The Effect of Phytoprotection Programs on the Control of the Main Apple Pests

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Ramona Beşleagă ◽  
M. Tălmaciu ◽  
E. Cârdei ◽  
Nela Tălmaciu ◽  
G. Corneanu
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Natural Substances ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
Apple Pests

Abstract In recent decades, positive changes have been occurred on the fruit crops protection, because of new synthetic or natural substances, more effective and less toxic. In 2011, at Fruit Growing Research and Development Station Iaşi, Romania, was tested a phitosanitary program that aimed especially to control the main pest of apple, being introduced the next generation of plant protection products, such as: Coragen, Proteus, Calypso, Decis 25 WG. The research was carried out for Idared, Golden delicious and Florina, on tow variants for each variety. Phytosanitary treatments applied for pest control were supplemented with fungicides used to combat major apple deseases. Until blooming tow treatments were applied for each variant, and after the petals fall, treatments were carried out at warning. Observation and measurements were performed after the treatments and they showed, at the end of each generation, the percentage of attacked fruits by the main apple pests. These produsts applied in a few treatments have provided a strong efficacy in combating major apple pests: codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.), fruit skin moth (Adoxophyes reticulana Hb.), leaf miner moth (Phyllonorycter sp.) and mites (Panonychus sp.). To combat lepidoptera, best result were obtained with Calypso 480 SC and Coragen insecticides, and also, products such as Decis 25 WG and Proteus, have ensured a good health in apple plantation.

scholarly journals Results on the Efectiveness of Plant Protection Products Tested at the Fruit Growing Research and Development Station Iaşi, Romania

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Ramona Beşleagă ◽  
E. Cârdei ◽  
M. Tălmaciu
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Fruit Growing

Results on the Efectiveness of Plant Protection Products Tested at the Fruit Growing Research and Development Station Iaşi, Romania During 2010-2011, at the Fruit Growing Research and Development Station (FGRDS) Iaşi, Romania, were carried aut research on testing the effectiveness of plant protection products. The experiment was conducted in experimental polygon, in an apple orchard, the variety Idared. Pests on witch observations were made were: Cydia pomonella L., Adoxophyes reticulana, Panonychus ulmi, Phyllonorycter spp., and the products tested were: Affirm SG 095 and Voliam Targo SC 063. The products Affirm SC 095 was tested against the apple skin moth (Adoxophyes reticulana) and apple codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.), and the product Voliam Targo SC 063 was tested against red mites (Panonychus ulmi) and the leaves miners (Phyllonorycter spp.) apple codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.). As standard products Coragen and Vertimec 1.8 EC were used at the rates of 0.15 l/ha and 0.75/ha respectively.

scholarly journals Microsatellites reveal genetic differentiation among populations in an insect species with high genetic variability in dispersal, the codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.H. Chen ◽  
S. Dorn
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
High Genetic Variability ◽  
Population Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
Major Pest

AbstractLittle is known about genetic differentiation and gene flow in populations of insect species that have a high genetic variability in dispersal but lack morphologically visible morphs that disperse. These characteristics apply to the codling moth, Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), a major pest of fruits and nuts. Larvae were collected from three orchards each of pome fruits, stone fruits and nut trees in a major fruit growing area of Switzerland (Valais) and from six further (mainly apple) orchards throughout this country. Nine microsatellite loci were used to investigate genetic differentiation and the amount of gene flow among the sampled populations. All the loci were shown to be polymorphic in all populations. The number of alleles ranged from five to 15 over nine loci for the 15 populations. Significant genetic differentiation was noted among the populations from apple, apricot and walnut in the Valais region. Furthermore, among the eight populations sampled from apple in different geographic regions throughout Switzerland, AMOVA and pairwise FST analysis revealed significant population genetic differentiation even between populations collected from orchards ≪10 km apart. These results indicate that a distinct prevailing characteristic, in the present case the sedentary behaviour of the moth, can shape population architecture.

scholarly journals Development and commercialisation of pheromone products in New Zealand

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Suckling ◽  
J.T.S Walker ◽  
G.K. Clare ◽  
K.S.H. Boyd Wilson ◽  
C. Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Mating Disruption ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Oriental Fruit Moth ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Food Research

The sale of pheromone traps lures and mating disruption products for horticultural insect pest species has grown steadily since the late 1980s with expanding sales to New Zealand growers from Plant Food Research (PFR) and its predecessors New biosecurity incursions led to pheromone identifications for delimitation and pest management of other species Mating disruption products were developed to target leafrollers currant clearwing codling moth and oriental fruit moth In 201011 the activity involved with production of > 30 pheromone products was sold as a business unit by PFR to a New Zealand company In addition the first legislative group standard for plant protection products was drawn up to enable future development of straightchained lepidopteran sex pheromones under New Zealands Environmental Protection Authority The availability of pheromone products to assist with decision support and pest management is now subject to market forces

scholarly journals The major interest for crop protection of agrochemical substances without maximum residue limit (MRL)

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Mathilde Charon ◽  
Diane Robin ◽  
Patrice A. Marchand
Keyword(s):  
Time Management ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Maximum Residue Limit ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Maximum Residue Limits ◽  
Basic Substances

Description of the subject. The real-time management of residues of plant protection products is a general issue for food producers and/or exporters. Authorized pesticides under European Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 (Reg. 1107/2009) are granted a maximum residue limit (MRL) defined by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). These maximum residue limits are managed by the European Commission and listed in EC Regulation No 396/2005. MRLs for newly approved substances are set for pesticide residues present in products or groups of products covered by Annex I with a default value of 0.01 mg·kg-1, unless they have been considered, elaborated upon on approval and affected in one of the six other Annexes (II to VII). Substances listed in Annex IV are favoured in the selection of substances to be used by producers as it is for substances with very low potential impacts (low-risk substances [Art. 22 of Reg. 1107/2009] which therefore require no MRL; basic substances [Art. 23 of Reg. 1107/2009]; and microorganisms). The number of substances affected by this lack of an MRL (without residues survey requirement) has been steadily increasing since the publication of the SANCO/11188/2013 Guideline. Many biocontrol agents are listed in Annex IV, including microbial insecticides (e.g. Bacillus thuringiensis, Cydia pomonella granulosis virus), semiochemicals used in traps (e.g. ammonium acetate, putrescine) and some natural substances (e.g. sulphur) as well as all the currently listed basic substances. Objectives. To show that plant protection may be achieved with less concern or control (auto + external) than with certain agrochemical pesticides, including those without maximum residue limits (MRL). Method. Analysis of EU Pesticide Database and EU Regulation (EU) No 540/2011. Results. All approved pesticide active substances with no MRL included in Annex IV of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005, listed by substance status type (active, low-risk or basic) and category (microorganism, semiochemical or natural). Conclusions. These results may be used to help achieve plant protection with much less risk of contaminations, while noting the necessity for controls, analytical issues, positive controls, as well as the possibility of downgrading and withdrawal of approval from the market.

scholarly journals Biological efficiency of plant protection products to control codling moth on apple immune cultivars

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 04001
Author(s):  
Natalia Kashirskaya ◽  
Andrei Kuzin ◽  
Anna Kochkina
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Mass Reproduction

The caterpillars of this codling moth can damage up to 90% of fruits during mass reproduction. Changing weather conditions contribute to increasing the harmfulness of the primary pest of the apple tree. The research was carried out to select modern plant protection products with high biological efficiency to control codling moths and increase the productivity of the apple orchard. The research was carried out in the I.V. Michurin Federal Scientific Centre apple orchard. We studied the efficiency of plant protection products on apple cultivars immune to scab: ‘Akademik Kazakov,’ ‘Vympel,’ ‘Bylina,’ ‘Rozhdestvenskoye,’ ‘Fregat.’ The efficiency of these preparations was studied with low application rates to reduce the fruit damages by codling moth. The values of fruit damage in control without treatment during the years of the research as the result of vital pest activity: Generation 1: 4.9-17.8%; Generation 2: 5.4-16.3%. In the experiment treatment, Generation 1 damaged 0.24-1.50%, and Generation 2 injured 0.36-1.60% of fruits. The biological efficiency of the experimental treatment was high and reached controlling Generation 1: 91.0-98.5%, Generation 2: 90.0-96.0%. The average yield in the experimental treatment was 29.4 kg tree−1 with a share of first-grade fruits 85-90% (2019) and 39.4 kg tree−1, 90-91% (2020).

scholarly journals Insecticidal Activity ofBacillus thuringiensisStrains Isolated from Soil and Water

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edyta Konecka ◽  
Jakub Baranek ◽  
Anita Hrycak ◽  
Adam Kaznowski
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Water Sample ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Gene Identification ◽  
Potential Utility ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Soil And Water

We attempted to search novelBacillus thuringiensisstrains that produce crystals with potential utility in plant protection and with higher activity than strains already used in biopesticide production. SevenB. thuringiensissoil and water isolates were used in the research. We predicted the toxicity of their crystals bycrygene identification employing PCR method. The isolate MPU B63 with interesting, according to us, genes content was used in evaluating its crystal toxicity againstCydia pomonellacaterpillars. The strain MPU B63 was cultured from water sample and hadcry1Ab,cry1B, andcry15genes. The LC50crystals of MPU B63 were compared to LC50of commercial bioinsecticide Foray determined againstC. pomonella(codling moth). The activity of MPU B63 inclusions against codling moth larvae was approximately 24-fold higher than that of Foray. The results are a promising introduction for further study evaluating the potential usefulness of isolate MPU B63 crystals in plant protection.

scholarly journals Assessement of control strategy by spraying low doses of sugars on apple orchard against Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus, 1758.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Abdelkader Nabil TIFFRENT ◽  
Nadia LOMBARKIA
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Chemical Insecticide ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
First Results

<p>Codling moth (<em>Cydia pomonella</em> [L.]) is the most serious pest of apple worldwide. Its control still relies largely on insecticide applications. To deal with this situation, it becomes essential to design eco-friendly control systems to minimize chemical treatments. In this context, the effect of spraying of fructose (100 ppm), glucose (100 ppm) and insecticide (Deltamethrin), on the Golden Delicious variety against <em>C. pomonella</em> larval damages, was studied in an orchard located in Batna province (Algeria). The results of this study showed that codling moth own four generations in the study area. It is a very important pest with about 59.19 ± 1.15 % of damaged fruits at harvest. The spraying of glucose alone, fructose alone and the chemical insecticide alone causes a significant increase in the percentages of healthy fruit at harvest compared to the untreated control. The use of fructose and glucose<strong> </strong>has significantly reduced the percentage of damaged fruits at harvest followed by the spraying of the insecticide which produces the lowest percentage. The Abbott’s efficacy of glucose treatments was 23.75 ± 2.6 % compared to the insecticide 37.6 ± 2.55 %; and fructose 15.54 ± 3.01 %. The use of sugars is a completely innovative way in the field of plant protection. These first results demonstrate a promising alternative to conventional programs.</p><p><br /><strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals Study on the effectiveness of chemical and biological agents to control tomato leaf miner (Tuta absoluta Meyrick, 1917)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-299
Author(s):  
R. Mineva ◽  
V. Yankova ◽  
N. Valchev
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
Tomato Leaf ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Protection Scheme ◽  
Treatment Scheme ◽  
Tomato Leaf Miner ◽  
Conventional Scheme

Abstract. In growing four tomato varieties in greenhouses, the effect of a conventional and integrated scheme for control of tomato leaf miner (Tuta absoluta Meyrick, 1917) was studied. Six consecutive treatments were performed at ten-day intervals. The conventional scheme includes the following products: Confidor Energy OD 0.08%, Ampligo 150 ZC 400 ml/ha, Coragen 20 SC 200 ml/ha, Exalt 25 SC 2400 ml/ha, Voliam Targo 063 SC 800 ml/ha and Voliam Targo 063 SC 800 ml/ha. In the integrated scheme the following products for plant protection are used – Confidor Energy OD 0.08%, Sineis 480 SC 250 ml/ha, Sineis 480 SC 250 ml/ha, Voliam Targo 063 SC 800 ml/ha, Neem Azal T/S 0.3% and Neem Azal T/S 0.3%. The effectiveness of the plant protection products against the tomato leaf miner, the degree of pest attack of the different varieties and the tomato productivity were studied in this experiment. It was established that in the conventional and in the integrated treatment scheme, the highest efficiency was shown by the product Voliam Targo 063 SC, applied in a dose of 800 ml/ha on the seventh day after spraying. The percentage of damaged plants was the lowest in the variety Clarosa F1 (4.00%), with the application of the conventional plant protection scheme. The results were similar in the integrated scheme – 6.00%, while in the control the degree of infestation reached 18.00%. The percentage of damaged fruits in both treatment schemes was 6.00%, significantly lower than in the control (24.00%). The highest tomato productivity was observed with the application of the conventional plant protection scheme in Manusa F1 variety.

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