scholarly journals The European Struggle to Educate and Include Roma People: A Critique of Differences in Policy and Practice in Western and Eastern EU Countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine O'Hanlon

Multiculturalism is an established feature of the UK and other European States since the establishment of the Treaty of Rome in 1959. Enlargement has brought EU membership from six (1952) to twenty eight members since its foundation, and allowed free migration across its borders. However, many countries, in spite of agreements to adhere to ‘democratic’ practices, deny minority citizens their full rights, particularly in education contexts. Some recent accession EU States have education systems that are less adaptive to expected policy responsibilities. It is a more unstable aspect of Eastern Europe because of the failure of many of these countries to reduce social and educational inequalities and to establish rights for minority groups, particularly the Roma. An educational focus is used as a platform to highlight issues re the segregation, and discrimination against, Roma children in Europe, typically through the use of special education, which is not suitable for them. Europe generally, both East and West has failed to fully integrate the Roma. Often, institutional blame is placed on Roma communities, rather than situate them socially and economically due to ingrained structural inequalities. Stereotyped categories are often used to ‘label’ them. Countries with high Roma populations, four in Western and five in Eastern Europe are evaluated and compared in relation to the education of Roma children.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sian Reece ◽  
Trevor A Sheldon ◽  
Josie Dickerson ◽  
Kate Pickett

The links between financial insecurity and poor health and wellbeing are well established. Individuals experiencing financial insecurity are also more likely to face challenges in accessing the support services they need. There is evidence of unequal uptake of welfare support and benefits, particularly in some ethnic minority groups. The COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated financial insecurity for the most vulnerable and action is needed to improve the support provided for those affected during the recovery from the pandemic. One approach to improving uptake of benefits has been to deliver welfare services within health settings. This has the potential to increase income and possibly improve health. We conducted systematic review with a critical narrative synthesis to assess the health, social and financial impacts of welfare advice services co-located in health settings and explore the facilitators and barriers to successful implementation of these services, in order to guide future policy and practice. The review identified 14 studies published in the UK from 2010. The services provided generated on average 27GBP of social, economic and environmental return on investment per 1GBP invested. Individuals on average benefitted from an additional 2,757GBP household income per annum and cost savings for the NHS were demonstrated. The review demonstrated that improvements to health were made by addressing key social determinants of health, thereby reducing health inequalities. Co-located welfare services actively incorporated elements of proportionate universalism and targeted those, who due to predominately health needs, were most in need of this support. The nature of the welfare advice service, how it operates within a health setting, and how visible and accessible this service is to participants and professionals referring into the service, were seen as important facilitators. Co-production during service development and ongoing enhanced multi-disciplinary collaboration were also considered vital to the success of co-located services.


Author(s):  
Каріна Бірюкова

У статті йдеться про значущість ефективно організованого інклюзивного навчання як показника якісної освіти. Представлено дослідження науковців, яке виявило суттєву невідповідність української нормативно-правової бази стосовно інклюзивного навчання європейським цінностям та керівним засадам; сформульовано чинники складнощів впровадження інклюзивної освіти в Україні. Увага в статті концентрується на кадровому забезпеченні інклюзивної освіти, і передусім – на позиції психолога в інклюзивному освітньому просторі. Систематизовано нормативно-правові, методичні та дослідницькі матеріали, присвячені визначенню змісту та форм діяльності психолога в закладі освіти. Здійснено порівняльний аналіз щодо змісту та форм діяльності психолога та інших учасників команди супроводу в українському нормативно-правовому законодавстві. У статті наголошено на тому, що у стандарті «Практичний психолог закладу освіти» відсутня інклюзивна компетентність, а поняття «інклюзивне навчання» подано в переліку таких ситуативних втручань, як булінг, прояви насильства та шкідливі звички. Дослідження за доступними нам джерелами понятійного поля вислову «інклюзивна компетентність» виявило недостатню конкретику та відповідність цього поняття потребам часу. Висвітлено головну спрямованість статті, яка полягає в обґрунтуванні поняття «інклюзивна компетентність» практичного психолога як необхідної його здатності щодо професійної допомоги дітям з особливими освітніми потребами в закладі освіти. Розроблена нами структура  інклюзивної компетентності охоплює особистісні, міжособистісні та діяльнісні компетенції; конкретизовано зміст цих компетенцій та зазначено найкращий формат їх становлення – безпосереднє навчання із супроводом експертного коучингу. Орієнтир на інклюзивну компетентність при підготовці майбутніх психологів або в процесі підвищення кваліфікації вже досвідчених психологів дасть змогу сформувати їхні професійні уміння у відповідності до вимог часу; сприятиме поліпшенню фахової підтримки дітей з особливими освітніми потребами в закладах освіти. Література Вінтюк, Ю.В. (2018). Модель формування професійної компетентності майбутніх психологів у ВНЗ. Вісник Черкаського університету. Серія «Педагогічні науки», 8, 42–48. Головань, М.С. (2008). Компетенція і компетентність: досвід теорії, теорія досвіду. Вища освіта України, 3, 23–30. Клименюк, Н. (2017). Формування інклюзивної компетентності в майбутніх соціальних працівників в умовах професійної підготовки. Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології, 1(65), 72–86. Мартинчук, О.В., & Скрипник, Т.В. (2020). Потреба у концептуалізації понять інклюзивної освіти в Україні як виклик сьогодення. Актуальні питання корекційної освіти (педагогічні науки): збірник наукових праць, 16(1), 186–197. Марчак, Т.А. (2020). Психолого-педагогічний супровід навчання дітей з порушенням психофізичного розвитку як складова інклюзивного навчання. Матеріали міжнародної наукової конференції «Проблеми та перспективи реалізації та впровадження міждисциплінарних наукових досягнень» (Київ, 12 липня 2020), 97–101. Київ : МЦНД. https://doi.org/10.36074/12.06.2020.v1.06 Посадова інструкція практичного психолога закладу загальної середньої освіти (2018). Режим доступу: https://vseosvita.ua/library/posadova-instrukcia-prakticnogo-psihologa-zzso-zrazok-354222.html Примірне положення про команду психолого-педагогічного супроводу дитини з особливими освітніми потребами в закладі загальної середньої та дошкільної освіти (2018). Наказ МОН України № 609 від 08.06.2018. Режим доступу: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/rada/show/v0609729-18#Text Професійний стандарт за професією «Вчитель початкових класів закладу загальної середньої освіти» (2020). Режим доступу: https://nus.org.ua/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/pdf Професійний стандарт «Практичного психолога закладу освіти» (2020). Режим доступу: https://mon.gov.ua/storage/app/media/rizne/2020/12/Standart_Praktychnyy_psykholoh.pdf Саврасова-В’юн, Т.О. (2015). Зміст і структура професійно-психологічної компетентності майбутніх педагогів. Освітологічний дискурс, 2(10), 241–254. Скрипник, Т., & Бірюкова, К. (2020). Неперервний експертний коучинг для підвищення компетентності учасників інклюзивного процесу в закладах освіти. Неперервна професійна освіта: теорія і практика, 1(62), 23–29. Хитрюк, В.В. (2015). Инклюзивная готовность педагога: генезис, феноменология, концепция формирования. (Монография). Барановичи : БарГУ. Шолох, О.А. (2020). Ціннісні аспекти підготовки майбутніх психологів до діяльності в інклюзивному середовищі. Вісник Чернігівського національного педагогічного університету імені ТГ Шевченка. Серія: Педагогічні науки, 6(162), 177–184 . Вlândul,-C., & Bradea, А. (2017). Developing psychopedagogical and methodical competences in special / inclusive education teachers. Problems of Education in the 21st Century, 75(4), 335–344. Global Education Monitoring Report Summary (2020): Inclusion and education: All means all. Paris : Martynchuk, О., Skrypnyk, Т., Sofiy,Z., & Bahdanovich Hanssen, N. (2020). Inclusive education in Ukraine: Tension between policy and practice. Dialogues between Northern and Eastern Europe on the Development of Inclusion: Theoretical and Practical Perspectives. Great Britain : Routledge, 148–16 . Martynchuk, О., Skrypnyk, Т., Maksymchuk, M, Babych,, & Biriukova, K. (2021). Professional readiness of future special education teachers for inclusive education in Ukraine. Society. Integration. Education. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference, III, 159–172.


2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-418
Author(s):  
Colin Clark

The spectre of Brexit has raised issues of concern for Roma communities living and working in Scotland and other parts of the UK. The effective ending of freedom of movement has produced new uncertainties and insecurities for people living outside their EU countries of origin, especially for those who are racialised and stigmatised by ‘hostile environment’ policies. Brexit is best understood as both a process and effect of everyday bordering as well as a continuation of historically embedded structural divisions. This paper looks at everyday Roma life in Glasgow, via the work of the NGO Romano Lav (Roma Voice), to assess how Brexit is impacting on people's lives. Further, the paper examines how Scotland can best move forward in terms of independence and the European project. It is argued that a second independence referendum that gives full political independence to Scotland is the only way to secure future EU membership and freedom of movement.


2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hollis ◽  
Stavroula Leka ◽  
Aditya Jain ◽  
Nicholas Andreou
Keyword(s):  
The Uk ◽  

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 120-140
Author(s):  
Jamie Heintz Benson ◽  
John R Slate ◽  
George W Moore ◽  
Cynthia Martinez-Garcia ◽  
Frederick C Lunenburg

In this investigation, the academic performance of students in special education who received between 1 to 30 days, between 31-60, and more than 60 days in a Disciplinary Alternative Education Program placement and had STAAR Reading Level I: Unsatisfactory, STAAR Reading Level II: Satisfactory, STAAR Reading Level II: Phase-In Satisfactory, and STAAR Reading Level III: Advanced standard during the 2012-2013 through 2015-2016 school years were determined. In each of these four school years, the percentage of students in special education who received Disciplinary Alternative Education Program placement and had Unsatisfactory Standard performance on the STAAR Reading exam consistently increased for all grades except for Grade 4. The percentage of students who had Phase-In Satisfactory Standard performance on the STAAR Reading exam consistently decreased for all grades except for Grade 4. The percentages of students who had Satisfactory and Advanced Standard performance remained consistent across the four school years, never varying more than 7%. Recommendations for research and implications are discussed along with suggestions for policy and practice.


Author(s):  
Lorna Templeton ◽  
Sarah Galvani ◽  
Marian Peacock

AbstractThis paper draws on data from one strand of a six-strand, exploratory study on end of life care for adults using substances (AUS). It presents data from the key informant (KI) strand of the study that aimed to identify models of practice in the UK. Participant recruitment was purposive and used snowball sampling to recruit KIs from a range of health and social care, policy and practice backgrounds. Data were collected in 2016–2017 from 20 KIs using a semi-structured interview approach. The data were analysed using template analysis as discussed by King (2012). This paper focusses on two of seven resulting themes, namely “Definitions and perceptions of key terms” in end of life care and substance use sectors, and “Service commissioning and delivery.” The KIs demonstrated dedicated individual practice, but were critical of the systemic failure to provide adequate direction and resources to support people using substances at the end of their lives.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 205979912110085
Author(s):  
Jane Richardson ◽  
Barry Godfrey ◽  
Sandra Walklate

In March 2020, the UK Research and Innovation announced an emergency call for research to inform policy and practice responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. This call implicitly and explicitly required researchers to work rapidly, remotely and responsively. In this article, we briefly review how rapid response methods developed in health research can be used in other social science fields. After outlining the literature in this area, we use the early stages of our applied research into criminal justice responses to domestic abuse during COVID-19 as a case study to illustrate some of the practical challenges we faced in responding to this rapid funding call. We review our use of and experience with remote research methods and describe how we used and adapted these methods in our research, from data gathering through to transcription and analysis. We reflect on our experiences to date of what it means to be responsive in fast-changing research situations. Finally, we make some practical recommendations for conducting applied research in a ‘nimble’ way to meet the demands of working rapidly, remotely, responsively and, most importantly, responsibly.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Lisa Scullion ◽  
Katy Jones ◽  
Peter Dwyer ◽  
Celia Hynes ◽  
Philip Martin

There has been an increasing focus in the UK on the support provided to the Armed Forces community, with the publication of the Armed Forces Covenant (2011), the Strategy for our Veterans (2018) and the first ever Office for Veterans’ Affairs (2019). There is also an important body of research – including longitudinal research – focusing on transitions from military to civilian life, much of which is quantitative. At the same time, the UK has witnessed a period of unprecedented welfare reform. However, research focused on veterans’ interactions with the social security system has been largely absent. This article draws on the authors’ experiences of undertaking qualitative longitudinal research (QLR) to address this knowledge gap. We reflect on how QLR was essential in engaging policy makers enabling the research to bridge the two parallel policy worlds of veterans’ support and welfare reform, leading to significant policy and practice impact.


BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e041102
Author(s):  
Cleo Baskin ◽  
Geiske Zijlstra ◽  
Mike McGrath ◽  
Caroline Lee ◽  
Fiona Helen Duncan ◽  
...  

ObjectivesUndertake a scoping review to determine the effectiveness of community-centred interventions designed to improve the mental health and well-being of adults from ethnic minority groups in the UK.MethodsWe searched six electronic academic databases for studies published between January 1990 and September 2019: Medline, Embase, PsychINFO, Scopus, CINAHL and Cochrane. For intervention description and data extraction we used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist and Template for Intervention Description and Replication guide. Quality was assessed using Cochrane risk of bias tools. Grey literature results were deemed beyond the scope of this review due to the large number of interventions and lack of available outcomes data.ResultsOf 4501 studies, 7 met the eligibility criteria of UK-based community interventions targeting mental health in adults from ethnic minority populations: four randomised controlled trials, one pre/post-pilot study, one cross-sectional study and one ethnographic study. Interventions included therapy-style sessions, peer-support groups, educational materials, gym access and a family services programme. Common components included a focus on tackling social isolation, using lay health workers from within the community, signposting and overcoming structural barriers to access. Four studies reported a statistically significant positive effect on mental health outcomes and six were appraised as having a high risk of bias. Study populations were ethnically heterogeneous and targeted people mainly from South Asia. No studies examined interventions targeting men.ConclusionsThere is a paucity of high-quality evidence regarding community-centred interventions focused on improving public mental health among ethnic minority groups. Decision makers need scientific evidence to inform effective approaches to mitigating health disparities. Our next steps are to map promising community activities and interventions that are currently being provided to help identify emerging evidence.


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