MODIFICATION OF FRUIT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF PRICKLY PEAR ACCORDING TO THE DATE OF THE SECOND FLORAL BUD BLOOM

2015 ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
S.B.M. Hammami ◽  
M.K. Aounallah ◽  
A. Sahli ◽  
A. Jebari ◽  
T. Bettaieb
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Prickly Pear ◽  
Floral Bud

Differential expression and regulation of expansin gene family members during fruit growth and development of ‘Shijia’ longan fruit

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Xie ◽  
Jian-ye Chen ◽  
Rong-cai Yuan ◽  
Yu-xiong Zhong ◽  
Hai-ling Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Expansin Gene

Fruit growth and development

2020 ◽  
pp. 245-269
Author(s):  
Francisco R. Tadeo ◽  
Javier Terol ◽  
María J. Rodrigo ◽  
Concetta Licciardello ◽  
Avi Sadka
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Fruit Growth

scholarly journals `Bing' Sweet Cherry on the Dwarfing Rootstock `Gisela 5': Thinning Affects Fruit Quality and Vegetative Growth but not Net CO2 Exchange

2004 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Whiting ◽  
Gregory A. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Floral Bud ◽  
Gisela 5

Canopy fruit to leaf area ratios (fruit no./m2 leaf area, F:LA) of 7- and 8-year-old `Bing' sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) on the dwarfing rootstock `Gisela 5' (P. cerasus L. × P. canescens L.) were manipulated by thinning dormant fruit buds. F:LA influenced yield, fruit quality, and vegetative growth, but there were no consistent effects on whole canopy net CO2 exchange rate (NCERcanopy). Trees thinned to 20 fruit/m2 LA had yield reduced by 68% but had increased fruit weight (+25%), firmness (+25%), soluble solids (+20%), and fruit diameter (+14%), compared to unthinned trees (84 fruit/m2). Fruit quality declined when canopy LA was ≈200 cm2/fruit, suggesting that photoassimilate capacity becomes limiting to fruit growth below this ratio. NCERcanopy and net assimilation varied seasonally, being highest during stage III of fruit development (64 days after full bloom, DAFB), and falling more than 50% by 90 DAFB. Final shoot length, LA/spur, and trunk expansion were related negatively to F:LA. F:LA did not affect subsequent floral bud induction per se, but the number of flowers initiated per bud was negatively and linearly related to F:LA. Although all trees were thinned to equal floral bud levels per spur for the year following initial treatment (2001), fruit yields were highest on the trees that previously had no fruit, reflecting the increased number of flowers initiated per floral bud. Nonfruiting trees exhibited a sigmoidal pattern of shoot growth and trunk expansion, whereas fruiting trees exhibited a double sigmoidal pattern due to a growth lag during Stage III of fruit development. Vegetative growth in the second year was not related to current or previous season F:LA. We estimate that the LA on a typical spur is only sufficient to support the full growth potential of a single fruit; more heavily-set spurs require supplemental LA from nonfruiting shoots. From these studies there appears to be a hierarchy of developmental sensitivity to high F:LA for above-ground organs in `Bing'/`Gisela 5' sweet cherry trees: trunk expansion > fruit soluble solids (Stage III) > fruit growth (Stage III) > LA/spur > shoot elongation > fruit growth (Stages I and II) > LA/shoot. Current season F:LA had a greater influence on fruit quality than prior cropping history, underscoring the importance of imposing annual strategies to balance fruit number with LA.

English walnut fruit growth and development

1983 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Pinney ◽  
Vito S. Polito
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
English Walnut

scholarly journals Characteristics of Pollen Grains of Different Date Pollinator Cultivars and Their Metaxenia Effect on Secondary Metabolites, Enzymes and Other Biochemical Compounds of ‘piarom’ Dates at Different Stages of Fruit Growth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Reza Shahsavar ◽  
Asma Shahhosseini
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Pectin Methyl Esterase ◽  
Date Fruit ◽  
Biochemical Compounds ◽  
Date Fruits

Abstract In this study, the characteristics of pollens of eight date pollinating cultivars including ‘Shahani’, ‘Zahedi’, ‘Beraem’, ‘Faryab’, ‘Sheikhali’, ‘Fard’ and ‘Jarvis’ were compared and their metaxenia effects on secondary metabolites, enzymes and other biochemical compounds of ‘Piarom’ date fruit was investigated in four stages of fruit growth and development. The pollens of these eight pollinating cultivars were compared in terms of carbohydrate, protein starch, total phenol, flavonoids, pectin methyl esterase, and amylase enzymes. According to the results, , pollens of ‘Sheikhali’, ‘Fard’, ‘Zahedi’ and ‘Shahani’ cultivars had higher amounts of the above compounds than other cultivars. Regarding the effect of pollens on the composition of ‘Piarom’ date fruit, ‘Fard’ and ‘Sheikhali’ pollens produced the lowest amount of soluable tannin, which resulted in better quality of ‘Piarom’ date fruits. Pollens of ‘Sheikhali’ and ‘Fard’ cultivars produced the highest amounts of glucose and fructose in the fruit. In relation to sucrose, ‘Jarvis’ and ‘Shikhali’ were the best. Pollens of ‘Sheikhali’ and ‘Fard’ cultivars caused the lowest amount of chlorophyll in different stages of fruit growth, indicating better decomposition of fruit chlorophyll and, as a result, better fruit quality. Pollens of ‘Sheikhali’ and ‘Fard’ cultivars produced the highest amount of secondary metabolites such as total phenol, carotenoids and anthocyanin at different stages of ‘Piarom’ date fruit development. Pollens of ‘Fard’ and ‘Sheikhali’ cultivars produced the highest levels of polygalacturonase, cellulase and invertase enzymes at different stages of ‘Piarom’ date fruit growth. Regarding cellulase enzyme, ‘Zahedi’ cultivar produced more ‘cellulase’ in fruit than ‘Sheikhali’. In general, the pollens of ‘Fard’ and ‘Sheikhali, in comparison with other cultivars, improved the quantity and quality of ‘Piarom’ date fruit, due to their metaxenia properties.

scholarly journals Temporal expression patterns of fruit-specific α- EXPANSINS during cell expansion in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Mayorga-Gómez ◽  
Savithri Nambeesan
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Expansion ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Temporal Expression ◽  
Cell Wall Loosening ◽  
Pepper Fruit ◽  
Wall Loosening

Abstract Background Expansins (EXP) facilitate non-enzymatic cell wall loosening during several phases of plant growth and development including fruit growth, internode expansion, pollen tube growth, leaf and root development, and during abiotic stress responses. In this study, the spatial and temporal expression patterns of C. annuum α- EXPANSINS (CaEXPA) genes were characterized. Additionally, fruit-specific CaEXPA expression was correlated with the rate of cell expansion during bell pepper fruit development. Results Spatial expression patterns revealed that CaEXPA13 was up-regulated in vegetative tissues and flowers, with the most abundant expression in mature leaves. Expression of CaEXPA4 was associated with stems and roots. CaEXPA3 was expressed abundantly in flower at anthesis suggesting a role for CaEXPA3 in flower development. Temporal expression analysis revealed that 9 out of the 21 genes were highly expressed during fruit development. Of these, expression of six genes, CaEXPA5, CaEXPA7, CaEXPA12, CaEXPA14 CaEXPA17 and CaEXPA19 were abundant 7 to 21 days after anthesis (DAA), whereas CaEXP6 was strongly expressed between 14 and 28 DAA. Further, this study revealed that fruit growth and cell expansion occur throughout bell pepper development until ripening, with highest rates of fruit growth and cell expansion occurring between 7 and 14 DAA. The expression of CaEXPA14 and CaEXPA19 positively correlated with the rate of cell expansion, suggesting their role in post-mitotic cell expansion-mediated growth of the bell pepper fruit. In this study, a ripening specific EXP transcript, CaEXPA9 was identified, suggesting its role in cell wall disassembly during ripening.Conclusion This is the first genome-wide study of CaEXPA expression during fruit growth and development. Identification of a fruit-specific EXPAs suggest their importance in facilitating cell expansion during growth and cell wall loosening during ripening in bell pepper. These EXPA genes could be important targets for future manipulation of fruit size and ripening characteristics.

SOLAR RADIATION AFFECTS ´STARK REDGOLD´ NECTARINE FRUIT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

2006 ◽  
pp. 209-216
Author(s):  
C. Iacona ◽  
M. Bernardini ◽  
F. Loreti ◽  
R. Muleo
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Fruit Growth
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