IMPACT OF VARIETY SELECTION AND INSECTICIDE PROGRAMS ON TOMATO SPOTTED WILT VIRUS SYMPTOM EXPRESSION IN CENTRAL CALIFORNIA

2015 ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
T.A. Turini ◽  
M. Le Strange ◽  
R.L. Gilbertson
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Symptom Expression ◽  
Central California ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Virus Symptom ◽  
Variety Selection ◽  
Wilt Virus

scholarly journals Impeded Thrips Transmission of Defective Tomato spotted wilt virus Isolates

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 454-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Nagata ◽  
Alice K. Inoue-Nagata ◽  
Marcel Prins ◽  
Rob Goldbach ◽  
Dick Peters
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Northern Blot Analysis ◽  
Symptom Expression ◽  
Subsequent Infection ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
A Value ◽  
Defective Rna ◽  
Wilt Virus ◽  
Virus Isolates

Two defective RNA-containing isolates (Pe-1 and 16-2) and an envelope-deficient (env¯) isolate of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) were tested for their transmissibility by Frankliniella occidentalis. The Pe-1 isolate contained a truncated L RNA segment that barely interfered with symptom expression and replication of the wild-type (wt) L RNA segment. This isolate was transmitted with an efficiency of 51%, a value comparable to that found for wt TSWV (54%). Isolate 16-2, which contained a genuine defective interfering L RNA as concluded from its ability to suppress wt L RNA synthesis and attenuation of symptom expression, was not transmitted at all. The midguts of all larvae that ingested Pe-1 became infected, whereas limited midgut infections were found in 24% of the larvae that ingested 16-2. This difference in infection could be explained by the presence of a low number of infectious units in the inoculum ingested from plants as demonstrated in infection experiments and verified by northern blot analysis. The env¯ isolate failed to infect the midgut after ingestion and could not be transmitted by any thrips stage. This isolate also cannot infect primary thrips cell cultures. Taken together, these results suggest that the envelope of TSWV contains the determinants required for binding and subsequent infection of thrips cells.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Tomato Spotted Wilt in Pepper and Tomato in Southern Georgia

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 752-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Gitaitis ◽  
C. C. Dowler ◽  
R. B. Chalfant
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Symptom Expression ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Southern Georgia ◽  
Wilt Virus ◽  
Eastern Edge ◽  
Primary Transmission ◽  
Over Time

The spatial distributions of symptomatic tomato and pepper plants infected with tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) were mapped over time in field studies in 1990 to 1992. Disease gradients occurred in some tomato transplant beds and pepper fields but were not observed in tomatoes grown to maturity. In 1990 and 1991, an increasing gradient emanated from the eastern edge of tomato transplant beds and led to adjacent tobacco plots containing TSWV-infected plants. In addition, gradients within each block emanating from the edge adjacent to fallow alleys were observed within the primary disease gradient in 1990. A gradient also occurred both down the row and across cultivars in a commercial pepper field in 1990. The gradient failed to flatten over time, a possible indication of lack of secondary disease spread. Tests for aggregation supported the contention that there was limited secondary spread within pepper fields and tomato plots and that most infections arose from primary transmission. Clipped plants from tomato transplant beds had no higher incidence of TSWV in grow-out tests than did nonclipped plants. Reduced yields were significantly correlated with time of first symptom expression in tomato, with plants that were symptomatic earlier in the season yielding less fruit per plant by weight.

Productivity of Florunner Peanut Infected with Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Culbreath ◽  
J. W. Todd ◽  
J. W. Demski
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Infected Plant ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Symptom Expression ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Total Seed ◽  
Wilt Virus ◽  
Field Plots

Abstract Individual plants of peanut cultivar Florunner were evaluated over time for symptoms of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) in field plots in 1988, 1989 and 1990. Time of symptom appearance was recorded for symptomatic plants. Seed yield was determined for individual symptomatic plants and apparently healthy check plants on adjacent rows. Across all times of appearance of symptoms, number of seed produced, mean weight per seed and total seed yield were lower for symptomatic plants than for healthy plants in all three years. In 1989 and 1990, linear regression indicated that both number of seed and seed yield per infected plant increased with time from planting until TSWV symptom expression. Mean seed weight also increased with time from planting until symptom expression in 1990, although this increase was small, but not in 1989. Among symptomatic plants, number of seed produced was more strongly correlated with seed yield than was average weight per individual seed.

Effect of temperature on symptom expression and accumulation of tomato spotted wilt virus in different host species

1998 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Llamas-Llamas ◽  
E. Zavaleta-Mejia ◽  
V. A. Gonzalez-Hernandez ◽  
L. Cervantes-Diaz ◽  
J. A. Santizo-Rincon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Symptom Expression ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus

scholarly journals Current Status and Potential of RNA Interference for the Management of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus and Thrips Vectors

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Alexander Nilon ◽  
Karl Robinson ◽  
Hanu R. Pappu ◽  
Neena Mitter
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is the type member of the genus Orthotospovirus in the family Tospoviridae and order Bunyavirales. TSWV, transmitted by several species of thrips, causes significant disease losses to agronomic and horticultural crops worldwide, impacting both the yield and quality of the produce. Management strategies include growing virus-resistant cultivars, cultural practices, and managing thrips vectors through pesticide application. However, numerous studies have reported that TSWV isolates can overcome host-plant resistance, while thrips are developing resistance to pesticides that were once effective. RNA interference (RNAi) offers a means of host defence by using double-stranded (ds) RNA to initiate gene silencing against invading viruses. However, adoption of this approach requires production and use of transgenic plants and thus limits the practical application of RNAi against TSWV and other viruses. To fully utilize the potential of RNAi for virus management at the field level, new and novel approaches are needed. In this review, we summarize RNAi and highlight the potential of topical or exogenous application of RNAi triggers for managing TSWV and thrips vectors.

Lipid in a Purified Preparation of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus

Nature ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 203 (4945) ◽  
pp. 671-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
RUPERT J. BEST ◽  
GERARD F. KATEKAR
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus
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