taken to help postpartum women. This study will help clinicians, researchers, and policymakers to elucidate the predictors of PPD during this pandemic and prevent these adverse outcomes in future crises. Methods: We conducted a systematic search by employing databases PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Embase to identify articles published before March 2021. About 463 publications were generated during our search process and from those, 36 were reviewed, summarized, and synthesized. Studies qualified the criteria if they (1) utilized qualitative or quantitative design, (2) explored the risk factors for PPD, and (3) were written in English. Quality evaluation of each study was achieved by using criteria set by Lincoln and Guba. Results: Prevalence of depression symptoms ranged from 7% to 80.8% in postpartum women during the SARS-COV 2 pandemic. The risk factors for PPD were classified into 6 major categories: socio-demographic, psychological, pre-existing pathology, metabolic factors, previous events of miscarriage, and media misinformation. Conclusion: It is extremely vital to care for women’s mental health during pregnancy and after childbirth during these unprecedented times. This review urges the need to design adequate interventions for this vulnerable population to prevent negative consequences of PPD.

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Is Iron Deficiency a Risk Factor for Postpartum Depression? A Case-Control Study in the Gaza Strip, Palestine

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980021003761 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-21

Author(s):

Samar Hameed ◽

Ihab A. Naser ◽

Mohamed A. Ghussein ◽

Mohammed S. Ellulu

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Iron Deficiency ◽

Postpartum Depression ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Iron Status ◽

Gaza Strip ◽

Case Control ◽

Body Iron ◽

The Gaza Strip ◽

Control Study

Abstract Objective: This study aims to investigate the association between iron body status and postpartum depression (PPD) among mothers during the postpartum period. Design: This is a Case-Control study. Setting: Governmental primary health care centers in the Gaza Strip, Palestine. Participants: This study involved 300 mothers a month after delivery, with one 150 mothers that were recruited in the Cases group who were diagnosed with PPD based on Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) ≥10. The Control group included 150 mothers did not have PPD (EPDS <10). Body iron status represented by the index of sTfR/log Ferritin. Results: Among PPD mothers, 43.3% had low ferritin level vs. 15.3% for controls (P<0.001) and cases vs. controls difference in mean hemoglobin level was -0.61 (95% C.I -0.86, -0.35). The results of the Multiple Logistic Regression reported that there is a statistically significant association between PPD and the body iron status existed, as mothers who suffered from iron deficiency (ID) were three times more likely to have PPD (ORadj 3.25; p = 0.015). Furthermore, the results of the final regression model showed that the other factors that can lead to PPD are; absence of psychological guidance services (ORadj 8.54; p = 0.001), suffering from undesired feeling in the last pregnancy (ORadj 1.77; p = 0.034), in addition to having one of the mental health disorders in the last pregnancy (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Body iron status might be a risk factor for postpartum depression and other possibilities of. reverse causality may worsen the condition.

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Preterm birth as a risk factor for postpartum depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Affective Disorders ◽

10.1016/j.jad.2019.08.069 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 259 ◽

pp. 392-403 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Juliana Arantes Figueiredo de Paula Eduardo ◽

Marcos Gonçalves de Rezende ◽

Paulo Rossi Menezes ◽

Cristina Marta Del-Ben

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Postpartum Depression ◽

Meta Analysis

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Rumination, Depression, and Gender in Early Adolescence: A Longitudinal Study of a Bidirectional Model

The Journal of Early Adolescence ◽

10.1177/0272431617704956 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (7) ◽

pp. 923-946 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Elizabeth D. Krause ◽

Clorinda E. Vélez ◽

Rebecca Woo ◽

Brittany Hoffmann ◽

Derek R. Freres ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Longitudinal Studies ◽

Early Adolescence ◽

Early Adolescents ◽

Path Model ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Developmental Framework ◽

Gender Moderation ◽

And Gender

Recent research suggests that rumination may represent both a risk factor for and consequence of depression, especially among female samples. Nevertheless, few longitudinal studies have examined a reciprocal model of rumination and depression in early adolescence, just before rates of depression diverge by gender. The present study evaluated a cross-lagged path model of rumination and depression in a sample of 408 early adolescents. Gender moderation was also examined. Support was found for a longitudinal bidirectional model of rumination and depression but only among girls. For boys, increased rumination emerged as a consequence, not as a predictor, of depression symptoms. In early adolescence, rumination may be a greater risk factor for depression among girls than boys, whereas depression may be a significant vulnerability factor for increased rumination among both boys and girls. Why rumination may be more maladaptive for girls than boys is discussed within a psychosocial and developmental framework.

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