scholarly journals COMMUNICATION PATTERNS AMONG KIAIS OF NAHDLATUL ULAMA IN THE MADURESE ETHNIC GROUP

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 714
Author(s):  
Akhmad Haryono
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Communication Patterns ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
Ethnographic Approach ◽  
Patterns Of Communication ◽  
Nahdlatul Ulama

Research on communication patterns with an ethnographic approach has been conducted by many linguists, but apparently there has hardly been any  research  on communication patterns within an NU society with its strong paternalistic cultural background. In fact, the uniqueness of this culture also has had a major influence on NU members’ communication patterns in their daily interaction. This study aims to describe the communication patterns among kiais (venerated teachers of Islam) of Nahdlatul Ulama in the Madurese ethnic group (NUME) and account for the factors affecting those patterns of communication. A qualitative method with an ethnographic approach was applied to achieve this research’s objectives. The data were collected through participatory and non-participatory observations, interviews, note-taking, and recording. The recorded data were transcribed and analyzed descriptively using the components of speech analysis, conversational analysis, discourse analysis with pragmatic concepts, and explanation. This study found that giving an honor to the teacher in the NU tradition is an obligation and a tradition that is still maintained. This phenomenon is reflected in the patterns of communication among kiais that have teacher-student ties (KT-KS). The patterns of communication among kiais bearing teacher-students ties (KT-KS) are influenced by situational factors, i.e. formal and informal situations. In an informal situation the KT-KS patterns of communication are influenced by age differences. The age differences that affect the gaps of KT-KS patterns of communication both in formal and informal situations only find expression in the use of speech levels, while in terms of patterns of  language selection, tones of voice, body language, and turn-taking, the differences were not found.

Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: Surgical Results and Factors Affecting Outcome with Special Reference to Age Differences

Neurosurgery ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomosato Yamazaki ◽  
Kiyoyuki Yanaka ◽  
Hiroaki Sato ◽  
Kazuya Uemura ◽  
Atsuro Tsukada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy ◽  
Surgical Results ◽  
Factors Affecting

scholarly journals Sex ratio effects on reproductive strategies in humans

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 140402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Schacht ◽  
Monique Borgerhoff Mulder
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Reproductive Strategies ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Mating Effort ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Adult Sex Ratio ◽  
Using Data

Characterizations of coy females and ardent males are rooted in models of sexual selection that are increasingly outdated. Evolutionary feedbacks can strongly influence the sex roles and subsequent patterns of sex differentiated investment in mating effort, with a key component being the adult sex ratio (ASR). Using data from eight Makushi communities of southern Guyana, characterized by varying ASRs contingent on migration, we show that even within a single ethnic group, male mating effort varies in predictable ways with the ASR. At male-biased sex ratios, men's and women's investment in mating effort are indistinguishable; only when men are in the minority are they more inclined towards short-term, low investment relationships than women. Our results support the behavioural ecological tenet that reproductive strategies are predictable and contingent on varying situational factors.

scholarly journals AGE OF THE HOST AND OTHER FACTORS AFFECTING THE PRODUCTION WITH URETHANE OF PULMONARY ADENOMAS IN MICE

1951 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 427-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanfield Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Proliferative Activity ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Alveolar Cells ◽  
Pulmonary Tissue ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Neoplastic Change ◽  
Nuclear Changes ◽  
Old Mice

Young, rapidly growing mice are greatly more responsive to the adenoma-inducing influence of urethane than are those just arriving at maturity. This is manifest both in the proportion of animals developing the tumors and in their number per individual. An amount of urethane per gram body weight which suffices to induce adenomas in only an occasional 8-week-old animal will cause them to appear in quantity in more than half the 3-week-old mice injected. There is an almost absolute inverse correlation between the rate of growth of the pulmonary tissue between the ages of 2 and 10 weeks and the response to urethane in terms of adenomas. Hence the conclusion seems justified that the natural proliferative activity of the alveolar cells during youth plays a major part in the formation of the tumors. After the 6th week the age differences become relatively slight, yet there is reason to think that they continue in some degree as life goes on. Urethane has no effect to promote multiplication of the cells it has rendered neoplastic, its whole role being to initiate neoplastic change. The abnormalities induced by urethane in the nucleus of normal and neoplastic cells, as observed by previous workers, have suggested that the substance brings about the adenomatous state by acting upon the nucleus. But colchicine, also a karyolytic poison causing pronounced nuclear changes, does not alter in the least the yield of adenomas to urethane when administered concurrently. Nor does fasting influence the yield, though it markedly reduces mitotic activity. The meaning of these facts is discussed.

scholarly journals Mengkaji Ulang Pola Komunikasi Pemerintah Dalam Pemberdayaan Suku Anak Dalam di Provinsi Jambi

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Nahri Idris
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Communication Patterns ◽  
Patterns Of Communication ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
Negative Impacts

Governments, especially in Jambi province has attempted to empower suku anak dalam. Empowerment is also performed by the relevant stakeholders such as NGOs / NGOs and companies. Empowerment is still less show a success rate as expected. One reason for the communication patterns that still need to be improved. The pattern of empowerment, has brought negative impacts on suku anak dalam itself, such as the lack of self ability, materialistic and lead to conflict, both internal sukuanak dalam and with outside parties. Changing patterns of communication should be done with more emphasis on cognitive aspects for the change to be more quickly achieved. In this case refers to the change in Communicators, Message, Media and Audience.Keywords: Communications, Government, Empowerment, Suku Anak Dalam ABSTRAKPemerintah khususnya di Provinsi Jambi sudah berupaya melakukan pemberdayaan terhadap suku anak dalam. Pemberdayaan juga dilakukan oleh stakeholder terkait seperti LSM/NGO dan perusahaan. Pemberdayaan yang dilakukan masih kurang menunjukkan tingkat keberhasilan seperti yang diharapkan. Salah satu penyebabnya karena pola komunikasi yang masih perlu diperbaiki. Pola pemberdayaan selama ini menimbulkan dampak-dampak negatif terhadap suku anak dalam itu sendiri, seperti ketidak mandirian, materialistis dan menimbulkan konflik, baik internal suku anak dalam maupun dengan pihak luar. Perubahan pola komunikasi harus dilakukan dengan lebih menekankan aspek kognitif agar perubahan lebih cepat tercapai. Dalam hal ini perubahan merujuk kepada Komunikator, Pesan, Media, dan Khalayak.Kata Kunci: Komunikasi, Pemerintah, Pemberdayaan, Suku Anak Dalam

Competitive and Cooperative Decision-Making Groups

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothy Lenk Krueger
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sequential Analysis ◽  
Group Interaction ◽  
Communication Patterns ◽  
Sample Group ◽  
Lag Sequential Analysis ◽  
Patterns Of Communication ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Cooperative Decision Making

This study investigates differences among four decision-making groups and describes the patterns of communication unique to two groups. In the first part of the investigation, four decision-making groups are given either competitive or cooperative inducements and are compared on two measures: competition and satisfaction. The two groups given the competitive inducement (Groups I and III) were found to have significantly higher competition and lower satisfaction than the groups given cooperative inducements (Groups II and IV). In the second part of the study a lag sequential analysis is conducted on the coded communicative sequences in the highest and lowest competition groups (I and II, respectively). This analysis yields patterns to decision-making unique to each sample group. Group I's communication is characterized by highly probable (above-chance) sequences of disagreement messages and few probable agreement messages. Group II's communication patterns consist of highly probable sequences of decision development and probable agreement/support messages throughout the group interaction.

scholarly journals Communication in Training Future EFL Teachers: Simulation and Roleplay in the English Classroom

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Karina Muratovna Amirkhanova ◽  
Natalia Nikolaevna Bobyreva
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Communication Patterns ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Foreign Language Teachers ◽  
Parent Communication ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Pedagogical Competence ◽  
Study Process ◽  
English Classroom

The issue under investigation is topical and significant. Being a communicative language acquisition method, simulation and roleplays develop future teachers' language competencies and pedagogical competence, playing a unique role in forming teacher-student, teacher-parent communication patterns. The article aims at studying the place simulation/roleplay have in this process and its specific features. The authors describe how roleplays and simulations are introduced into the English classroom, examples of supplying study books with roleplay tasks. The methods applied to explore the problem were observation and questionnaire administered to the students at the end of the course. Their analysis has permitted the authors to arrive at several conclusions. The most remarkable conclusion is that introducing simulation/roleplay into the study process significantly influences students' communication skills and academic performance, forming their pedagogic competences and communication patterns. Furthermore, the findings revealed that simulation/roleplay in training foreign language teachers should be well-planned and organized; the author gives some advice concerning it. The study results could be highly substantial for teachers of universities preparing future foreign language teachers.

Examining the Economics of Prostitution Using Online Data

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Holt ◽  
Kristie R. Blevins ◽  
Sarah Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Sex Trade ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Sex Worker ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
Web Forums ◽  
Computer Mediated Communications

The exchanges between sex workers and their clients are often hidden from view, making it difficult to understand how the prices paid to sex workers vary depending on city, time of the year, where they solicit, and the demographics and attitudes of the sex worker. The Internet and computer-mediated communications, however, enable an investigation of prostitution as the customers of various sex workers discuss their sexual exploits and share tips and information with others online. This research uses data collected from 10 city-specific Web forums to examine the price structures of prostitution and the attitudinal, behavioral, and demographic factors affecting the prices paid to sex workers. The implications of this study for our understanding of the various environmental, individual, and situational factors that affect the supply and demand of the sex trade from the client’s perspective will be explored in detail.

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