MONITORING THE NUMBER OF CYDIA POMONELLA (L.) AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF THE USE OF PLANT PROTECTION PRODUCTS

Abstract In recent decades, positive changes have been occurred on the fruit crops protection, because of new synthetic or natural substances, more effective and less toxic. In 2011, at Fruit Growing Research and Development Station Iaşi, Romania, was tested a phitosanitary program that aimed especially to control the main pest of apple, being introduced the next generation of plant protection products, such as: Coragen, Proteus, Calypso, Decis 25 WG. The research was carried out for Idared, Golden delicious and Florina, on tow variants for each variety. Phytosanitary treatments applied for pest control were supplemented with fungicides used to combat major apple deseases. Until blooming tow treatments were applied for each variant, and after the petals fall, treatments were carried out at warning. Observation and measurements were performed after the treatments and they showed, at the end of each generation, the percentage of attacked fruits by the main apple pests. These produsts applied in a few treatments have provided a strong efficacy in combating major apple pests: codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.), fruit skin moth (Adoxophyes reticulana Hb.), leaf miner moth (Phyllonorycter sp.) and mites (Panonychus sp.). To combat lepidoptera, best result were obtained with Calypso 480 SC and Coragen insecticides, and also, products such as Decis 25 WG and Proteus, have ensured a good health in apple plantation.

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Results on the Efectiveness of Plant Protection Products Tested at the Fruit Growing Research and Development Station Iaşi, Romania

Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova ◽

10.2478/v10298-012-0005-x ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 59-64

Author(s):

Ramona Beşleagă ◽

E. Cârdei ◽

M. Tălmaciu

Keyword(s):

Research And Development ◽

Plant Protection ◽

Cydia Pomonella ◽

Codling Moth ◽

Plant Protection Products ◽

Apple Orchard ◽

Panonychus Ulmi ◽

Fruit Growing

Results on the Efectiveness of Plant Protection Products Tested at the Fruit Growing Research and Development Station Iaşi, Romania During 2010-2011, at the Fruit Growing Research and Development Station (FGRDS) Iaşi, Romania, were carried aut research on testing the effectiveness of plant protection products. The experiment was conducted in experimental polygon, in an apple orchard, the variety Idared. Pests on witch observations were made were: Cydia pomonella L., Adoxophyes reticulana, Panonychus ulmi, Phyllonorycter spp., and the products tested were: Affirm SG 095 and Voliam Targo SC 063. The products Affirm SC 095 was tested against the apple skin moth (Adoxophyes reticulana) and apple codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.), and the product Voliam Targo SC 063 was tested against red mites (Panonychus ulmi) and the leaves miners (Phyllonorycter spp.) apple codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.). As standard products Coragen and Vertimec 1.8 EC were used at the rates of 0.15 l/ha and 0.75/ha respectively.

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The major interest for crop protection of agrochemical substances without maximum residue limit (MRL)

BASE - Numéro 3 ◽

10.25518/1780-4507.17666 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 22-29

Author(s):

Mathilde Charon ◽

Diane Robin ◽

Patrice A. Marchand

Keyword(s):

Time Management ◽

Plant Protection ◽

Cydia Pomonella ◽

Crop Protection ◽

Plant Protection Products ◽

Low Risk ◽

Maximum Residue Limit ◽

Major Interest ◽

Maximum Residue Limits ◽

Basic Substances

Description of the subject. The real-time management of residues of plant protection products is a general issue for food producers and/or exporters. Authorized pesticides under European Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 (Reg. 1107/2009) are granted a maximum residue limit (MRL) defined by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). These maximum residue limits are managed by the European Commission and listed in EC Regulation No 396/2005. MRLs for newly approved substances are set for pesticide residues present in products or groups of products covered by Annex I with a default value of 0.01 mg·kg-1, unless they have been considered, elaborated upon on approval and affected in one of the six other Annexes (II to VII). Substances listed in Annex IV are favoured in the selection of substances to be used by producers as it is for substances with very low potential impacts (low-risk substances [Art. 22 of Reg. 1107/2009] which therefore require no MRL; basic substances [Art. 23 of Reg. 1107/2009]; and microorganisms). The number of substances affected by this lack of an MRL (without residues survey requirement) has been steadily increasing since the publication of the SANCO/11188/2013 Guideline. Many biocontrol agents are listed in Annex IV, including microbial insecticides (e.g. Bacillus thuringiensis, Cydia pomonella granulosis virus), semiochemicals used in traps (e.g. ammonium acetate, putrescine) and some natural substances (e.g. sulphur) as well as all the currently listed basic substances. Objectives. To show that plant protection may be achieved with less concern or control (auto + external) than with certain agrochemical pesticides, including those without maximum residue limits (MRL). Method. Analysis of EU Pesticide Database and EU Regulation (EU) No 540/2011. Results. All approved pesticide active substances with no MRL included in Annex IV of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005, listed by substance status type (active, low-risk or basic) and category (microorganism, semiochemical or natural). Conclusions. These results may be used to help achieve plant protection with much less risk of contaminations, while noting the necessity for controls, analytical issues, positive controls, as well as the possibility of downgrading and withdrawal of approval from the market.

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Placing plant protection products on the Polish market with regard to the registration of individual formulations

Annales UMCS Agricultura ◽

10.2478/v10081-008-0022-5 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Ewa Matyjaszczyk

Keyword(s):

Plant Protection ◽

Plant Protection Products

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Effect of the Application Date of Fertilizer Containing Silicon and Potassium on the Yield and Technological Quality of Sugar Beet Roots

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10020370 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 370

Author(s):

Arkadiusz Artyszak ◽

Dariusz Gozdowski ◽

Alicja Siuda

Keyword(s):

Sugar Beet ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Plant Protection ◽

Plant Protection Products ◽

Water Shortage ◽

The European Union ◽

Yield Increase ◽

Time Of Application ◽

Technological Quality

Water shortage and drought are a growing problem in Europe. Therefore, effective methods for limiting its effects are necessary. At the same time, the “field to fork” strategy adopted by the European Commission aims to achieve a significant reduction in the use of plant protection products and fertilizers in the European Union. In an experiment conducted in 2018–2020, the effect of the method of foliar fertilization containing silicon and potassium on the yield and technological quality of sugar beet roots was assessed. The fertilizer was used in seven combinations, differing in the number and time of application. The best results were obtained by treating plants during drought stress. The better soil moisture for the plants, the smaller the pure sugar yield increase was observed. It is difficult to clearly state which combination of silicon and potassium foliar application is optimal, as their effects do not differ greatly.

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The Role of Source‐sink Dynamics in the Assessment of Risk to Non‐target Arthropods from the Use of Plant Protection Products

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry ◽

10.1002/etc.5137 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gavin Lewis ◽

Axel Dinter ◽

Charlotte Elston ◽

Michael Thomas Marx ◽

Christoph Julian Mayer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Protection ◽

Plant Protection Products ◽

Source Sink

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Measurements of the dermal exposure to bystanders from direct off‐crop drift during the application of plant protection products

Annals of Applied Biology ◽

10.1111/aab.12686 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Christian J. Kuster ◽

Nicola J. Hewitt ◽

Clare Butler Ellis ◽

Christian Timmermann ◽

Thomas Anft

Keyword(s):

Plant Protection ◽

Plant Protection Products ◽

Dermal Exposure

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Field assessment of a pulse width modulation (PWM) spray system applying different spray volumes: duty cycle and forward speed effects on vines spray coverage

Precision Agriculture ◽

10.1007/s11119-021-09835-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marco Grella ◽

Fabrizio Gioelli ◽

Paolo Marucco ◽

Ingrid Zwertvaegher ◽

Eric Mozzanini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Precision Agriculture ◽

Pulse Width ◽

Pulse Width Modulation ◽

Plant Protection ◽

Plant Protection Products ◽

Field Conditions ◽

Advanced Technology ◽

Real Field ◽

Spray Application ◽

Spray System

AbstractThe pulse width modulation (PWM) spray system is the most advanced technology to obtain variable rate spray application without varying the operative sprayer parameters (e.g. spray pressure, nozzle size). According to the precision agriculture principles, PWM is the prime technology that allows to spray the required amount where needed without varying the droplet size spectra which benefits both the uniformity of spray quality and the spray drift reduction. However, some concerns related to the effect of on–off solenoid valves and the alternating on/off action of adjacent nozzles on final uneven spray coverage (SC) have arisen. Further evaluations of PWM systems used for spraying 3D crops under field conditions are welcomed. A tower-shaped airblast sprayer equipped with a PWM was tested in a vineyard. Twelve configurations, combining duty cycles (DC: 30, 50, 70, 100%) and forward speeds (FS: 4, 6, 8 km h−1), were tested. Two methodologies, namely field-standardized and real field conditions, were adopted to evaluate the effect of DC and FS on (1) SC variability (CV%) along both the sprayer travel direction and the vertical spray profile using long water sensitive papers (WSP), and (2) SC uniformity (IU, index value) within the canopy at different depths and heights, respectively. Furthermore, the SC (%) and deposit density (Nst, no stains cm−2), determined using short WSP, were used to evaluate the spray application performances taking into account the spray volumes applied. Under field-controlled conditions, the pulsing of the PWM system affects both the SC variability measured along the sprayer travel direction and along the vertical spray profile. In contrast, under real field conditions, the PWM system does not affect the uniformity of SC measured within the canopy. The relationship between SC and Nst allowed identification of the ranges of 200–250 and 300–370 l ha−1 as the most suitable spray volumes to be applied for insecticide and fungicide plant protection products, respectively.

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