scholarly journals Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Model STEM pada Konsep Terapung Melayang Tenggelam untuk Memfasilitasi Keterampilan Saintifik Anak Usia Dini

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-184
Author(s):  
Desi Arianti Santika ◽  
Edi Hendri Mulyana ◽  
Lutfi Nur
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Stem Learning ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Educational Design ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Group B ◽  
Scientific Skills ◽  
Design And Construction

This research is motivated by problems that occur in the field related to the use of STEM learning media in the concept of floating, floating and sinking which are limited and even lack of learning media facilities. The learning process in PAUD will be carried out optimally if it gets the support of relevant components and is very important in the delivery of information on the concept of learning materials in this case the learning media. STEM is an interdisciplinary merger of science related to science, technology, engineering and mathematics. STEM learning media model "Sink, Float and Fun" on the concept of floating, floating and sinking aims to facilitate the scientific skills of early childhood in group B. The scientific skills of children focused in this research are observing, classifying and communicating. Researchers use a mixed research approach (mix method) with the type of development, namely the EDR (Educational Design Research) method with 3 stages, namely the analysis and exploration phase is the first step by conducting literature studies and preliminary studies to the field to find the core research problems, design and construction of this product design development the researchers conducted the design and manufacture of the product being developed, and evaluation and reflection. However, in this study only up to stage II, namely to expert validation, where the results of the validation state that the STEM model of learning media is feasible to be used in the learning process with a slight revision. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh permasalahan yang terjadi dilapangan terkait dengan penggunaan media pembelajaran model STEM pada konsep terapung, melayang dan tenggelam yang terbatas bahkan kekurangan fasilitas media pembelajaran. Proses pembelajaran di PAUD akan terlaksana secara optimal apabila mendapatkan dukungan komponen yang relevan dan sangat berfungsi penting dalam penyampain informasi konsep materi pembelajaran dalam hal ini media pembelajaran. STEM merupakan penggabungan interdisiplin ilmu terkait sains, teknologi, teknik dan matematika. Media pembelajaran model STEM “Sink, Float and Fun” pada konsep terapung, melayang dan tenggelam bertujuan untuk memfasilitasi keterampilan saintifik anak usia dini kelompok B. Keterampilan saintifik anak yang difokuskan dalam penelitian ini yaitu mengamati (observasi), mengklasifikasi dan mengkomunikasikan. Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan penelitian campuran (mix method) dengan jenis pengembangan yaitu dengan metode penelitian EDR (Educational Design Researh) dengan 3 tahap, yaitu tahap analysis and exploration ini merupakan langkah pertama dengan melakukan studi literatur dan studi pendahuluan ke lapangan untuk menemukan inti permasalahan penelitian, design and construction pengembangan desain produk ini peneliti melakukan rancangan dan pembuatan terhadap produk yang dikembangkan,  dan evaluation and reflection. Namun dalam penelitian ini hanya sampai tahap II saja yaitu sampai validasi ahli, dimana hasil dari validasi menyatakan bahwa media pembelajaran model STEM layak untuk digunakan dalm proses pembelajaran dengan sedikit revisi.

IMPLEMENTING STEM APPROACH IN KINDERGARDEN

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 236-243
Author(s):  
Ivelina Velcheva ◽  
◽  
Kosta Garov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Learning By Doing ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Stem Learning ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Kindergarten Curriculum

The following work is devoted to the description of an innovative approach to kindergarten learning through the application of the methods of science, technology, engineering and mathematics, better known as STEM learning. The aim of the work is to increase popularity of the approach and stimulate teachers to implement it more often in the learning process. STEM increases children’s knowledge and skills, thanks to the interdisciplinarity, research approach, learning by playing, learning by doing, project-based and problem-based learning and the opportunity for touching to real-life situations. This paper addresses the main principles of STEM and the possibilities for realization different STEM situations, based on the kindergarten curriculum. Different digital tools are described, like programmable toys and devices and LEGO constructors. Various ideas for conducting experiments are presented, too. They are useful for increasing children’s motivation and interest in the approach. An example version of a plan for work on a STEM project is proposed, which includes the steps for its implementation and which is adapted to the expected learning results in the kindergarten.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR PERMAINAN FUN OUTBOUND MENCARI HARTA KARUN

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-106
Author(s):  
Winda Safitri ◽  
Sumardi Sumardi ◽  
Heri Yusuf Muslihin
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Educational Design ◽  
Material Development ◽  
Educational Design Research ◽  
Group B ◽  
Teacher Center ◽  
Expert Validation

The teaching generally refers to the curriculum that is applied to the school. Teachers are not yet able to develop their own teaching materials. Learning given to children at a young age is focuses on the direction of physical growth and development, language, intellectual, social, emotional, and all intelligence. The problem is that in the learning process it generally reveals only one - way materials by a teacher or teacher center, and the lecture study model. Where the child just sat listening while the teacher explained. Learning is more meaningful if the learning process is carried out experiental learning - that children do tightening in learning. In playing teachers need a manual on a game scenario to be given to learners. The purpose of this study to describe a design for material development a fun outbound game in search of treasure. The method used in this study is educational design research (edr). Data collection techniques interviews, documentation, and expert validation. Data subjects obtained from TK PGRI Lendrasari group b teacher, and validation by the expert validator. Expert validation becomes the product revision. Then the lesson would be a fun outbound book guide for a treasure in the early childhood. Bahan ajar pada umumnya mengacu pada kurikulum yang diterapkan di Sekolah. Guru belum mampu mengembangkan bahan ajar sendiri, guru masih berpacu pada satu bahan ajar yaitu kurikulum 2013. Pembelajaran yang diberikan kepada anak usia dini bukan berorientasi pada akademis saja, melainkan menitik beratkan kepada arah pertumbuhan dan perkembangan fisik, bahasa, intelektual, sosial, emosi serta seluruh kecerdasan. Permasalahan yang terjadi yaitu dalam proses pembelajaran yang dilakukan di dalam kelas, pada umumnya hanya mengungkapkan materi- materi satu arah oleh guru atau teacher center, dan model pembelajaran ceramah. Dimana anak hanya duduk mendengarkan ketika guru menjelaskan. Pembelajaran akan lebih bermakna jika proses pembelajaran dilakukan secara experiental learning yaitu anak melakukan pengindraan dalam belajar. Hampir semua aktivitas yang dilakukan oleh anak adalah bermain. Dalam bermain guru memerlukan buku panduan mengenai skenario permainan yang akan diberikan kepada anak didik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan rancangan desain pengembangan bahan ajar  permainan Fun Outbound mencari harta karun. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Educational Design Research (EDR). Penelitian ini berbasis desain atau rancangan produk dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data wawancara, dokumentasi, dan validasi ahli. Subjek data diperoleh dari guru kelompok B TK PGRI Lendrasari, dan validasi oleh validator ahli. Hasil validasi ahli menjadi bahan revisi produk. Dengan demikian kesimpulannya Bahan ajar berupa buku panduan permainan Fun Outbound mencari harta karun di PAUD layak digunakan.

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN ALAT PERAGA SEDERHANA BERBASIS STEM DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SAINS PADA SD/MI

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Dwi Purbaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Design Research ◽  
Educational Design ◽  
Educational Design Research ◽  
Design And Construction

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan media pembelajaran berupa kompor tenaga matahari berbasis STEM materi sains sekolah dasar untuk mendukung Kurikulum 2013. Penelitian ini sebagai solusi dari permasalahan pendidik mengenai pembelajaran menggunakan media pada Kurikulum 2013 dalam menghadapi tuntutan pendidikan abad 21. Diharapkan peserta didik memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan STEM secara terpadu yang dapat diterapkan mulai dari tingkat Sekolah Dasar (SD). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mendeskripsikan dasar kebutuhan pembelajaran menggunakan alat peraga berbasis STEM; 2) mengembangkan rancangan alat peraga sederhana berbasis STEM; 3) mendeskripsikan alat peraga sederhana bebasis STEM. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah model Educational Design Research (EDR) menurut McKenney & Reaves, yang terdiri dari tiga tahap yaitu: 1) Analysis and Exploration; 2) Design and Construction; 3) Evaluation and Reflection. Penelitian ini dilakukan sampai tahap kedua yaitu Design dan Construction. Alat peraga yang digunakan adalah kompor tenaga matahari yang dapat digunakan pada materi sumber energi. Pengembangan hasil rancangan alat peraga sederhana berbasis STEM dilakukan dengan menyusun RPP yang berpotensi, menganalisis KD berbasis STEM, dan menyiapkan alat maupun bahan yang digunakan dalam percobaan. Alat peraga sederhana berbasis STEM berbentuk kubus yang berasal dari kardus bekas, kemudian empat bagian atas tutup kardus dilapisi kertas silver yang berguna untuk memantulkan cahaya sebagai sumber panas.

scholarly journals Architectural Indicators

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jonathan Hay
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
Educational Design ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Design And Construction

<p>A political crisis is currently underway in New Zealand with a critical lack of affordable well-designed housing. Due to the presence in New Zealand of such vast timber resources and our enviable global location for export shipping, there are great economic and industry opportunities for the production of prefabricated timber housing. However, the contemporary architectural position on prefabrication is often limited by the inability to evidence individuality, diverse detailing and robust habitability with a predetermined production ‘formula’. This thesis argues that the anonymous open plan nature of prefabrication facilities is restricting prefabrication from achieving high levels of architectural design that evidence qualities of craft. This thesis argues that by using an interdisciplinary approach recognising qualities of shared authorship with prefabrication, this highly effective form of construction can satisfy a wider market while maintaining key architectural values of individuality (authorship), detailing (craft) and habitability (integrated technical functions, sustainability, etc.).  The design research explores how the design of a large-scale prefabrication facility can encourage craft and authorship within production processes. Similarly through design exploration the facility intends to provide a cohesive understanding and implementation of complex and specialised industry systems alongside production processes. The design also explores how the facility can provide an environment where this collaboration can be meaningfully encouraged, while also facilitating collaborative learning to resolve prefabrication design-related problems.  The site for the proposed new Trade Build Facility is on the border of Wellington’s operational port of Centre Port, on the south intersection of Waterloo Quay and Cornwell Street, Pipitea, alongside a resource of raw logs with multiple national and international transport modes. The thesis proposes the experimental design of a facility that focuses on timber beginning with the processing of the raw log at the input end, through to the pre-fabricated housing units at the output end. This thesis proposes a production facility that also takes on the role of an educational design vehicle for both the architect and the architectural student to develop and engage the latest technologies of design and construction in the field of prefabrication, providing them with the foundation for entering the complexities of the current architectural design profession. It is intended that users will witness the actual creation of a system of architecture, in a setting explicitly designed to enable these conditions to transform and evolve in step with the latest industry developments. This results in a productive partnering between design and construction, production and education, architect and architectural student through the refined inclusion of craft and authorship in architectural design.  The thesis actively seeks a design solution that develops future design outcomes of prefabricated timber production facilities through an enhanced and responsive adaptability within the facility. The building design also encourages robust and cohesive collaboration by incorporating multidisciplinary specialists with the production and education processes of prefabrication. As a result this thesis argues that architects will be provided greater opportunities for exploring craft and authorship within the context of prefabrication. The problems addressed by the strategic design experiments are prefabrication focused; however the situation is emblematic of a greater problem in the overall field of architecture. Through a focused evaluation on the collaborative environment experienced in the production of prefabrication, valuable lessons are transferable to all collaborative construction-based work environments, facilitating the ability to engender qualities of craft in an architecturally advanced industry.</p>

scholarly journals Architectural Indicators

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jonathan Hay
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
Educational Design ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Design And Construction

<p>A political crisis is currently underway in New Zealand with a critical lack of affordable well-designed housing. Due to the presence in New Zealand of such vast timber resources and our enviable global location for export shipping, there are great economic and industry opportunities for the production of prefabricated timber housing. However, the contemporary architectural position on prefabrication is often limited by the inability to evidence individuality, diverse detailing and robust habitability with a predetermined production ‘formula’. This thesis argues that the anonymous open plan nature of prefabrication facilities is restricting prefabrication from achieving high levels of architectural design that evidence qualities of craft. This thesis argues that by using an interdisciplinary approach recognising qualities of shared authorship with prefabrication, this highly effective form of construction can satisfy a wider market while maintaining key architectural values of individuality (authorship), detailing (craft) and habitability (integrated technical functions, sustainability, etc.).  The design research explores how the design of a large-scale prefabrication facility can encourage craft and authorship within production processes. Similarly through design exploration the facility intends to provide a cohesive understanding and implementation of complex and specialised industry systems alongside production processes. The design also explores how the facility can provide an environment where this collaboration can be meaningfully encouraged, while also facilitating collaborative learning to resolve prefabrication design-related problems.  The site for the proposed new Trade Build Facility is on the border of Wellington’s operational port of Centre Port, on the south intersection of Waterloo Quay and Cornwell Street, Pipitea, alongside a resource of raw logs with multiple national and international transport modes. The thesis proposes the experimental design of a facility that focuses on timber beginning with the processing of the raw log at the input end, through to the pre-fabricated housing units at the output end. This thesis proposes a production facility that also takes on the role of an educational design vehicle for both the architect and the architectural student to develop and engage the latest technologies of design and construction in the field of prefabrication, providing them with the foundation for entering the complexities of the current architectural design profession. It is intended that users will witness the actual creation of a system of architecture, in a setting explicitly designed to enable these conditions to transform and evolve in step with the latest industry developments. This results in a productive partnering between design and construction, production and education, architect and architectural student through the refined inclusion of craft and authorship in architectural design.  The thesis actively seeks a design solution that develops future design outcomes of prefabricated timber production facilities through an enhanced and responsive adaptability within the facility. The building design also encourages robust and cohesive collaboration by incorporating multidisciplinary specialists with the production and education processes of prefabrication. As a result this thesis argues that architects will be provided greater opportunities for exploring craft and authorship within the context of prefabrication. The problems addressed by the strategic design experiments are prefabrication focused; however the situation is emblematic of a greater problem in the overall field of architecture. Through a focused evaluation on the collaborative environment experienced in the production of prefabrication, valuable lessons are transferable to all collaborative construction-based work environments, facilitating the ability to engender qualities of craft in an architecturally advanced industry.</p>

scholarly journals PENDEKATAN SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS (STEM): DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIS DAN LITERASI AL-QUR’AN

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-372
Author(s):  
Yovi Imeysa ◽  
Farida Farida ◽  
Suherman Suherman ◽  
Tia Agnesa
Keyword(s):  
Design Research ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Homogeneity Test ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Stem Learning ◽  
Mathematical Concepts ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Flat Side ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
And Mathematics

This study aimed to determine the effect of the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) learning approach on the ability to understand mathematical concepts in terms of students' Al-Qur'an literacy. This research is a Quasy Experimental Design research with a 2×3 factorial research design. The data collection techniques in this study were in the form of a concept understanding test and an Al-Qur'an literacy questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is the normality test and homogeneity test, and the Two-way ANOVA test. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that there was an effect of the STEM learning approach (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) on the ability to understand students' mathematical concepts in the material of Building Flat Side Space. There is no influence of Al-Qur'an literacy on the ability to understand students' mathematical concepts in the material of Constructing Flat Sided Space. There is no interaction between the treatment of the STEM learning approach (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) with the Al-Qur'an literacy category on the ability to understand mathematical concepts in the matter of Constructing Flat Sided Space.

scholarly journals Students’ Readiness for STEM Learning within the Context of National Education Reform

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Birzina ◽  
◽  
Tamara Pigozne ◽  
Dagnija Cedere
Keyword(s):  
Education Reform ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Stem Learning ◽  
National Education ◽  
Readiness To Learn ◽  
Science Domain ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Teaching Learning

STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) education nowadays becomes more and more topical; however, students’ performance in these subjects is rather low and only a small part of them decide to study these sciences therefore it is important to rouse students’ interest in these subjects already at school. It is important to acquire not only the knowledge of the subject but also the transversal skills, thus, the organization of the teaching/learning process becomes more significant. Schools of Latvia start implementing the teaching/learning content and approach that correspond to the new standards of basic and general secondary education, which incorporates four innovative aspects in the science domain: the promotion of the content acquisition through teachers’ reciprocal collaboration; the use of ICT (Information Communication Technologies) as a platform for engineering technological solutions; learning through doing and engagement in discussions and other activities for making socially responsible decisions. The aim of the study is to find out students’ readiness to learn STEM in the context of innovative approaches of the national education reform. To reach the aim, the research question was set – to what extent and in which way are students ready to learn STEM? Using the QuestionPro e-platform, 257 students of Latvian general comprehensive schools were surveyed and the meta-analysis of factors of thematically respective selected questions was performed. The obtained empirical results were compared with the four aspects of the innovative approach pertaining to the education reform in the science domain. The study resulted in isolating main four factors: the course of the teaching/learning process, the feedback, the use of ICT and technologies little used in the acquisition STEM. The found factors comprised all the innovations of the science domain put forward by the national education reform, which means that students already at the pre-reform stage are ready to acquire STEM subjects in an innovative way.

scholarly journals Pengembangan Media Neraca Lengan untuk Memfasilitasi Kemampuan Berpikir Logis Anak Usia Dini

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-85
Author(s):  
Revi Lisdiani ◽  
Edi Hendri Mulyana ◽  
Dindin Abdul Muiz Lidinillah
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Logical Thinking ◽  
Educational Design ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Balance Scale ◽  
Reflection Data ◽  
Group B ◽  
Expert Validation

This research is motivated by the problems in the field regarding the limited availability of learning media in facilitating early childhood logical thinking skills, especially recognizing differences in objects based on the size of the object's weight. The importance of the ability to think logically from an early age to prepare children to live their daily lives is inseparable from logical thinking. The purpose of this study is to develop learning media to facilitate early childhood analytical thinking skills. The method used in this research is the development method with the Educational Design Research (EDR) model of the McKenney and Reeves model, which has three stages of research: analysis and exploration, design and construction, and evaluation and reflection. Data collection techniques used in this study were interviews, observation, questionnaires, and expert validation. The products that have been developed are then validated by media experts, material experts, and educational experts and then revised by researchers according to the validator's suggestions. Products that have been declared eligible to be tested based on the results of expert validation then tried twice on a limited basis on group B children in TK PGRI Karangmekar. The results of this study indicate that the developed media, namely balance scale media to facilitate early childhood logical thinking skills, is suitable for use in learning according to the results of expert validation, teacher responses, and student's ability to use balance scale media in learning in a limited trial.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN LEMBAR KERJA ANAK (LKA) MODEL STEM PADA KONSEP TERAPUNG MELAYANG TENGGELAM UNTUK MEMFASILITASI KETERAMPILAN SAINTIFIK ANAK USIA DINI

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-117
Author(s):  
Resa Pujiaswati ◽  
Edi Hendri Mulyana ◽  
Sima Mulyadi
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Integrative Learning ◽  
Educational Design ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Educational Design Research ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Scientific Skills

The form of a child’s worksheet generally contains evaluation questions that serve as a child’s cognitive assessment. But actually worksheets are used to facilitate children to do learning activities in understanding a concept/ knowledge. The 2013 curriculum is present as a guide in determining learning and requires teachers to educate students through various activities in order to have scientific skills. Whit the 2013 curriculum, STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematic) learning is expected to facilitate integrative learning activities that apply to early childhood education. This study aims to develop worksheets for STEM child models to facilitate children’s scientific skills. In this stufy, the researcher will explain the basic needs and design the development of STEM model worksheets for floating concept of drowning to facilitate children’s scientific skills after early age. The method used in this research is the development of Educational  Design Research. Then based on the needs and findings in the field, the researcher will develop the STEM Model Worksheet for the Drowning Floating Concept to Facilitate Scientific Skills of Early Childhood, so that it can be implemented in early childhood.  Bentuk lembar kerja anak pada umumnya berisi mengenai soal evaluasi yang dijadikan sebagai penilaian kognitif anak. Namun sebenarnya lembar kerja digunakan untuk memfasilitasi anak melakukan kegiatan belajar dalam memahami suatu konsep/pengetahuan. Kurikulum 2013 hadir sebagai pedoman dalam menentukan pembelajaran dan mengharuskan guru untuk mendidik siswa melalui berbagai aktivitas agar memiliki keterampilan saintifik. Dengan adanya kurikulum 2013 tersebut pembelajaran STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematic) diharapkan dapat memfasilitasi kegiatan pembelajaran integratif yang berlaku pada pendidikan anak usia dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dasar kebutuahn penggunaan lembar kerja anak dan mengembangkan lembar kerja anak model STEM untuk memfasilitasi keterampilan saintifik anak. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti akan menjelaskan mengenai dasar kebutuhan dan membuat rancangan pengembangan lembar kerja anak model STEM pada konsep terapung melayang tenggelam untuk memfasilitasi keterampilan saintifik anak usia dini.  Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengembangan Educational Design Research. Penerapan pembelajaran STEM dengan menggunakan LKS akan menjembatani pembelajaran tematik integratif yang menerapkan pada 4 bidang keilmuan, kemudian akan menghasilkan suatu produk memfasilitasi keterampilan saintifik anak. Pembelajaran sains pada usia dini masih dirasa cukup sulit, namun dengan media dan bahn ajar yang memadai, maka hal tersebut dapat diatasi. Berdasarkan studi literatur ditemukan bahwa banyak lembar kerja anak yang tidak sesuai dengan tahap perkembangan anak. Maka berdasarkan kebutuhan dan penemuan dilapangan tersebut, peneliti akan melakukan Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Anak Model STEM pada Konsep Terapung Melayang Tenggelam untuk Memfasilitasi Keterampilan Saintifik Anak Usia Dini, sehingga dapat diimplementasikan pada anak usia dini.

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